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The <keyword id="23960239" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Leonid-Meteor-Shower" source="keywords">Leonid meteor shower</keyword>, one of the most iconic celestial events, is currently active. If you missed its peak on the nights of November 17-18, don’t worry; the shower should still retain some razzle dazzle over the next few days. For stargazers in India, this cosmic show promises a breathtaking experience if the skies remain clear and moonlight isn’t too bright.<br /><h3 style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:14.0pt;margin-bottom:4.0pt;">What makes the <keyword id="24047570" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="leonids" source="keywords">Leonids</keyword> special?</h3>The Leonids are famous for their speed and brilliance, with meteors zipping through the atmosphere at an astonishing 70 km/s. They originate from debris left behind by <keyword id="24047566" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Comet-55P/Tempel-Tuttle" source="keywords">Comet 55P/Tempel-Tuttle</keyword>, which orbits the Sun every 33 years. Occasionally, the shower transforms into a spectacular meteor storm, with thousands of meteors per hour. Though this phenomenon won’t occur this year, the Leonids remain a treat for skywatchers.<br /><h3 style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:14.0pt;margin-bottom:4.0pt;">Best time and how to watch in India</h3>To watch the showers, you have to stay up somewhat late into the night, as the radiant point in the constellation Leo becomes visible after midnight. Under ideal conditions, observers might spot around 10 meteors per hour, disappearing sometime after dawn breaks the next day. However, the waning gibbous moon may reduce visibility, so patience is key.<br /><br />To view the shower effectively, find a dark spot away from city lights and allow your eyes to adjust to the dark for at least 30 minutes. Don’t focus directly on Leo (the radiant point), as meteors will streak across the entire sky. You can also use apps or star maps to locate Leo, marked by its bright star Regulus and a sickle-shaped pattern representing the lion’s mane.<br /><h3 style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:14.0pt;margin-bottom:4.0pt;">Fun and practical tips for stargazing</h3>Pack warm clothing, a reclining chair, and a thermos of hot tea to stay cozy while watching. No binoculars or telescopes are needed — just the naked eye and a sense of wonder. If you're a photography enthusiast, a DSLR with a wide-angle lens can help you capture the meteor trails.<br /><br />The Leonids’ fiery streaks and occasional fireballs make them an unmissable celestial event. Even if the moonlight dims their intensity this year, the experience of lying under the stars and marveling at this cosmic spectacle is well worth it.<br /><br />For the best results, keep checking local weather forecasts for clear skies and head out to dark rural areas if possible. Happy stargazing!<br />

Leonid Meteor Shower at peak: How to watch it in India

The deadly landslides in Kerala's ecologically fragile Wayanad district were triggered by a heavy burst of rainfall, made 10 per cent heavier by <keyword id="19907392" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="climate-change" source="keywords">climate change</keyword>, according to a new rapid attribution study by a global team of scientists. Researchers from India, Sweden, the US and the UK warned that such events will become more common as the climate continues to warm. <br /><br />To measure the impact of human-caused climate change, the scientists from the <keyword id="12008149" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="World-Weather-Attribution" source="Orion">World Weather Attribution</keyword> (WWA) group analysed climate models with high enough resolution to accurately reflect rainfall in the relatively small study area. <br /><br />The models indicated that the intensity of rainfall has increased by 10 per cent due to climate change, they said. <br /><br />The models also predict a further four per cent increase in rainfall intensity if the average <keyword id="21951013" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="global-temperature" source="keywords">global temperature</keyword> rises by two degrees Celsius compared to the 1850-1900 average. <br /><br />The scientists, however, said there is a "high level of uncertainty" in the model results as the study area is small and mountainous with complex rainfall-climate dynamics. <br /><br />Having said that, the increase in heavy one-day rainfall events aligns with a growing body of scientific evidence on extreme rainfall in a warming world, including in India, and the understanding that a warmer atmosphere holds more moisture, leading to heavier downpours. <br /><br />According to scientists, the atmosphere's capacity to hold moisture increases by about 7 per cent for every one-degree Celsius rise in global temperature. <br /><br />The Earth's global surface temperature has already increased by around 1.3 degrees Celsius due to the rapidly rising concentration of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide and methane. Scientists say this is the reason behind worsening <keyword id="19912530" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="extreme-weather-events" source="keywords">extreme weather events</keyword>, such as droughts, heat waves and floods worldwide. <br /><br />The WWA scientists said that while the relationship between land cover, land use changes and landslide risk in Wayanad is not fully clear from existing studies, factors, such as quarrying for building materials and a 62 per cent reduction in forest cover may have increased the slopes' susceptibility to landslides during heavy rainfall. <br /><br />Other researchers have also linked the <keyword id="22597176" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Wayanad-landslides" source="keywords">Wayanad landslides</keyword> to a combination of forest cover loss, mining in fragile terrain and prolonged rain followed by heavy precipitation. <br /><br />S Abhilash, the director of the Advanced Centre for Atmospheric Radar Research at Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), had earlier told PTI that the warming of the Arabian Sea is leading to the formation of deep cloud systems, resulting in extremely heavy rainfall in Kerala in a short period and increasing the risk of landslides. <br /><br />"Our research found that the southeast Arabian Sea is becoming warmer, causing the atmosphere above Kerala to become thermodynamically unstable. This instability is allowing the formation of deep clouds," he had said. <br /><br />According to the landslide atlas released by ISRO's National Remote Sensing Centre last year, 10 out of the top 30 landslide-prone districts in India are in Kerala, with Wayanad ranked at the 13th spot. <br /><br />A study published by Springer in 2021 said all landslide hotspots in Kerala are in the Western Ghats region and are concentrated in Idukki, Ernakulam, Kottayam, Wayanad, Kozhikode and Malappuram districts. <br /><br />It said about 59 per cent of total landslides in Kerala have occurred in plantation areas. <br /><br />A 2022 study on depleting forest cover in Wayanad showed that 62 per cent of forests in the district disappeared between 1950 and 2018, while plantation cover rose by around 1,800 per cent.

Wayanad landslides linked to 10% heavier rainfall due to climate change: Study

In a massive move for the country’s growing climate woes, India is aiming to control weather phenomena like rainfall, lightning, and hail within five years. Dubbed "<keyword id="23131560" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mission-Mausam" source="keywords">Mission Mausam</keyword>," this government-backed initiative includes the development of <keyword id="23148975" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mausam-GPT" source="keywords">Mausam GPT</keyword>, a weather AI model designed to enhance prediction accuracy and even manipulate the weather. This would make India one of the first countries to experiment with <keyword id="21369368" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="weather-modification" source="keywords">weather modification</keyword> on a significant scale.<br /><h2>Mission Mausam</h2>India’s "Mission Mausam" aims to reshape the future of weather management by using technology to control rain. Over the next 18 months, the government will start with lab simulations to either enhance or suppress rainfall. The ultimate goal, as outlined by Earth Sciences Secretary M. Ravichandran, is to roll out full-scale weather modification within five years. He stated that the initiative could even target events like Independence Day, where “one can think about suppressing rain.”<br /><br />By deploying <keyword id="20644540" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cloud-seeding" source="keywords">cloud seeding</keyword> techniques alongside AI-driven weather prediction tools like "Mausam GPT," the mission seeks to significantly improve India’s ability to manage extreme weather conditions. A key aspect of the plan involves building a robust system of advanced radars, supercomputers, satellites with high-performance sensors, and GIS-based decision support systems. This cutting-edge tech is expected to boost India’s short- and medium-range weather forecasting accuracy by 5-10%, ensuring no event — such as cloudbursts — goes undetected.<br /><div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="113251187" title="India braces for an intensely harsh winter as La Niña takes hold" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>India is not new to weather manipulation efforts. The government has been running pilot projects, such as the Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX) in Maharashtra, to study cloud properties and enhance rainfall.<br /><h2>Why is weather manipulation necessary and is it safe?</h2>Extreme weather events in India, like deadly floods, droughts, and hailstorms, have noticeably increased in frequency due to <keyword id="19907392" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="climate-change" source="keywords">climate change</keyword>. Mission Mausam could potentially give India an edge in combating these disasters. For example, imagine preventing a flood by suppressing rain or creating artificial rain during a drought. India’s investment of Rs 2,000 crore over two years certainly reflects the seriousness of the mission, which is expected to expand further as research progresses.<br /><br />However, weather modification, including cloud seeding, is not without controversy. Globally, cloud seeding has had limited success, with countries like the US, Russia, and China also experimenting with these methods but facing inconsistent results. Even former MoES Secretary Madhavan Rajeevan has noted that “the technology is complex” and still in its developmental stages.<br /><div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="112825937" title="Shivaji Maharaj Statue collapse: Identifying 5 reasons behind the accident" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>Further, the potential downsides can't be ignored. While controlling the weather could save lives, meddling with natural processes is risky. Weather manipulation might have unintended ecological consequences, like shifting rainfall patterns that could harm ecosystems and agriculture. It may also pose geopolitical risks, as neighbouring countries could accuse India of altering weather systems that affect their own climates.<br /><br />Ultimately, while the idea of managing the weather may seem appealing, it opens up a Pandora’s box of environmental and ethical challenges that need careful consideration.<br />

The Indian government is taking steps to control rainfall and weather within five years — is it too risky of a move?

As the monsoon rains refreshes <keyword id="19895063" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="India" source="keywords">India</keyword> while the nation cheers on its athletes in the ongoing Olympics, the skies above promise another natural spectacle that will captivate <keyword id="20400403" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="stargazers" source="keywords">stargazers</keyword>. This month, India will witness a rare <keyword id="20400402" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="celestial-event" source="keywords">celestial event</keyword>: a "double" <keyword id="21521139" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="meteor-shower" source="keywords">meteor shower</keyword> featuring both the <keyword id="22559089" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Alpha-Capricornids" source="keywords">Alpha Capricornids</keyword> and the <keyword id="22406564" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Southern-Delta-Aquariids" source="keywords">Southern Delta Aquariids</keyword>, peaking within 24 hours of each other.<br /><br />Meteor showers occur when Earth’s orbit intersects the path of a <keyword id="20023122" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="comet" source="keywords">comet</keyword>, causing rocky debris to burn up in our atmosphere. This month, Earth will pass through the orbits of comet 96P/Machholz and comet 169P/NEAT, giving rise to the Southern Delta Aquariids and Alpha Capricornids respectively. The Southern Delta Aquariids will peak on July 29-30, while the Alpha Capricornids will peak on July 30-31.<br /><br />Nicholas Moskovitz, a planetary <keyword id="22128353" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="astronomer" source="keywords">astronomer</keyword> at Lowell Observatory, notes that such close peaks of two meteor showers are "a little bit unusual" but not entirely uncommon. Observing them helps scientists understand comet behaviours and predict future meteor showers, which is crucial for the safety of spacecraft.<br /><h2>Visibility in India</h2>Both meteor showers are expected to be visible in India, particularly in the southern regions and areas away from urban light pollution. For the best viewing experience, find a dark site, ideally in rural areas or hill stations. The Southern Delta Aquariids will produce around 20-25 meteors per hour at their peak, appearing as faint streaks that require dark skies to be seen. The Alpha Capricornids, while less frequent at about 5 meteors per hour, are known for their bright fireballs, making them more spectacular even in less than ideal conditions.<br /><div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="112016039" title="Forget distant fly-bys of giant rocks—this plane-sized asteroid will come within 1.7 million km of Earth this week!" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>To catch these celestial wonders, it’s recommended to watch the sky between midnight and dawn. Make sure to find a dark spot away from city lights, stay off devices to allow your eyes to acclimate to the dark. Be patient, lie back and scan the sky, focusing on areas away from the moon. It would also be wise to check the local weather forecast to ensure clear skies before heading out for any stargazing.<br /><br />Both showers will be most visible if you look towards the southern horizon. The meteors will appear to radiate from the constellations Aquarius (for the Southern Delta Aquariids) and Capricornus (for the Alpha Capricornids), but you should look away from these radiant points to see longer meteors streaking across the sky.<br /><div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111730212" title="Bengaluru-based Pixxel Space plans to mine asteroids for building settlements in space" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>So, mark your calendars, prepare your night-sky essentials, and get ready to witness a <keyword id="22559088" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="double-meteor-shower" source="Orion">double meteor shower</keyword> that promises to be a highlight of the monsoon season. As athletes from around the globe compete for glory, the night sky will provide a universal display of nature's own fireworks.<br />

India to witness a rare and mesmerising DOUBLE meteor shower on July 30!

The onset of a strong El Niño event led to an unusual winter season, with <keyword id="6355648" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="summer" source="Orion">summer</keyword>-like conditions arriving prematurely as early as February this year. Although the El Niño phenomenon has now moderated and is transitioning towards a neutral phase, the country must prepare for an exceptionally harsh summer ahead.<br /><br />If you've been struggling with the heat already, the news isn't comforting. The <keyword id="19895063" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="india" source="keywords">India</keyword> Meteorological Department (<keyword id="19933636" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="imd" source="keywords">IMD</keyword>) has issued a stark warning for the upcoming summer season spanning from April to June, anticipating scorching temperatures and prolonged heatwaves across most regions of the country.<br /><br />Expect both daytime and nighttime temperatures to remain higher than usual in many areas, except for parts of northeast and northwest India. Extended periods of intense heatwaves are forecasted to affect South, Central, and East India, as well as the northwestern plains, throughout April, May, and June.<br /><br />Moreover, there's a significant likelihood of heatwaves lasting 10-20 days, surpassing the typical duration of 4-8 days. Central and western regions, including Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Odisha, are anticipated to experience the brunt of these extreme heatwaves.<br /><br />In terms of pre-monsoon rainfall, April is expected to see normal rains, with increased precipitation predicted for May and June in Northwest, Central, North Peninsular, East, and Northeast India. However, coastal areas in both the East and West, as well as West-central India, can expect below-normal rainfall, offering little relief from the sweltering conditions.<br /><br />Heatwaves pose serious risks, particularly for vulnerable groups such as the elderly, young children, and individuals with health issues, who are more susceptible to heat-related illnesses like heatstroke, heat exhaustion, and dehydration. Additionally, extreme heat can strain power grids, transportation, and other infrastructure. To mitigate these risks, proactive measures such as establishing cooling centres, issuing heat advisories, and implementing strategies to reduce urban heat buildup are crucial.<br /><br />Furthermore, this period of intense heat coincides with the <keyword id="19895394" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="lok-sabha" source="keywords">Lok Sabha</keyword> elections (April 19th - June 1st), where nearly a billion people are expected to participate. Union Earth Sciences Minister Kiren Rijiju emphasised the need for India to prepare adequately due to its large population and extreme weather conditions. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has issued a <keyword id="6371478" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="heatwave" source="Orion">heatwave</keyword> advisory for the elections, urging electoral bodies to work with states to prevent heat-related incidents during public gatherings.<br /><br />In summary, India is bracing for a challenging summer characterised by above-normal temperatures and prolonged heatwaves. Remaining informed and taking necessary precautions will be vital for navigating this period safely.<br />

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Leonid Meteor Shower at peak: How to watch it in India

BI India Bureau

Wayanad landslides linked to 10% heavier rainfall due to climate change: Study

PTI

The Indian government is taking steps to control rainfall and weather within five years — is it too risky of a move?

Ankush Banerjee

India to witness a rare and mesmerising DOUBLE meteor shower on July 30!

Ankush Banerjee

India in for brutal heatwave conditions from April to June; likely to have sizzling impact on Lok Sabha elections

Ashmita Gupta

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