Carlos Giusti/AP
Puerto Rican writer of "Hamilton" Lin Manuel Miranda helps distribute food in Vega Alta, Puerto Rico earlier this month.
- Puerto Ricans without access to basic resources like power and cell service have come to accept their post-Hurricane Maria lifestyle as the new normal.
- Hundreds of people are still dying but are not being properly counted.
- The hurricane's aftermath has accelerated the rate of Puerto Ricans leaving the island for the US mainland.
SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico-These days in Puerto Rico, life is conducted on a farmer's hours. Get up at sunrise, operate during daylight, and return home before night falls.
Some merchants are now able to take credit cards, but cash is king. Planning is reduced to the next 24 hours: how to get power, gasoline to fuel the generator, ice, cash, and a phone signal.
At night, the constant hum of generators blends with the clarion calls of the onomatopoeically named coquí frog. Traffic signals don't work, and electric repair crews are greeted with applause at their destinations.
The warm waves lap up on the shores, but many beaches are not clear of debris or contamination. The salsa bands play in the hotels that have power but no longer on most of the now-darkened street corners of the capital.
Power outages and hollow promises from politicians have become the norm
It's been two months since Hurricane Maria made landfall in Puerto Rico on Sept. 20, and daily life is still a grind on the island with a new slate of problems for residents on the ground and scant progress on the horizon.
In the days immediately following the storm, there were demands for the restoration of electricity and modern conveniences, but now there seems to be a resignation of a new normal. Despite Gov. Ricardo Rosselló's optimistic promise of getting 100 percent power back by Christmas, most people have accepted that this will be a Navidad without lights.
In San Juan, some have been without power since Hurricane Irma passed on Sept. 7. Each week, there seems to be an outage that rolls back the progress in power generation like a wave erasing a sand castle.
The unrelenting electrical issues seem like a cruel farce to residents. Minutes after the governor announced in a press conference Wednesday that electric generation had reached 50 percent, a power outage affected the north of the island, crippling San Juan and forcing the closure of several shopping centers, where those living without power or air conditioning shop and take refuge.
On Nov. 8, there was another interruption on that same power line, which curiously was one serviced by the controversial Whitefish Energy Holdings. The Status.pr page states that power generation was up to 46.6 percent of capacity as of Monday. But generation is one thing; distribution is another.
Federal and local politicians engage in finger-pointing, but power is not yet substantially restored. "We need a tent over the whole island," said an employee of the municipality of Dorado. "It's already a circus." The controversial head of the electric authority, Ricardo Ramos, quit on Friday.
Herbert Shapiro owns a Serta mattress factory near San Juan. He had to suspend production as the hurricane approached and retool after. "The island is not going to sink into the sea," he told me. "I just hope to make money for the next couple of years." Shapiro has family in Boston and an apartment in Florida, but he is staying put.
According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, Hurricane Maria destroyed 70,000 homes in Puerto Rico, and that may be a low estimate: Many still have not been visited by the agency. According to some estimates, the blackout caused by damage to the tattered power structure is the largest in U.S. history.
Those with chronic health conditions who are dying for lack of proper care are not counted as official hurricane deaths, but the island's forensics institute reported 472 more deaths in September compared with the previous year. Also, the Department of Labor noted a loss of 29,000 salaried jobs between August and October, not counting the farming sector.
Communities in the Puerto Rican interior are still largely out of reach for recovery efforts
People in mountain towns like Utuado, Aibonito, Naranjito, Corozal, Comerío, or Barranquitas-isolated by Maria-are only are vaguely aware that there is a recovery underway or that President Trump came to Puerto Rico in October. Many who know the details of the visit are deeply offended by his comments and the memorable images of his throwing paper towels into a crowd.
"I wish we were treated the way President Kennedy did when he visited [Puerto Rico in 1961]," said María Antonia Santiago, who is 82. Then, JFK acknowledged the historical and cultural differences that Puerto Rico has with the 50 states but said he still felt he was in his country, "like I did this morning when in Washington."
In these mountain towns, which were pulverized by the 150-mile-per-hour winds of Maria, daily routine is an exercise in triage and working the economics and logistics of the new normal: getting fuel for the generator (if you have one) to produce electric power for a few hours daily, obtaining cash to buy the fuel and ice, and consuming gas to travel to one of the spots where cellphones can get a signal. For some still without water, a drive across town is needed to shower.
Felix Arroyo is a farmer in Barranquitas. He says he earned $32,000 in 2016 picking and selling recao, an herb similar to cilantro used for sofrito seasoning. This year, Maria's winds flattened his plantain trees and uprooted the recao. He has to start from scratch, but the trees and grass are sprouting again. He goes outside and brings a new clump of the herb in his hand.
Frustration and realism fuel anger at Washington and out-migration to the mainland
There is also a heart-versus-mind paradox for Puerto Ricans, who are aware that years of mismanagement and corruption from their political leaders have brought them to this juncture. They counter what some consider the usurpation of power represented by the financial oversight board (PROMESA) imposed by Washington, whose primary fealty, they believe, is to the hedge funds who hold much of the island's $72 billion in debt.
While they acknowledge that the imposition of a financial governess by the U.S. will maintain fiscal discipline on the local politicians, they chafe at what they see as a colonial paternalism of the board for the benefit of Wall Street. (Last week, federal Judge Laura Taylor Swain decided that the PROMESA board's nominee to head the electric company did not trump the governor's choice.)
Puerto Ricans were leaving the island in droves before the storm hit, and the process of out-migration is likely to accelerate now. In the "should I stay or should I go?" decision that boricuas face, they must consider the insolvent government of Puerto Rico, the dysfunction of the authorities' response, the recurrent power outages, and an economic crisis that was dire to begin with.
An estimated 150,000 Puerto Ricans have already left, with an estimated 2,000 arriving every day in central Florida. These American citizens should constitute a formidable voting bloc in future elections.
But others still bet on Puerto Rico. Walid Garga is a former United Nations employee who moved to Puerto Rico and owns a bed-and-breakfast. His hotel was flooded, and his employees fled for the mainland. He could leave too but is rebuilding.
"Why wouldn't you live in Puerto Rico? It's the best place on Earth," he counters. "The people are nice; the weather is awesome. I love this place."