Jakarta is home to more than ten million residents. The metropolitan area is more than three times bigger.
Only a quarter of Jakarta's residents have access to piped water, which means many of them have to drill for it underground.
The drilling process is also less expensive than paying for water utilities.
This excessive groundwater pumping has turned Jakarta into the world's fastest-sinking city.
Jakarta's land is sinking at a rate of up to 6.7 inches per year.
The devastating combination of floods and subsidence threatens to submerge entire swathes of the city by 2050.
To combat this issue, Jakarta's president, Joko Widodo, has approved a plan to move the capital 100 miles away from its current location.
The entire project would take around ten years and require a $33 billion budget.
The government still has to choose an alternate spot, but the state media outlet has said they're considering Palangka Raya, a city on the island of Borneo.
Though Palangka Raya has far fewer residents, Borneo is also prone to flooding.
One of the most destructive floods took place in 2007. Around 70,000 homes were submerged and around 80 people died.
In 2013, another flood killed nearly 50 people. The damage was made worse by the city's poor sewage system, which is often clogged with garbage and debris.
A year later, Jakarta decided to build a giant, 15-mile sea wall to protect the city from flooding.
The estimated cost of the project is $40 million .
Many oppose the wall on the grounds that it doesn't address Jakarta's sinking land.
Others worry that the construction would destroy local fishing communities.
These areas are often occupied by residents who can't afford to live in the central business district or elite residential enclaves.
Limited access to water can keep low-income communities mired in poverty.
Moving the capital to a new location could eliminate some of the strain on Jakarta's resources, thereby reducing inequality.
If Jakarta goes through with the plan, it won't be the first city to move its capital.
Nigeria moved its capital from Lagos to Abuja in 1991, and Myanmar moved its capital from Rangoon to Naypyidaw in 2005. Egypt is also in the process of building a new capital city to replace Cairo.