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India's economic engine is roaring, and the job market reflects that optimism. The latest <keyword id="20613906" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Economic-Survey" source="keywords">Economic Survey</keyword> 2023-2024 paints a picture of a growing economy brimming with opportunities, but also cautions of potential roadblocks on the road to success. <h2>Cause for celebration</h2>The good news is plentiful, if the recent Economic Survey tabled by <keyword id="20426375" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Union-Finance-Minister-Nirmala-Sitharaman" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman">Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman</keyword> is to be believed. The <keyword id="20054242" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="unemployment-rate" source="keywords">unemployment rate</keyword> has dipped to an impressive 3.2% in 2022-23, signifying a more vibrant job market. Increased participation of young people and women in the workforce presents a golden opportunity to leverage India's demographic dividend and achieve greater gender equality. Additionally, a surge in net payroll additions under the Employees' Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) indicates a healthy rise in formal jobs, offering much-needed security for workers. The government's "Skill India" initiative is gaining traction, with a significant rise in the number of people undergoing skill development programs, the Economic Survey highlighted. This is crucial, as India's burgeoning tech scene, with its skyrocketing number of startups, is creating a wealth of new opportunities that demand a skilled workforce. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111920956" title="FM Nirmala Sitharaman tables Economic Survey 2023-24 in Lok Sabha" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> <h2>Challenges on the horizon </h2>However, amidst the optimism, there are challenges to navigate. While <keyword id="107950" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="artificial-intelligence" source="Orion">Artificial Intelligence</keyword> (AI) promises to revolutionise industries, it also poses a threat to some existing jobs. The Economic Survey emphasises the need to use technology for collective benefit, advocating against over-reliance on automation. Another significant hurdle is the widening <keyword id="21466653" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="skills-gap" source="keywords">skills gap</keyword>. The rapid transformation of the <keyword id="20001119" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="services-sector" source="keywords">services sector</keyword>, marked by the rise of domestic service delivery powered by technology (think online food delivery and home automation) and the diversification of India's services exports beyond traditional sectors like IT, demands a workforce equipped with specialised skills. Areas like Blockchain, Machine Learning, <keyword id="19906883" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cybersecurity" source="keywords">Cybersecurity</keyword>, <keyword id="19960489" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cloud-computing" source="keywords">Cloud Computing</keyword>, and Web and Mobile Development are becoming increasingly important. Outdated regulations, particularly those related to land use and restrictions on women's working hours, are further hindering job creation and female labour force participation. Deregulation in these areas is crucial to unlock India's full growth potential, according to the Economic Survey. The report also highlights the need for industry to take the lead in fostering innovation and skill development. Collaboration with academia and revamped vocational education programs are key to bridge the current skill gap. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111922453" title="AI casts huge pall of uncertainty over impact on workers across skill levels: Economic Survey" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div> <h2>Opportunities beyond tech</h2>The Economic Survey identifies promising sectors with the potential to create a significant number of jobs: <ul><li>Agro-processing: This sector can be a major job generator, especially in rural areas.</li><li>Care Economy: The growing demand for elder care and childcare services presents an opportunity for skilled professionals.</li><li>Tourism: While AI might moderate India's services export growth, the report emphasises the importance of the <keyword id="20260982" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="tourism-sector" source="keywords">tourism sector</keyword>, which is relatively less skill-dependent, for employment generation. To capitalise on this opportunity, public policy should focus on enhancing the tourism sector's infrastructure and services.</li></ul><h2>Upskilling for the future</h2>India's job market is on an exciting trajectory. But addressing the skills gap, adapting to technological advancements and promoting innovation is crucial. By upskilling the workforce through government and industry collaboration, India can become a high-value partner in areas like cybersecurity and enterprise management. <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111923191" title="Economic Survey 2024 – industries grow by 9.5%, fueling economic growth to 8.2%" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>

Economic Survey 2023-2024 highlights emerging job trends in AI, Cybersecurity, 3D Printing and Web Development

The Indian <keyword id="21219153" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="employment-market" source="keywords">employment market</keyword> is projected to experience a 6.33% incremental expansion over the first half of FY 2024-25, according to a report by TeamLease. The report highlighted that 56% of employers expect their workforce to grow, 21% anticipate a decline, and 23% believe their workforce size will remain unchanged. The report provided a detailed analysis of the <keyword id="21680463" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Indian-job-market" source="keywords">Indian job market</keyword> across 23 industries and 20 cities. It highlighted workforce expansion trends, emphasizing the impact of <keyword id="20509550" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="economic-conditions" source="keywords">economic conditions</keyword>, organizational dynamics, skill shortages, and <keyword id="20358462" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="technological-advancements" source="keywords">technological advancements</keyword> on hiring strategies. The growth in the employment market is attributed to the favourable economic conditions in the country, including a nearly 7% GDP growth forecast for 2024 by most global rating agencies, which would make India the fastest-growing G-20 nation. Strong investment demand, peaking headline inflation, and a greater emphasis on technology and skills by employers are also key factors. In terms of cities, Delhi, Bangalore, and Hyderabad emerged as the top cities with the highest proportion of employers expanding their workforce sizes. These cities attract businesses due to their established infrastructure, large talent pools, and economic vitality. The consistent preference for these major cities underscores their significance as job concentration hubs, despite the growing trend of expansion into new locations. These urban centres play a strategic role in driving employment growth and economic development in India. The report also noted that nearly two out of five organizations are focusing on bridging skill gaps, highlighting a shift towards a more adaptable and skilled workforce in preparation for technological advancements and new skills. The report said that Generative AI (<keyword id="19949719" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="GenAI" source="keywords">GenAI</keyword>) is particularly noteworthy, as it has the potential to transform key business processes, impacting workforce dynamics and reshaping talent management. In response, 35% of surveyed organizations reported significant changes in their talent acquisition strategies to integrate advanced AI technologies. On the unemployment front, the report stated out that a significant portion of the unemployed workforce, nearly 83%, consists of youth aged 15-29. Over the past two decades, there has been a significant increase in the educational attainment of these unemployed youths. The proportion of those with at least secondary education rose from 35.2% in 2000 to 65.7% in 2022, indicating a rising educational profile among the unemployed. However, the national <keyword id="20054242" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="unemployment-rate" source="keywords">unemployment rate</keyword> has progressively decreased, falling to 3.1% in 2023 from 3.6% in 2022 and 4.2%in 2021. The unemployment rate in urban areas also decreased from 7.2% to 6.5% for persons aged 15 years and above between October-December 2022 and October-December 2023. The <keyword id="19913761" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="gig-economy" source="keywords">gig economy</keyword> in India is experiencing rapid growth, with the number of gig workers projected to rise from 7.7 million in 2020 to 23.5 million by 2029-30, demonstrating a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of almost 12%. The distribution of gig work across skill levels includes 47% in medium-skilled jobs, 22% in high-skilled jobs, and 31% in low-skilled jobs, highlighting the diverse opportunities within this sector. In the media &amp; entertainment industry, digital transformation and changing consumer preferences are driving 48% of employers towards <keyword id="22204807" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="workforce-growth" source="keywords">workforce growth</keyword> in the first half of FY 2024-25. However, the other half of the industry faces turbulence and uncertainty.

Maximum employers expect their workforce to grow in first half FY 2024-25, says Teamlease report

Around the world, all eyes will be on the US <keyword id="19904332" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Federal-Reserve" source="keywords">Federal Reserve</keyword> meeting, which starts today, and will announce changes in <keyword id="19950650" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="interest-rates" source="keywords">interest rates</keyword>, if any, after concluding its two-day meet tomorrow i.e. on 18th September. Most experts are anticipating a 25 basis point <keyword id="19920203" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="rate-cut" source="keywords">rate cut</keyword>, while some suggest a sharper, 50 basis point rate cut might also be possible. According to the <keyword id="19950992" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="CME-FedWatch" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="CME FedWatch" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="CME FedWatch">CME FedWatch</keyword> tool, there is an 85% probability of a 25 basis point rate cut in September. However, the firmer-than-expected core inflation reading will perhaps make it more difficult for Fed chairman <keyword id="20058769" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Jerome-Powell" source="keywords">Jerome Powell</keyword> to justify a 50 basis point cut in September. However, as Gaurav Garg from Lemonn, a trading and investing platform explains, “a bold 50-basis-points (bps) rate cut could ignite optimism leading to weaker dollar and further inflows into emerging markets like India, while a cautious 25 bps move may trigger disappointment, with markets currently pricing increasing odds for a bigger cut”. Historically, a rate cut fuels optimism in the domestic markets, as it reduces corporate borrowing costs and increases consumer spending power. Lower interest rates also implies cheaper borrowing, which is advantageous for homeowners looking for lower mortgage rates. “The reduction in borrowing costs may promote demand in the home market as well as encourage refinancing activity”, says Swapnil Aggarwal, Director, VSRK Capital “However, the market’s reaction will depend on the motivations behind the Fed’s decision. If the rate cut is in response to concerns about a slowing economy or rising unemployment, the positive market effect could be muted. But if the Fed is cutting rates due to low inflation and a stable growth outlook, markets may rally in response to the more favorable borrowing environment”, Agarwal continued. After this, the Fed would convene between November 5-7. Two key employment reports, which are due before the Fed announces its November outcome, are likely to impact this. However, as experts see it, there is a slight leaning towards a 50 basis point rate cut in November, with the probability currently at 52.4%, as per CME FedWatch For December, the likelihood of another 50 basis point rate cut increases significantly, with the probability standing at 80.4%. “Given the higher probability, if November sees only a 25 basis point cut, it is likely that a 50 basis point cut will follow in December”, says Alex Volkov, a market analyst at VT Markets.

Fed meeting starts today, rate cut on the cards. Here’s what experts are saying

<ul><li><keyword id="93845" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="unemployment-rate" source="Orion">Unemployment Rate</keyword> in India has come down to 3.2% in 2022-23 from 4.1% in 2021-22.</li><li>In rural areas, the rate has decreased from 5.3% in 2017-18 to 2.4%.</li><li>The reference period for the <keyword id="159764" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="nsso" source="Orion">NSSO</keyword> data is from July 2022 to June 2023.</li></ul> India's unemployment rate for persons aged 15 years and above was recorded at a six-year low of 3.2% during July 2022-June 2023, as per the Periodic <keyword id="1830313" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Labour-Force-Survey" source="Orion">Labour Force Survey</keyword> Annual Report 2022-2023 released by the National Sample Survey Office. Joblessness or unemployment rate is defined as the percentage of unemployed persons in the labour force. Considering the importance of the availability of labour force data at more frequent time intervals, the NSSO launched the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) in April 2017. The reference period here is from July 2022 to June 2023. The Unemployment Rate (UR) in usual status for persons of age 15 years and above at the all-India level came down to 3.2% in 2022-23 from 4.1% in 2021-22. The UR was 4.2% in 2020-21, 4.8% in 2019-20, 5.8% in 2018-19 and 6% in 2017-18, showed the PLFS data released on Monday. The usual status means that the employment (status of a person) is determined based on the reference period of 365 days preceding the date of the survey. The statement on the data said that 2022-23 refers to the period of July 2022 to June 2023 and likewise for 2021-22, 2020-21, 2019-20, 2018-19 and 2017-18. "In rural areas, UR decreased from 5.3% in 2017-18 to 2.4% in 2022-23 while for urban areas it decreased from 7.7% to 5.4%. The UR for male in India decreased from 6.1% in 2017-18 to 3.3% in 2022-23 and corresponding decrease in UR for females was from 5.6% to 2.9%," it stated. The survey also showed that the Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) in usual status for persons of age 15 years and above increased to 57.9% from 49.8% in 2017-18. The LFPR is defined as the percentage of persons in the labour force -- working or seeking or available for work -- in the population. "In rural areas, LFPR increased from 50.7% in 2017-18 to 60.8% in 2022-23 while for urban areas it increased from 47.6% to 50.4%. The LFPR for male in India increased from 75.8% in 2017-18 to 78.5% in 2022-23 and corresponding increase in LFPR for female was from 23.3% to 37.0%," it stated. The Worker Population Ratio (WPR) in usual status (ps+ss) for persons of age 15 years and above also increased to 56% in 2022-23 from 46.8% in 2017-18. The WPR is defined as the percentage of employed persons in the population. "In rural areas, WPR increased from 48.1% in 2017-18 to 59.4% in 2022-23 while for urban areas it increased from 43.9% to 47.7%. The WPR for male in India increased from 71.2% in 2017-18 to 76.0% in 2022-23 and the corresponding increase in WPR for female was from 22.0% to 35.9%," it stated. Five Annual Reports are brought out on the basis of the data collected in PLFS during July 2017-June 2018, July 2018-June 2019, July 2019-June 2020, July 2020-June 2021 and July 2021-June 2022. Now the sixth annual report has been brought out by the NSSO on the basis of the Periodic Labour Force Survey conducted during July 2022-June 2023. "The field work for the collection of information in respect of the samples, allotted for the period of July 2022-June 2023, was completed timely for the first visit as well as revisit samples, except for 51 first visit and 68 revisit FSUs for the state of Manipur, allotted in the last quarter, April-June 2023, which were treated as casualties, due to disturbed field situation and unavailability of internet services," the report said. (With text input from PTI)

India's unemployment rate dips to a six-year low; rural areas report improvement

<keyword id="19895063" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="India" source="keywords">India</keyword>'s world record beating <keyword id="19900794" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="economic-growth" source="keywords">economic growth</keyword> rate together with robust tax revenues, a fast expanding digital and financial <keyword id="19916864" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="infrastructure" source="keywords">infrastructure</keyword> and a strong manufacturing sector will give the new <keyword id="19900449" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="government" source="keywords">government</keyword> a base for unleashing next generation <keyword id="19900768" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="reforms" source="keywords">reforms</keyword> that may make the country a <keyword id="19953418" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="developed-nation" source="keywords">developed nation</keyword> by 2047. The new government will however have to tackle with problems like unemployment and rural distress, which seemed to have played a major role in voting pattern in states like Uttar Pradesh, while also keeping inflation under control. Given that no party, including BJP, have a clear majority of its own, tough reforms like big ticket privatisation and labour law reforms may take a backseat. As per the available trends, BJP is likely to win about 240 seats in a 543- member <keyword id="19895394" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="lok-sabha" source="keywords">Lok Sabha</keyword>. It would have to rely on its allies like TDP and JDU to form the next government. The new government will have to build upon the 8.2 per cent <keyword id="19972825" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="GDP-growth" source="keywords">GDP growth</keyword> recorded in 2023-24 and carry on with the reforms to make India a USD 5 trillion economy in the next couple of years and a developed nation by 2047. Policy experts are unanimous in their view that the government is likely to continue its focus on infrastructure-led growth, investor-friendly policies, enabling reforms, and facilitating ease of doing business. Last week, <keyword id="20070868" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="SP-Global-Ratings" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="S&amp;P Global Ratings" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="S&amp;P Global Ratings">S&amp;P Global Ratings</keyword> had said that historically India has been on a high growth path with national consensus on key economic policies. "No matter who the incoming government is, the pro-growth policies, sustained infrastructure investments, the drive to reduce fiscal deficit -- these things have produced very good outcomes and we believe this will continue in the coming years no matter who is in charge," S&amp;P Global Ratings Analyst YeeFarn Phua said. EY India Chief policy advisor DK Srivastava said the Aatmanirbhar strategy, especially focusing on knowledge intensive employment generating and strategic manufacturing, will serve India well in the long run while providing scope for increasing both services and goods exports. "The new government will find a solid foundation of the economy, ready to take off with the objective of fulfilling India's aim of becoming 'viksit' in the next 25 years," Srivastava said. Under the Modi government's 10-year tenure India has become the fifth largest economy, from 11th globally, shaking off its image as a "fragile" economy prior to 2014. The new government will have its eyes set on taking India among the top three economies in the world. The target is "more likely" to be realised by 2027-28 fiscal, according to 16th Finance Commission Chairman Arvind Panagariya. Currently, the size of the Indian economy is USD 3.7 trillion and it is expected to become USD 7 trillion by 2030. RBI has projected a 7 per cent growth rate for the current fiscal. Deloitte South Asia CEO Romal Shetty said India is firmly on the growth trajectory as the world's fastest-growing economy and a key player in the global supply chain. "With the new government, we expect second-generation reforms driven by technology to make India a global hub of innovation and a thriving digital economy. We must further accelerate reforms to strengthen ease of doing business, boost inbound investment, and solidify India's position as the top destination for GCCs (global capability centres) and high-tech manufacturing, with a focus on jobs," Shetty said. In fact, reflecting the buoyant sentiments S&amp;P Global Ratings last week upgraded India's outlook to positive, from stable, and said it could upgrade India's sovereign rating in next 1-2 years if the government continues reforms and adheres to the path of fiscal consolidation. Last week, Moody's Ratings also said it expects policy continuity after the general election and continued focus on infrastructure development. Nangia Andersen India Chairman Rakesh Nangia said the investors' community expects continued policy reforms, particularly in labour laws and the privatization of state-owned enterprises. "Investors are also keen on prudent fiscal management, focusing on reducing the fiscal deficit while promoting growth through strategic investments. This combination of reforms and fiscal discipline is expected to create a favourable environment for sustained economic growth and increased investor confidence," Nangia said. Nangia further said that investors are also eager to see a further simplification of India's regulatory framework, more transparent and predictable policies that can enhance the ease of doing business. "This regulatory clarity is crucial for attracting more Foreign Direct Investment (<keyword id="19946824" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="FDI" source="keywords">FDI</keyword>) and positioning India as a key manufacturing hub driven by supply chain diversification. In recent years, there has been substantial FDI inflow into sectors such as manufacturing, computer services, and renewable energy, reflecting India's growing appeal as a destination for global investment," Nangia said.

New govt to inherit strong economy, focus on making India developed nation by 2047

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The Indian economy has grown strongly under Narendra Modi, whose party is set to win another term.</li><li>India's success has caught the eye of figures including Elon Musk, Jamie Dimon, and Tim Cook.</li></ul>India's powerful economic growth and blossoming middle class under Narendra Modi have caught the eye of corporate titans like Elon Musk, Jamie Dimon, and Tim Cook.Modi is pretty much a shoo-in for a third term as prime minister after the national election now underway ends on June 1. But the work starts there, as he'll have to navigate thorny issues such as youth unemployment, income inequality, and reliance on sanctioned Russian oil.<h2>Fueling growth and shaking hands</h2>India's economy has more than doubled in size during Modi's decade in charge to more than $3.7 trillion last year.The International Monetary Fund (IMF) <a target="_blank" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2024/04/29/asias-growth-and-inflation-outlook-improves-but-risks-remain">recently upgraded</a> its growth forecast for real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to a robust 7.8% this year, 6.8% in 2025, and 6.5% in 2026.India has already overtaken Britain to become the world's fifth-largest economy. It's on track to leapfrog Japan and Germany into third spot behind the US and China by 2027.The country's flagship stock index has also tripled in value since Modi took office in May 2014, thanks to wealth gains and growing investment appetites.Moreover, <a target="_blank" href="https://sbi.co.in/documents/13958/36530824/270224-HCES_Feb24.pdf">one estimate</a> puts the percentage of the Indian population living on less than $2.15 a day at below 5%, down from 12% in 2011. However, the <a target="_blank" href="https://pip.worldbank.org/country-profiles/IND">World Bank</a> pegged that figure at nearly 13% in 2021.India's middle class has also ballooned with 60 million people now earning the rupee equivalent of more $10,000 a year — about $37,200 once adjusted for <a target="_blank" href="https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/profile/IND">purchasing power</a>. Goldman Sachs <a target="_blank" href="https://www.goldmansachs.com/intelligence/pages/indias-affluent-population-is-likely-to-hit-100-million-by-2027.html">expects</a> the ranks of the relatively affluent to swell to 100 million by 2027."Modi has done an unbelievable job in India," JPMorgan's Dimon <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jpmorgan-jamie-dimon-economy-inflation-recession-stagflation-geopolitics-crypto-bitcoin-2024-4">told</a> the Economic Club of New York last month. "I know the liberal press here, they beat the hell out of him. He's taken 400 million people out of poverty."Musk has <a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1781541775183610310">posted</a> on X that he's looking forward to visiting India and meeting Modi this year. He delayed his trip last month, blaming "very heavy Tesla obligations." The pair are expected to discuss Tesla building a multibillion-dollar factory in the country.As for Apple's Cook, he hailed India on a November earnings call as an "incredibly exciting market" and a "<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/apple-tim-cook-obsessed-india-consumers-iphone-2023-7">major focus of ours</a>" given the explosive growth in potential customers as locals get richer.<div type="image" title="Sundar Pichai, Tim Cook, Narendra Modi, Joe Biden" height="3907" width="5861" msid="109838230" hostid="261" sizebytes="846512"></div>Modi has also met with Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang, Microsoft boss Satya Nadella, and Alphabet's Sundar Pichai. He's likely to be seeking to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) in India — and to capitalize on bosses' <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-china-relations-reshoring-manufacturing-jobs-made-in-america-2023-10">desire to hedge their bets on China</a> given its strained relationship with the US, economic woes, and how disruptive its strict pandemic lockdowns were to global supply chains."India's population and economic growth numbers are causing a lot of global executives to revisit their India presence and consider scaling up," Richard Rossow, a senior advisor and chair in US-India Policy Studies at the Center for Strategic &amp; International Studies, told Business Insider."Paired with increased concerns about supply chain resilience and security concerns about China, it's a very good time for a hard push to win investments."The United Nations said that India and China both had a population of 1.426 billion in April last year, meaning India is probably now the most populous given its rising birth rate.<h2>Change for the better — mostly</h2>Modi has instigated a raft of major economic reforms since taking office, intended to make India more business-friendly, and boost government revenues by taxing more of the country's vast informal economy.He rolled out a tax on goods and services, simplified bankruptcy laws, lifted FDI restrictions, cut corporate income tax, and ended retrospective taxation.However, not all of Modi's moves spurred growth."Demonetisation was a key economic policy which had negative effects on the economy," Kunal Sen, a director of the United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics, told BI.Sen is the author of several books about India's economy and a professor of development economics at the University of Manchester.He was referring to Modi's sudden declaration in November 2016 that all 500 and 1,000-rupee bills — 86% of Indian currency in circulation — would <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/india-ending-500-and-1000-rupee-bills-to-fight-corruption-2016-11">no longer be accepted as legal tender</a>.The government's goals were to capture undeclared income, get rid of counterfeit currency, broaden the tax base, and bring more activities into the formal economy."The other key economic policy was JAM — the trinity of bank accounts for the poor, mobile numbers and a biometric card. This last economic policy has been revolutionary," Sen said.He was hailing a broader digitization drive under Modi that has <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/how-indias-digital-payments-ecosystem-has-evolved-in-the-last-one-year/slidelist/90595832.cms">transformed</a> how Indians bank, invest, pay their taxes, and conduct business.<h2>Prosperity for all</h2>Modi's efforts have helped to usher in a more prosperous era for some Indians, but many have been left behind.Young people are India's beating heart, with about half its population under 25 and almost two-thirds under 35. Matching those hundreds of millions of people with jobs has proven a challenge, with youth unemployment almost tripling from below 6% in 2000 to about 18% in 2019. It still stands at a hefty 10% in 2023, per the <a target="_blank" href="https://webapps.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/---sro-new_delhi/documents/publication/wcms_921154.pdf">International Labor Organization</a>.The report found that nearly 30% of India's graduates were unemployed in 2022, and only about 10% of the working-age population was formally employed.<div type="image" title="A farmer uses oxen to plow fields for lentils in Nimaj, Rajasthan, northern India." height="3464" width="5196" msid="109838232" hostid="261" sizebytes="690700"></div>"Unemployment is a big issue," Rossow said, emphasizing this isn't just a problem with recent graduates but a "much, much larger bubble: the underemployed farm laborers."Rising agricultural productivity is likely to help farm workers make a faster transition to city life in the years ahead, but they'll struggle to secure modern jobs in the services industry "without significant reskilling and education," Rossow said.As a result, lower-skilled manufacturing and assembly jobs and lower-end services jobs will be needed, he added.Another major challenge will be tackling a widening wealth divide. The richest 10% of the population hold more than 72% of the nation's wealth, per an Oxfam report <a target="_blank" href="https://d1ns4ht6ytuzzo.cloudfront.net/oxfamdata/oxfamdatapublic/2023-01/India%20Supplement%202023_digital.pdf?">published</a> last year.Business tycoons Mukesh Ambani and Gautam Adani both rank among the world's 15 richest people, per the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/">Bloomberg Billionaires Index</a>. Luxury-goods sales are booming with <a target="_blank" href="https://www.carwale.com/news/mercedesbenz-lineups-waiting-period-reduced-in-india/">long waitlists</a> for flashy purchases like the Mercedes "G Wagon."<div type="image" title="The Ambani family onstage with Rihanna." height="854" width="1280" msid="109838233" hostid="261" sizebytes="99148"></div>The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/anant-ambani-pre-wedding-festivities-lack-empathy-india-radhika-merchant-2024-3">lavish pre-wedding party</a> thrown by the Ambani family earlier this year was singled out by some as an affront to the huge number of Indians living in poverty.Almost 1.3 billion people live on less than $3,500 a year by one estimate, and India ranks 111th on the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.globalhungerindex.org/ranking.html">Global Hunger Index</a>, below even North Korea.Rising equality is partly explained by a "capital-intensive mode of economic growth along with increasing power of business conglomerates," Sen told BI, referring to how huge companies like the Adani Group secure huge government contracts to build ports, bridges, highways, and other infrastructure.A third challenge is regional inequality, as some states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh haven't experienced the same growth and modernization of their economies as others, Rossow said.<h2>The Russia riddle</h2>One striking aspect of Modi's economic boom has been its reliance on Russia since it invaded Ukraine in early 2022.India went from getting 2% of its crude oil from Russia before the war, to 35% last year. During that period, the US and Europe slapped sanctions on Russian oil to defund Putin's military machine and punish Moscow for attacking a sovereign nation.Despite that, India purchased an estimated $37 billion of Moscow's oil in 2023 — 13 times the amount it bought annually prior to the conflict. Its buying helped Russia rake in a <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/commodities/russia-economy-oil-sales-india-ukraine-war-moscow-western-sanctions-2024-2">record $320 billion</a> of federal revenue last year.Indian demand for Russian oil has <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/commodities/russia-oil-trade-crude-india-discount-barrel-sanctions-price-cap-2024-2">cooled</a> in recent months as new sanctions have made it <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/commodities/russia-economy-oil-energy-exports-india-imports-revenue-sanctions-discount-2024-3">more expensive</a>, but the buying remains controversial.Officials in India have <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/commodities/crude-oil-prices-india-russia-trade-geopolitics-opec-supply-puri-2024-2">defended</a> the purchases, saying that if they'd bought Middle Eastern oil instead, global crude prices would have shot up.India is also one of the world's largest oil refiners and has helped Western nations to maintain access to refined petroleum products even as they're refraining from buying Russian crude directly.Yet the country imports 85% of its oil, so its overriding interest is securing the cheapest oil possible to support its development, said Neelima Jain, a senior fellow and chair in US India Policy Studies at CSIS."India will continue to buy Russian oil if the price remains favorable and allows for firm volume guarantees, as the country prioritizes energy affordability and accessibility during its rapid rural-to-urban transition, which has led to a 6% year-on-year growth in energy demand," she told BI."In an inflationary environment, economics [rather] than geopolitics will drive India's energy choices."<div type="image" title="Narendra Modi and Vladimir Putin" height="3196" width="4714" msid="109838234" hostid="261" sizebytes="426292"></div><h2>India the IT hub</h2>Under Modi, India has made big strides in modernizing its economy, combating bureaucracy, and appealing to foreign investors.Big Tech stalwarts like Microsoft have a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/microsoft-has-so-many-patents-its-outsourced-the-job-to-india-2013-5">long history</a> of outsourcing to India, but recent efforts to cut red tape and slash corporate taxes appear to have fueled fresh interest.Sweeping layoffs at Alphabet, Amazon, Meta, Salesforce and other US tech titans in the past few years could presage a large exodus of jobs to India.Sanjay Shetty of Randstad India <a target="_blank" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/technology/outsourcing-hubs-like-india-to-bag-40-of-jobs-lost-to-layoffs/articleshow/101088673.cms?">told The Economic Times</a> last summer that he expected 30% to 40% of the tech jobs eliminated globally to move to India by 2025."India is going to be the biggest gainer in the medium to long term, as almost every company that we speak to is looking at expanding its India base," Shetty said.Even if that pans out, it won't be a panacea for a country facing not just unemployment and underemployment, but also stark income inequality, regional disparities, and the risk of alienating Western allies by continuing to buy Russian oil.Yet overall, India appears to be headed in the right direction."The growth is real, if focused on a few key states," Rossow said. "India's dynamic technology services sector is to IT services what China is to manufacturing. So there is much to cheer, even as the reform agenda seems to never end."

Tech titans love Modi's economic powerhouse India — despite mass unemployment and abject poverty 

New Delhi [India], May 17 (ANI): The <keyword id="19997196" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="growth-rate" source="keywords">growth rate</keyword> of the <keyword id="20130581" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="world-economy" source="keywords">world economy</keyword> is expected to remain around 2.7 per cent in 2024, and 2.8 per cent in 2025, according to the World Economic Situation and Prospects report released by the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of <keyword id="19896118" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="United-Nations" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="United Nations" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="United Nations">United Nations</keyword>. The report added that global <keyword id="20280619" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="economic-prospects" source="keywords">economic prospects</keyword> have improved since January, with major economies avoiding a severe downturn, bringing down inflation without increasing unemployment. The current projections are up by 0.3 percentage points from the January forecast for the year 2024 and 0.1 percentage points for the next year, 2025. However, the <keyword id="19984748" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="UN-report" source="keywords">UN report</keyword> kept the world growth outlook in the cautiously optimistic category. The world body added that higher-for-longer interest rates, debt sustainability challenges, continuing geopolitical tensions and ever-worsening climate risks continue to pose challenges to growth, threatening decades of development gains, especially for least developed countries and small island developing States. The upward revisions mainly reflect a better outlook in the United States, where the latest forecast points to 2.3 per cent growth in 2024, and several large emerging economies, notably Brazil, India and the Russian Federation. The outlook for China registers a small uptick, with growth now expected to be 4.8 per cent in 2024, the report observed. On the other hand, it highlighted that the <keyword id="20256152" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="economic-outlook" source="keywords">economic outlook</keyword> for Africa has deteriorated since the last release, with expected growth lowered by 0.2 percentage points for 2024, threatening adverse impacts for many of the world's poor. On average, global growth in the coming years is expected to remain below the average of 3.2 per cent during 2010-2019. Going ahead, the report added that the softening international commodity prices and tight monetary stances adopted by most central banks have set the <keyword id="19916878" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="global-economy" source="keywords">global economy</keyword> on a disinflationary path, several <keyword id="20363245" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="developing-economies" source="keywords">developing economies</keyword> continue to grapple with stubbornly high inflation. Many developing economies also face challenges such as elevated borrowing costs, persistent exchange rate pressures, and lingering political instability. The stagnant employment situation in developing economies contrasts with that of developed economies, particularly in North America, Europe and Japan, where unemployment rates remain near record lows. Furthermore, the near-term outlook for certain economies is clouded by the potential intensification of geopolitical tensions and multiple conflicts across the world. In the wake of the growing use of minerals in electric vehicles and semiconductor components, the report highlighted that the energy transition can also be an opportunity for achieving the <keyword id="19950641" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Sustainable-Development-Goals" source="keywords">Sustainable Development Goals</keyword> in many developing countries. "Countries endowed with critical mineral resources will, however, need smart policies, as well as effective implementation capacities to reap the benefits and avoid a renewed 'resource curse'," the report underscored.

Global economy to grow 2.7% in 2024 as major economies avoid severe downturn: UN report

Indias urban unemployment rate improved remarkably in the April-June quarter, revealed the <keyword id="7734679" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="national-statistical-office" source="Orion">National Statistical Office</keyword>. It dipped to 7.6 per cent during the April-June quarter from 12.6 per cent during the corresponding quarter a year ago. It is a clear indication that the country's economy is coming out the grip of Covid-induced slowdown. India's urban unemployment rate improved across genders and age groups to its best-ever level in the quarter ending June 2022.India's headline urban unemployment rate was 7.6 per cent in the quarter ending June, compared to 8.2 per cent in the quarter ending March, 12.7 per cent in the June quarter of 2021-22, and 8.9 per cent in the June quarter of 2019-20. Joblessness was high in April-June 2021 mainly due to the staggering impact of Covid-related restrictions in the country. The 15th <keyword id="3429286" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="periodic-labour-force-survey" source="Orion">Periodic Labour Force Survey</keyword> (<keyword id="1697741" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="plfs" source="Orion">PLFS</keyword>) showed that the unemployment rate among females (aged 15 years and above) in urban areas declined to 9.5 per cent in April-June, 2022 from 14.3 per cent a year ago. It was 10.1 per cent in January-March, 2022.Among males, the unemployment rate in urban areas dipped to 7.1 per cent in April-June 2022 compared to 12.2 per cent a year ago. It was 7.7 per cent in January-March 2022. Since some kinds of jobs, like those in agriculture, are seasonal in nature, unemployment rate comparisons are best made for the same quarter across years. However, the remarkable improvement in this rate can be seen from the fact that it is the lowest rate since the quarter ending June 2018, the first quarter for which the quarterly bulletins have data, revealed media reports. That the improvement in unemployment rate was not lopsided can be seen from the fact that it improved across groups. The quarterly bulletin gives a breakup of unemployment rate by gender and by three age groups: all ages, 15-29 years, and 15 years and above. Unemployment rates for all these groups was the best in the quarter ending June, media reports said. Similarly, at 37.2 per cent, the labour force participation rate (<keyword id="4279410" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="lfpr" source="Orion">LFPR</keyword>) - or the share of population working or seeking work - in the first quarter of the current financial year was the highest for this quarter for any year since 2018-19 and 10 basis points (100th of a percentage point) higher than in the first quarter of last year. While LFPR was not at its best level in the quarterly bulletin's history like the unemployment rate, it is enough for it to be best for the June quarter because of the seasonality factor. The broad industry-wise breakup of workers further showed that employment prospects also improved. The share of workers in agriculture, secondary sector (which includes sectors like manufacturing and mining), and tertiary sector (comprises services) was 5.7 per cent, 34 per cent and 60.3 per cent, respectively. The share in agriculture is an improvement over the June quarters of FY 2021-22 and FY 2020-21, both affected by lockdowns, but not over FY 2019-20, when only 4.9 per cent were in agriculture. The share in tertiary sector was similarly a higher 62 per cent in FY 2019-20, a clear sign that though people are seeking and finding jobs with the pandemic under control, they may not be earning as much as they did before the pandemic. These signs will be confirmed or rejected when the unit-level data becomes available, the report stated. Labour force refers to the part of the population which supplies or offers to supply labour for pursuing economic activities for the production of goods and services and, therefore, includes both employed and unemployed persons. The NSO launched PLFS in April 2017. On the basis of PLFS, a quarterly bulletin is brought out giving estimates of labour force indicators namely unemployment rate, worker population ratio (<keyword id="1966243" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="wpr" source="Orion">WPR</keyword>), labour force participation rate (LFPR), distribution of workers by broad status in employment and industry of work in Current Weekly Status. SEE ALSO : <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/gromo-raises-11-million-plans-to-double-headcount-in-6-12-months/articleshow/94031705.cms">GroMo raises $11 million, plans to double headcount in 6-12 months</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/dreamfolks-services-beats-grey-market-expectations-lists-at-a-55-premium/articleshow/94017839.cms">DreamFolks Services stock slips 8% from its listing price</a>

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Economic Survey 2023-2024 highlights emerging job trends in AI, Cybersecurity, 3D Printing and Web Development

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Maximum employers expect their workforce to grow in first half FY 2024-25, says Teamlease report

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India's unemployment rate dips to a six-year low; rural areas report improvement

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Tech titans love Modi's economic powerhouse India — despite mass unemployment and abject poverty

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Global economy to grow 2.7% in 2024 as major economies avoid severe downturn: UN report

ANI

India's urban unemployment rate dips to 7.6% in the April-June quarter

IANS

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