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<ul><li><keyword id="3155474" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Zika-virus">Zika virus</keyword> disease is mainly transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, which stings in daylight.</li><li>Amid the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, Kerala, on Thursday, reported around 13 confirmed cases of Zika Virus for the first time.</li><li>Majority of people who get infected with Zika virus do not develop symptoms, says WHO.</li></ul>Disclaimer: This should not be considered medical advice. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, Kerala, on Thursday, reported around 13 confirmed cases of Zika Virus for the first time. In February 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) had confirmed Zika infection as a public health emergency. India reported its first case in Rajasthan where 63 pregnant women were diagnosed with the infection in 2017. <keyword id="11597663" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="what-is-zika-virus">What is Zika Virus</keyword> and where was it first found? Zika virus disease is mainly transmitted by the Aedes mosquito which stings in daylight. Aedes mosquitoes are the same that transmit dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever. It is a mosquito-borne flavivirus which was identified in Uganda in 1947 in monkeys and later in humans in 1952. According to WHO, the first outbreak of Zika virus was found in the Island of Yap in 2007, followed by French Polynesia in 2013, and Brazil in 2015. What are the major <keyword id="3230917" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Symptoms-of-Zika-virus">symptoms of Zika Virus</keyword>? The incubation period (time between the exposure and first symptoms) is usually between 3-14 days. Majority of people who get infected with Zika virus do not develop symptoms, says WHO. These are the major symptoms that have been found in people and usually last for 2-7 days — <ul><li>Mild to high fever</li><li>Rashes</li><li>Conjunctivitis</li><li>Muscle and joint pain</li><li>Headache</li><li>Malaise</li><li>Nausea and vomiting</li></ul>How can Zika virus be diagnosed? It is generally identified from the symptoms developed by individuals. However, it can be confirmed only by conducting laboratory tests of blood or other body fluids such as urine or semen. How can Zika virus be transmitted? Primarily, Zika virus is transmitted through the bite of Aedes mosquitoes which stings usually during the day. However, it can also be transferred from mother to foetus, unprotected sexual contact with an infected person, transfusion of blood and blood products and organ transplantation. How is the Zika virus infected person treated? WHO says that there is no treatment or vaccine available for this virus or related/associated diseases. However, people who develop mild symptoms such as fever, rash, nausea are recommended to take plenty of rest, increase the intake of fluids, and treat pain and fever with normal medication. If the condition of an infected person deteriorates, then one should seek immediate medical advice and care. How can you protect yourself from this virus? <ol><li>The foremost recommended way to protect yourself is wear light coloured clothes which covers your maximum body area.</li><li>Keep your windows and doors closed to avoid the entering of flies and mosquitoes.</li><li>Apply mosquito repellent on skin or clothing that contains DEET, IR3535 or icaridin, which will be mentioned in the product label, prescribed by WHO.</li><li>Young children and pregnant women should sleep under mosquito nets to protect them from infected mosquitoes.</li><li>Avoid collection/storage of water, as these mosquitoes breed in such conditions.</li><li>Travellers who are going to these infected areas should take proper precautions.</li></ol>SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/pokmon-gos-5th-anniversary-celebrated-with-virtual-pokmon-go-fest-2021-and-new-gaming-features/articleshow/84260501.cms">Pokémon GO’s 5th anniversary celebrated with virtual Pokémon GO Fest 2021 and new gaming features </a><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/pokmon-gos-5th-anniversary-celebrated-with-virtual-pokmon-go-fest-2021-and-new-gaming-features/articleshow/84260501.cms"></a><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/qualcomm-asus-smartphone-for-snapdragon-insiders-specs-price-launch-date-in-india/articleshow/84258672.cms">Qualcomm and Asus come together to launch a high-end ‘Smartphone for Snapdragon Insiders’</a>

Zika virus: All you need to know — overview, symptoms, prevention and control

<ul><li><keyword id="790242" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="WhatsApp">WhatsApp</keyword> has put its updated privacy policy on hold in India. </li><li>The Facebook-owned company says it will wait until the Data Protection Law for India is introduced. </li><li>Court has adjourned the hearing to July 30th.</li></ul>Update (4:00 PM IST): WhatsApp has reached out to Business Insider India to confirm that the new policy is not being put on hold. WhatsApp has agreed not to mandate its <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/whatsapps-new-privacy-policy-in-effect-from-may-15-heres-what-happens-if-you-dont-accept-it/articleshow/82734500.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink">new privacy policy</a>. The Delhi High Court today was hearing a plea from WhatsApp and its parent company Facebook against a single judge order refusing to put the order from the Competition Commission of India (CCI) for scrutiny against its privacy policy. Harish Salve, representing WhatsApp in the case, said that the company will not limit functionality for some time, and will maintain the same approach until the Data Protection Bill comes into force and the updated policy will remain on hold till then. WhatsApp told Business Insider India, "we will not limit the functionality of how WhatsApp works in the coming weeks. Instead, we will continue to remind users from time to time about the update as well as when people choose to use relevant optional features, like communicating with a business that is receiving support from Facebook." This means that WhatsApp will not be restricting features for users who do not comply with the new policy. Salve said that the challenge to the privacy policy and challenge to the CCI order for the probe are different. India’s MeiTy (Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology) said that <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/whatsapps-new-privacy-policy-doesnt-give-you-choice-and-could-limit-your-options-in-the-future-too/articleshow/82063830.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink">WhatsApp's Privacy Policy</a> doesn’t comply with the IT Act 2011 that covers ‘reasonable security practices and procedures and sensitive personal data or information’. <div type="twitter" handle="barandbench" handlename="Bar &amp; Bench" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1397599924724768770/zbYhrPvq_normal.jpg" favoritecount="53" retweetcount="8" status="[WhatsApp privacy policy] Delhi High Court to hear appeal filed by WhatsApp and Facebook against Single Judge order… https://t.co/k058wzPuOf" createdat="1625808015000" id="1413367375018168323"></div> WhatsApp considers the roll-out of its privacy policy open-ended as there's no specific date for the announcement of the much talked about Data Protection Bill. Salve said the company believes there are chances that the bill might allow the company to go ahead with the updated policy. Salve said that WhatsApp has been telling CCI that the Indian government is dealing with the matter and it has already issued a directive to the US-based company. However, the CCI has taken the competition angle to look at the policy update. Salve reiterated the facts on data collection saying WhatsApp can't see messages as they're end-to-end encrypted and only the external shell of data like the phone number and the name of the users are known, and that's what they're opposing. He further said that this data is also collected while buying a mobile connection in India. However, the High Court kept its stance around allegations that claim the collected data is given to third parties without user consent. The other point made by the court was around having a "different yardstick" for India as the company has different policies for the European market. Salve has asked for 2-3 weeks to reply to CCI's questions and the hearing has been adjourned to July 30th. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/ola-app-raises-500-million-from-temasek-and-warburg-ahead-of-ipo/articleshow/84261607.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink">Ola raises half-a-billion dollars from Temasek and Warburg ahead of its IPO</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/health/news/zika-virus-what-are-symptoms-and-prevention-from-this-virus/articleshow/84260734.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink">Zika virus: All you need to know — overview, symptoms, prevention and control</a>

WhatsApp won't make its controversial privacy policy mandatory until the introduction of India’s Data Protection Law

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="4912868" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="moderna">Moderna</keyword>'s experimental <keyword id="8624004" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="coronavirus-vaccine">coronavirus vaccine</keyword> was highly effective at preventing COVID-19 in its late-stage trial, the Massachusetts <keyword id="45082" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="biotech">biotech</keyword> company said on Monday.</li><li>The finding comes from a 30,000-person study that compared volunteers who got a two-dose regimen of Moderna's shot with ones who got a placebo.</li><li>The vaccine was shown to be 94.5% effective in a preliminary analysis.</li><li>The announcement closely follows similar <keyword id="6355005" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="news">news</keyword> from a rival vaccine program by <keyword id="44612" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Pfizer">Pfizer</keyword> and BioNTech, which touted late-stage success a week ago.</li><li>The impact from these scientific successes won't be immediate. Both vaccine candidates still need to secure regulatory approval, and initial supply will be extremely limited.</li><li>Still, it's undeniably encouraging news in society's fight against the pandemic.</li></ul>A second experimental <keyword id="1754604" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="coronavirus">coronavirus</keyword> vaccine has succeeded at preventing COVID-19 in the final stage of clinical research, marking a victory in the fight against the pandemic.The upstart biotech Moderna announced the success Monday morning in a press release, saying its vaccine was 94.5% effective at preventing COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus. An independent group of experts found clear signs of effectiveness after reviewing preliminary data from an ongoing 30,000-person study, Moderna said.Moderna's shot is the second major vaccine program to announce success in a late-stage trial. Pfizer and its German partner BioNTech said on November 9 <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pfizer-coronavirus-vaccine-success-plans-for-emergency-approval-fda-2020-9">that their vaccine was found to be more than 90% effective</a> at preventing COVID-19 in an early review of an ongoing study.Both announcements provide much-needed good news, as the pandemic surges across the world, though it could be weeks before regulators review the shots and decide whether to make them more widely available. The US is now averaging more than 140,000 new coronavirus cases a day, and the <keyword id="6354525" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="100" keywordseo="healthcare">healthcare</keyword> system is showing troubling signs of strain as hospitalizations and deaths rise.Moderna's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/stock-markets-futures-jump-after-moderna-vaccine-trial-2020-11">stock price gained more than 10%</a> before markets opened Monday and was poised to hit an all-time high. US stock futures jumped as well, with the <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/futures/s&amp;p-500-futuresures" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">S&amp;P 500</a> and the <a href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/futures/dow-futures" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dow Jones Industrial Average</a> gaining 1.4% to 1.8% to trade around session highs.<h2>Pair of 'excellent vaccines'</h2>"Those are two excellent vaccines that are going to help a lot of Americans and help a lot of people around the world," Moderna CEO Stéphane Bancel said in a video interview with Business Insider.Moderna's release indicates its vaccine is broadly similar to Pfizer's. Moderna said its vaccine appeared to be 94.5% effective, while Pfizer said its shot was more than 90% effective. Moderna's analysis was based on 95 COVID-19 cases, while Pfizer's review included 94 cases. Neither company's data has been published in a scientific journal, and both are still collecting more information on how safe their shots are.Moderna's study starts counting cases of coronavirus two weeks after volunteers get their second shot, while Pfizer's study records illnesses one week after volunteers finish the vaccination course.It would be "naïve to compare the 90% to 94.5%," Bancel told Business Insider, saying it's too soon to compare the shots.Volunteers in Moderna's trial were randomly given a two-dose regimen of either Moderna's experimental shot or placebo injections. The expert panel's conclusion is based on 95 cases of the disease observed in the study.Out of those 95 illnesses, 90 people on placebo got sick compared with five receiving Moderna's vaccine. The vaccine also appeared to prevent serious illness. Researchers found 11 cases of severe COVID-19 among the placebo group and zero among people who got the vaccine.Moderna's vaccine has one crucial advantage over Pfizer's shot: It can be stored for a month at typical fridge temperatures (36 degrees Fahrenheit to 46 degrees Fahrenheit), while Pfizer's shot needs to be stored at minus 94 degrees Fahrenheit, requiring dry ice and special containers.<h2>Moderna's vaccine still needs to be evaluated by FDA</h2>Both vaccines are still experimental and need to secure regulatory authorization before being rolled out to the public. Both companies plan to apply for emergency-use authorization later in November. It's unclear how long the US Food and Drug Administration will take to evaluate the shots and decide whether to approve them.Even if OK'd by regulators, vaccine supply will be extremely limited at first, though having two vaccines would be helpful.Moncef Slaoui, the chief advisor to the US government's vaccine initiative, called Operation Warp Speed, recently estimated that <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/when-will-i-get-a-coronavirus-vaccine-moncef-slaoui-distribution-2020-11">20 million Americans could be immunized in December if both shots were approved</a>.Moderna was a key component of Warp Speed's vaccine plan, with the US government investing up to $2.48 billion to fund its development and secure a supply.Pfizer has said it hopes to produce up to 50 million doses by the end of 2020, and Moderna should have 20 million doses available in the US by year's end. Both shots are given as two-dose regimens.Manufacturing will expand in 2021, with Pfizer saying it will have enough of its vaccine to immunize up to 650 million people and Moderna aiming to produce enough shots for 500 million worldwide. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-vaccine-timeline-what-to-watch-leading-research-2020-3">Vaccines from other drugmakers</a> could become available next year as well if they succeed in clinical trials that are now underway.Bancel predicted that a coronavirus vaccine would be widely available in the US by Memorial Day, at the end of May, based only on the results from Pfizer and from his company."Even if no other vaccines were going to make it, as a worst-case scenario, I think by Memorial Day, end of June, any Americans who want a vaccine will have their hands on a vaccine," Bancel said.<h2>Early success should bode well for other vaccine frontrunners</h2><div type="image" title="Moderna coronavirus vaccine trial participant" height="3693" width="4924" msid="79247295" hostid="261"></div>The effectiveness of Moderna's shot should bode well for other vaccine frontrunners. All these experimental shots target the same part of the novel coronavirus, the spike protein.Slaoui <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moncef-slaoui-on-coronavirus-vaccine-approvals-and-impact-on-pandemic-2020-10">told Business Insider in October</a> that he anticipated three waves of approvals over the next few months.Moderna and Pfizer would make up the first wave. They could quickly be followed by shots from Johnson &amp; Johnson and AstraZeneca. Slaoui said he expected results in December or January from those companies.The third wave includes two more shots — one by Novavax and the other by Sanofi and GlaxoSmithKline. Those programs are expected to start the final stage of clinical trials in the US within the next few weeks.Leading government scientists have said a vaccine should be widely available to Americans by April. Slaoui <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moncef-slaoui-interview-on-operation-warp-speed-coronavirus-vaccine-2020-8">predicted in August</a> that If people agreed to get the shots, we could return to normal in the second half of 2021.Read more: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moncef-slaoui-interview-on-operation-warp-speed-coronavirus-vaccine-2020-8">EXCLUSIVE: The head of Operation Warp Speed shares his best timeline on the race for a COVID-19 vaccine and predicts a return to normal in the 2nd half of 2021</a>The announcements that both vaccines are effective is a validation for the new technology that both use, called messenger RNA. The technology platform uses only the genetic code of the virus to create a shot. The approach is promising yet novel: There are no federally approved mRNA vaccines to date.<h2>Key questions remain unanswered, despite promising news</h2>It's too early to draw any conclusions on whether one vaccine is more efficacious or safer than the other. While Moderna provided far more detailed results than Pfizer, neither has published data in medical journals from its trials, which remain ongoing.Both companies are still collecting and analyzing data, which means the exact effectiveness of the shots could differ from these preliminary results.Moderna gave an overview of preliminary data on safety and side effects, while Pfizer didn't provide that information.Most side effects from Moderna's shots were mild or moderate, but some volunteers did have severe side effects, which are medically significant but not life-threatening. These happened mainly after the second injection. The most common severe side effects were fatigue (9.7%), muscle pains or aches (8.9%), joint pain (5.2%), headache (4.5%), pain (4.1%), and redness at the injection site (2.0%).While Moderna said these side effects were "generally short-lived," specific details will be important, particularly in terms of how severe and long-lasting the side effects were.There are some other unanswered questions.On efficacy, it's unclear whether either vaccine prevents asymptomatic infections. The studies probably won't be able to answer that question definitively, as volunteers weren't tested for the coronavirus unless they developed symptoms.Neither company has provided detailed results by age group. Some vaccines have historically been less protective in older people.Finally, we don't know anything about how long protection might last. That information will only come with more time, as study volunteers are followed for many more months. It's possible people will need to get booster shots, though no one knows whether those would be needed in six months, a year, or several years down the line.<h2>A transformative moment for Moderna</h2><div type="image" title="Stephane Bancel" height="2380" width="4761" msid="79247296" hostid="261"></div>While Pfizer is a <keyword id="6469017" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="pharmaceutical">pharmaceutical</keyword> giant known for treatments like Viagra and Lipitor, Moderna is a much smaller biotech upstart that has never developed an approved medication.Still, Moderna, which has been around for only about a decade, has quickly became one of the buzziest startups in the drug industry.Bancel, the CEO, has had grand visions of mRNA's potential to work in a wide range of diseases. That has driven record levels of fundraising for Moderna, including the largest biotech initial public offering in history in December 2018.The Cambridge, Massachusetts, company is working on several other vaccine candidates for Zika, influenza, cytomegalovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus.Moderna is hoping its coronavirus success proves that the company's foundational technology works, Bancel said."It's copy and paste," he said. "So the Zika vaccine, the CMV vaccine, if this vaccine shows high efficacy, they are going to have high efficacy. It's just <keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="60" keywordseo="science">science</keyword>."Responding to the pandemic has accelerated the company's progress, and Moderna has worked closely with the US National Institutes of <keyword id="6354750" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="health">Health</keyword> since January to develop and test a COVID-19 vaccine candidate. Moderna's vaccine candidate was the first in the world to start human testing in March.To be able to have positive efficacy results from a late-stage study in less than a year is a scientific feat so far matched only by Pfizer and BioNTech.Investors have noticed. Moderna's stock has more than quadrupled this year, driven by its coronavirus vaccine progress. The company has hired hundreds of new employees, particularly to help run its Norwood, Massachusetts, manufacturing plant around the clock.<h2>'It's just the beginning'</h2>The company's success has also drawn criticism. Top company executives and board members <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pharma-executives-selling-company-stock-amid-covid-19-pandemic-2020-10">sold $236 million</a> in stock over the first nine months of 2020, <a href="https://www.npr.org/2020/09/04/908305074/bad-optics-or-something-more-moderna-executives-stock-sales-raise-concerns">as some corporate-governance experts criticized the insider sales as bad optics</a>.And previous press releases about positive early data <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/05/19/rush-share-good-news-covid-19-drugs-is-undermining-science/">were criticized by some infectious-disease experts</a> as "science by press release." The eventual data was later published in a top medical journal and was in line with Moderna's initial description.Despite the criticism, Moderna's late-stage success is the clearest validation of its technology to date."It's just the beginning of a big wave of products," Bancel said.While there are major logistical challenges ahead in the fight against the pandemic, having effective vaccines will go a long way to defeating the virus.

Moderna says its coronavirus vaccine is 94.5% effective against COVID-19, a crucial victory in the fight against the pandemic

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Zika virus: All you need to know — overview, symptoms, prevention and control

Vaamanaa Sethi

WhatsApp won't make its controversial privacy policy mandatory until the introduction of India’s Data Protection Law

Sudhanshu Singh

Moderna says its coronavirus vaccine is 94.5% effective against COVID-19, a crucial victory in the fight against the pandemic

Andrew Dunn

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