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<keyword id="6357147" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="tata-steel" source="Orion">Tata Steel</keyword> has partnered with <keyword id="87" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="germany" source="Orion">Germany</keyword>'s SMS group to explore development of low carbon steel making process. As part of the MoU, both companies shall undertake further technical discussions and initiate actions for conducting Joint Industrial Demonstration of the EASyMelt technology developed by SMS group, Tata Steel said in a statement. "The demonstration will be executed at <keyword id="17711230" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="e-blast-furnace" source="Orion">E Blast Furnace</keyword> in Tata Steel's Jamshedpur plant with an objective to reduce CO2 emission by more than 50 per cent from blast furnace's baseline operation," it said. The EASyMelt (electric-assisted syngas smelter) technology is an iron-making solution that can be implemented in existing integrated steel plants to accelerate decarbonisation. <keyword id="1441007" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="t-v-narendran" source="Orion">T V Narendran</keyword>, CEO &amp; MD, Tata Steel, said "We actively look for solutions to facilitate the transition to green steel production, and thus contribute to a sustainable future. Further, <keyword id="3658" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="india" source="Orion">India</keyword> being the second largest steel producer in the world also places a huge responsibility on large manufacturers like Tata Steel to lead the country's decarbonisation journey." Tata Steel intends to take this association ahead with a deeper collaboration to access better technologies and processes to reduce the carbon footprint in a meaningful and consistent way, he said. Tata Steel is prioritising decarbonisation and has set a goal of achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2045. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/google-bard-cool-things-you-can-do-with-the-ai-chatbot/articleshow/101012445.cms">Google Bard: Cool things you can do with the AI chatbot</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/auto/ev-stocks-on-the-radar-these-five-rode-the-electric-vehicle-rally-in-the-last-year/slidelist/101011986.cms">EV stocks on the radar – These five rode the electric vehicle rally in the last year</a>

Tata Steel, Germany's SMS group to explore low carbon steel making technology

<ul class="summary-list"><li>US Steel's plant in Gary, Indiana, aims to deploy carbon capture to reduce its carbon footprint by 2026.</li><li>The technology will capture 0.5% of the steel mill's carbon dioxide emissions.</li></ul>A more-than-century-old steel mill in Gary, Indiana, plans to be a testing ground for a controversial <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/modularity-reshaping-climate-tech-and-infrastructure-startups-2024-2">climate technology</a>.<a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-first-commercial-carbon-capture-facility-opens-2023-11">Carbon capture</a> is coming to US Steel's GaryWorks plant on the south shore of Lake Michigan, which churns out the steel that shapes modern life, from buildings and bridges to cars and wind turbines.All that production comes with an environmental cost. GaryWorks is Indiana's <a target="_blank" href="https://www.epa.gov/ghgreporting/ghgrp-state-and-tribal-fact-sheet">largest polluter of carbon dioxide</a>, federal data shows. US Steel said it can cut those emissions by about 0.5% a year by 2026 using technology from the company CarbonFree. If completed, the project would be the first commercial carbon capture at a steel plant."It's progress, not perfection," Erika Chan, US Steel's head of sustainability, told Business Insider. "We're excited about the possibilities and potential."That potential is up for debate. Many climate advocates and some researchers warn that carbon capture is an unproven distraction from other solutions that could rid steelmaking of a lot more fossil fuels and unhealthy pollutants. But those solutions are also in the early stages of development, and backers of carbon capture say curbing some emissions now is better than none at all.There's a lot at stake in the race to clean up steelmaking. Globally, the industry accounts for 8% of emissions. It's also one <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/decarbonize-steel-green-uk-scientists-how-to-cut-pollution-steel-2023-2">of the hardest to make green</a> because it requires a lot of power, heat, and coal and iron ore in most cases. Governments and companies are now pouring billions of dollars into projects trying to solve the problem.For its part, CarbonFree will spend about $150 million to build out its technology at GaryWorks, according to CEO Martin Keighley. He said his company can earn "strong returns" by selling calcium carbonate, a substance made from the captured carbon and other chemicals, to manufacturers of paint, paper, plastic, and pharmaceuticals. Once operational, CarbonFree can also claim about $3 million a year in federal tax breaks.<div type="image" title="A 3D rendering of CarbonFree's carbon capture technology at US Steel's plant in Gary, Indiana." height="2160" width="3840" msid="109035511" hostid="261" sizebytes="165578"></div>Keighley said an outside firm is vetting the carbon capture project at GaryWorks to verify that it will reduce emissions, even though a small amount of gas will be used to power the system.The company — which <a target="_blank" href="https://www.bp.com/en_us/united-states/home/news/press-releases/carbonfree-and-bp-collaborate-to-help-bring-carbon-capture-and-utilization-technology-to-industrial-sites-around-the-world.html">counts BP among its investors</a> — won't sell the captured carbon from GaryWorks for use in oil and gas production, Keighley added.Most of the carbon captured at industrial sites today is piped to oil fields and injected back underground to squeeze out more oil, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.epa.gov/ghgreporting/supply-underground-injection-and-geologic-sequestration-carbon-dioxide">according to the EPA</a>. This fuels climate advocates' complaints that the technology will extend the life of the industry most responsible for the climate crisis.<h2>'Small drop in a very big bucket'</h2>Ben Inskeep, the program director of Citizens Action Coalition of Indiana, told BI that even if emissions reductions are realized at GaryWorks, it will be "a small drop in a very big bucket.""It's not a viable pathway to decarbonize GaryWorks," Inskeep said of carbon capture. "A lot of really terrible pollution will continue and this carbon capture project won't address the magnitude of the problem."Aside from being the top carbon dioxide emitter in Indiana, GaryWorks is also a top producer of other harmful air pollutants like carbon monoxide and particulate matter. The mill is <a target="_blank" href="https://globalenergymonitor.org/projects/global-blast-furnace-tracker/summary-tables/">among just 10 in the country</a> still using blast furnaces — the dirtiest way to make steel because they burn coal and iron ore. The residents of Gary, who are majority Black, <a target="_blank" href="https://grist.org/regulation/epa-crackdown-steel-mill-pollution-gary-indiana-lawsuits/">are suffering from the health effects</a>, Inskeep said."We've been advocating for truly sustainable steel that moves away from the blast furnaces," Inskeep said.Most American steelmakers have switched to cleaner electric-arc furnaces, which melt down scrap metal into new steel. There's also emerging technology that could avoid coal and natural gas altogether by using green hydrogen and renewable electricity — <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/decarbonize-steel-green-uk-scientists-how-to-cut-pollution-steel-2023-2">though it hasn't reached commercial scale</a>.Chan said both of those strategies are included in US Steel's goal to have net-zero emissions by 2050. She noted that US Steel acquired and expanded <a target="_blank" href="https://www.localmemphis.com/article/money/us-steel-mill-east-arkansas-economic-impact/522-7eb9a294-1a0f-4b38-8e04-5b984acd4af1">a site in East Arkansas</a> with electric-arc furnaces that have 70% to 80% lower emissions than blast furnaces.Those projects require a lot of capital, Chan said. CarbonFree's technology doesn't require US Steel to make new investments.Another American steelmaker, Cleveland Cliffs, in March announced it planned to spend about $1.4 billion in Ohio and Pennsylvania to replace a blast furnace with a "hydrogen-ready" plant and electrify other furnaces. The plan is <a target="_blank" href="https://www.clevelandcliffs.com/news/news-releases/detail/629/cleveland-cliffs-selected-to-receive-575-million-in-us">contingent on a potentially half-billion-dollar grant</a> from the Department of Energy.Inskeep said he'd like to see US Steel follow a similar path."These are companies making billions of dollars in profits a year," Inskeep said. "US Steel is in the process of being acquired, potentially. It's very capable of making very large investments."Chan said she couldn't comment on negotiations with Nippon Steel, a Japanese rivaltrying to take over the company. However, both are aligned on making climate action a priority, she added. The deal is under review by national security regulators, although President Joe Biden and The United Steelworkers union have opposed it.Meanwhile, CarbonFree aims to start running its carbon capture system at GaryWorks in 2026 and hopes to expand it over the 20-year agreement."I believe strongly that in the next 20 to 30 years, we will still be releasing Co2 from industrial steel, cement, refineries, and plastic making," Keighley said. "Let's stop those emissions now and do something useful with them."

North America's largest steel mill has a plan to reduce emissions and it's a perfect example of why carbon capture is so controversial 

<keyword id="6357147" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="tata-steel" source="Orion">Tata Steel</keyword> on Tuesday announced the commissioning of a carbon capture unit at its plant in Jamshedpur. The unit can capture five tonnes of carbon per day, the company said. The company did not disclose the financial details of the project. "Tata Steel today (Tuesday) commissioned a five tonnes per day (TPD) carbon capture plant at its Jamshedpur Works, making it the country's first steel company to adopt such a carbon capture technology that extracts carbon dioxide (CO2) directly from the blast furnace gas," Tata Steel said in a statement. Tata Steel will reuse the captured CO2 on site to promote the circular carbon economy, it said. Explaining the process, the company said the carbon capture and utilisation (CCU) facility uses amine-based technology and makes the captured carbon available for onsite reuse. The depleted CO2 gas is sent back to the gas network with increased calorific value. The CCU plant was inaugurated by Tata Steel CEO and MD T V Narendran. Narendran said, "The operational experience gathered from the plant will give us the required data and confidence to establish larger carbon capture plants in future." He added that as the next step, the company aims to establish scaled up facilities of CO2 capture integrated with utilisation avenues. SEE ALSO <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/zomato-co-founder-gaurav-gupta-exits-from-zomato/articleshow/86193568.cms" data-type="tilCustomLink">The sequence of events leading up to the exit of Gaurav Gupta from Zomato</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/lenskart-vision-fund-will-invest-20-million-in-eye-technology-startups/articleshow/86188885.cms">Lenskart is setting aside $20 million for technologies like instant glasses, spectacles for the colourblind and other breakthrough ideas</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/education/news/an-indian-software-icon-says-dont-push-kids-need-not-learn-coding-early/articleshow/86190611.cms">An Indian software icon says kids need not learn coding early</a>

Tata Steel commissions first ever plant in Jamshedpur to capture carbon dioxide

Ranchi, <keyword id="6357147" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="tata-steel" source="Orion">Tata Steel</keyword> sees enough growth opportunities within its existing facilities to actualise an expansion plan to achieve 40 million tonne capacity in <keyword id="3658" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="india" source="Orion">India</keyword> by 2030, almost double of its current capability in the country, CEO and Managing Director <keyword id="1441007" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="t-v-narendran" source="Orion">T V Narendran</keyword> said. The steel giant will continue to hold talks with the UK government over a financial package for operations there, he said. The company has planned capital expenditure to the tune of Rs 12,000 crore for India operations, he said. "In India, basically we want to increase the capacity. We have already around 21 MT. It will be 25 MT soon because the Kalinganagar expansion is going on. We have a few more plans - Neelachal, Kalinganagar and Meramandali or Angul to achieve 40 million tonne capacity by 2030," <keyword id="347545" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="narendran" source="Orion">Narendran</keyword> told PTI in an interview here. There are multiple ongoing projects at various locations in India and the company has "prioritised completion of the 5 MTPA Kalinganagar expansion", he said. The company is in the process of expanding its plant capacity in Odisha's Kalinganagar to 8 MT from 3 MT. "Within nine months of acquisition, we have successfully ramped up (the capacity of) Neelachal Ispat Nigam Ltd to one million tonne on annualised basis," he said. The steel company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary <keyword id="13070787" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="tata-steel-long-products-ltd" source="Orion">Tata Steel Long Products Ltd</keyword>, had completed the acquisition of Odisha-based one million tonne per annum steel mill NINL for a consideration of Rs 12,100 crore in July 2022. On capacity expansion, he said, "Basically the capex (capital expenditure) which you see is Rs 12,000 crore in India. It will be at that level for the next three years at least." In reply to a query, he categorically said that the entire growth plan is based on "organic" expansion, and there is no plan for any "inorganic" growth in the near future. "Within our facilities, we have enough opportunities. We don't need to acquire anything to achieve our growth aspiration," he said. Speaking on the steel major's UK operations, he said there was "status quo" but the company will continue to pursue talks. "On UK operations, there is no further development. We had conversations a couple of months back. They had given us an offer which is below or lower than what we had sought. After that, there is no further development. We will continue to have conversations with them," Narendran said. Tata Steel has sought a financial package of 1.5 billion pounds from the UK government to execute decarbonisation plans at its Port Talbot facility in South Wales under which it will install new plant machinery with low-emission technologies for replacing two blast furnaces, which are nearing the end of life in 12-24 months, and bringing down the carbon footprint. Asked about the future course on projects there, he said it would depend on the outcomes of the dialogue and the financial support from the UK government. The steel major owns a 5-MT facility at Port Talbot, which is the UK's largest steelworks employing around 8,000 people. "Our route and pace of decarbonisation across geographies will be calibrated for each location based on the local regulatory framework, government support and willingness of customers to pay for higher-cost green steel," he said. Tata Steel group is among the top global steel companies with an annual crude steel capacity of 35 million tonne. The group recorded a consolidated turnover of USD 30.3 billion in the financial year ending March 31, 2023. <keyword id="4252143" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="tata-steel-limited" source="Orion">Tata Steel Limited</keyword>, together with its subsidiaries, associates, and joint ventures, is spread across five continents with an employee base of over 65,000. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/govt-to-roll-out-lost-mobile-blocking-tracking-system-pan-india-on-may-17/articleshow/100224875.cms">Govt to roll out lost mobile blocking, tracking system pan-India on May 17</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/markets/news/fpi-bought-equity-worth-rs-18617-crore-in-may/articleshow/100225129.cms">FPI bought equity worth ₹18,617 crore in May</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/telecom/news/pm-modi-wants-us-to-start-building-rd-around-6g-technology-cisco-coo/articleshow/100224961.cms">PM Modi wants us to start building R&amp;D around 6G technology: Cisco COO</a>

Enough growth opportunities within facilities to take capacity to 40 MT in India: Tata Steel CEO

Billionaire <keyword id="19916798" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mukesh-Ambani" source="keywords">Mukesh Ambani</keyword>'s Reliance Industries and <keyword id="19924335" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Tata-Group" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Tata Group" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="Tata Group">Tata Group</keyword> have made it to the prestigious TIME's list of 100 World's Most Influential Companies of 2024. TIME called Reliance 'India's Juggernaut'. This is the second time that Reliance has found its way into the TIME list. Jio Platforms, the firm that holds digital properties of the conglomerate, was included in the inaugural TIME 100 Most Influential Companies List of 2021. Serum Institute is the other Indian company on the list. TIME listed Reliance in the 'Titans' category (one of the five categories under which the companies were divided, other being Leaders, Disrupters, Innovators, and Pioneers). Tata was listed in 'Titan's' category while Serum under 'Pioneers'. "Reliance Industries was founded as a textile and polyester company 58 years ago by Dhirubhai Ambani. Today the sprawling conglomerate -- which has aligned its growth with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision for a 'self-reliant' India -- is the country's most valuable company, with a market capitalisation of more than USD 200 billion," TIME said. Now led by Dhirubhai's son Mukesh, the Mumbai-based company has ventures in energy, retail, and telecommunications, among others, and has made its chairman Asia's richest man, it said. The publication went on to stated that in February, Reliance came out on top in a fiercely competitive race to dominate India's burgeoning streaming market by striking a USD 8.5 billion merger deal with Disney's India business. "The deal will bring together more than 100 television channels and give the combined group around a 31 per cent share of India's streaming market compared to rivals Netflix and Amazon Prime with 8 per cent each," according to analytics firm Comscore. Reliance has revolutionised several economic sectors in the world's most populous country by making world-class products and services available at affordable prices with multiple innovations. Under Mukesh Ambani, the firm's telecom arm Jio revolutionised India's digital landscape and drove digital inclusion on an unprecedented scale with the most affordable mobile data tariffs in the world. It set up the world's largest single location refining complex. Reliance Retail is ranked among the top 100 retailers globally and in FY24 it registered 1.06 billion footfalls across its 18,800+ stores (67 per cent of which are in small towns and villages). Reliance is investing USD 10 billion in building the most comprehensive ecosystem for new energy and new materials in India and has set an ambitious goal to reach net-zero carbon by 2035. TIME described Serum as the world's biggest vaccine maker, churning out billions of vaccines. The company makes 3.5 billion doses every year, including for measles, polio, and most recently, HPV. "Serum's CEO Adar Poonawalla says the company's success can largely be chalked up to its private ownership. Not being beholden to shareholders allows it to keep vaccine prices low (the R21 will cost USD 4 a shot)," the publication said. Tata Group, it said, was founded in 1868 and has a vast portfolio extending from steel, software, watches, subsea cables, and chemicals, to salt, grains, air-conditioners, fashion, and hotels. "But as rivals have aggressively courted new businesses, it struggled to keep up with stiff competition. In 2017, after over a century of family management, N Chandrasekaran took over as chairman despite having no personal ties to the family -- highly unusual when India's business landscape is ruled by family succession plans," TIME said. As chair, he has transformed the group by investing in tech manufacturing, AI, and semiconductor chips. In 2023, it became the first Indian company to assemble iPhones, and is building another plant, it said, adding that in September, Tata announced a partnership with Nvidia to develop an AI cloud in India. "And this year, it announced plans for the country's first major semiconductor manufacturing facility. The moves seem to be paying off: in February, Tata's combined market capitalisation reached a whopping USD 365 billion, more than the entire economy of India's neighbour and rival, Pakistan," it added. This is the fourth edition of annual TIME100 Most Influential Companies list, highlighting companies making an extraordinary impact around the world. To assemble the list, TIME solicited nominations across sectors, and polled its global network of contributors and correspondents, as well as outside experts. Then, TIME editors evaluated each on key factors, including impact, innovation, ambition, and success. The result is a diverse group of 100 businesses helping chart an essential path forward. 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Reliance, Tata on TIME's list of world's most influential companies

<keyword id="6357147" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="tata-steel" source="Orion">Tata Steel</keyword> on Monday said it has started a trial injection of hydrogen gas in a blast furnace at its plant in <keyword id="6355573" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="jamshedpur" source="Orion">Jamshedpur</keyword>, <keyword id="6360371" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="jharkhand" source="Orion">Jharkhand</keyword>. The company has six blast furnaces at its plant in Jamshedpur. "Tata Steel has commenced the trial injection of hydrogen gas using 40 per cent of the injection systems in 'E' blast furnace at Jamshedpur. This is the first time in the world that such a large quantity of hydrogen gas is being continuously injected in a blast furnace," it said in a statement. The trial started on April 23 and is expected to continue for 4-5 days on a continuous basis. It will provide valuable insights into operating blast furnaces with greener fuel injectants, reducing fossil fuel consumption and subsequent CO2 emissions from the blast furnace, the statement said. Tata Steel said the trial has the potential to reduce the coke rate by 10 per cent, translating into around a 7-10 per cent reduction in CO2 emissions per tonne of crude steel produced. "The trial of hydrogen gas injection in a blast furnace at <keyword id="13854067" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="jamshedpur-works" source="Orion">Jamshedpur Works</keyword> is an important milestone in our journey towards net zero emissions. "We are confident that this trial will provide valuable insights into operating blast furnaces with hydrogen and help us identify the next steps towards achieving our goal of a leaner carbon future," <keyword id="169184" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="uttam-singh" source="Orion">Uttam Singh</keyword>, Vice President, Iron Making at Tata Steel, said. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/rils-q4-performance-keeps-brokerages-bullish-on-the-companys-prospects/articleshow/99725935.cms">RIL’s Q4 performance keeps brokerages bullish on the company’s prospects</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/sc-closes-contempt-case-against-lalit-modi-with-a-warning/articleshow/99725774.cms">SC closes contempt case against Lalit Modi with a warning</a>

Tata Steel commences trial use of hydrogen gas in blast furnace at Jamshedpur plant

<ul class="summary-list"><li>UK scientists found a way to clean up blast furnaces, the most carbon-intensive part of steelmaking.</li><li>Steel accounts for up to 9% of global emissions and is one of the most difficult climate challenges.</li></ul>Steel built much of our modern world, but it also racked up a massive carbon footprint along the way. Now, researchers at <a href="https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/news/2023/novel-adaptation-for-existing-blast-furnaces-could-reduce-steelmaking-emissions-by-90" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow sponsored">the University of Birmingham have developed a process</a> to clean up the most carbon-intensive part of the steelmaking process: blast furnaces. Currently, coking coal and iron ore are fed into furnaces and heated to sky-high temperatures to create liquid iron, which is then refined into steel. About <a href="https://worldsteel.org/about-steel/steel-facts/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow sponsored">70% of steel</a> used around the world for buildings, cars, and household appliances is made this way.For every metric ton of steel produced, nearly two metric tons of carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere, <a href="https://worldsteel.org/publications/policy-papers/climate-change-and-the-production-of-iron-and-steel/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow sponsored">according to the World Steel Organization</a>. The industry accounts for up to 9% of global emissions, meaning that if it were a country, it'd be the third-largest emitter behind China and the US.Harriet Kildahl, a co-author of the research by University of Birmingham, told Insider that her team found a way to make steel with 90% less coking coal, which could reduce carbon emissions by a similar percentage. Kildahl described it as a "closed-loop" system that captures and recycles carbon dioxide to trigger the chemical reactions that convert iron ore into steel. A mineral known as perovskite is used to react with carbon dioxide at lower temperatures, she said. The system could be retrofitted onto furnaces. "Some coking coal is used to start up this thermochemical cycle, but from that point on, you would never need to add any more," Kildahl said.The system could be easier and cheaper to adopt than other strategies to decarbonize steel because it repurposes blast furnaces rather than replacing them, Yulong Ding, a co-author of the research, told Insider. His team is searching for industrial partners to build a plant and test the process on a pilot scale. Technologies that don't use fossil fuels for steel production are emerging, though they haven't been proven to work on a commercial scale. The Swedish steelmaker SSAB built a plant that uses green hydrogen from renewable energy and <a href="https://www.ssab.com/en/news/2022/05/ssab-to-deliver-fossilfree-steel-to-volvo-trucks" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow sponsored">delivered a small amount of fossil-free steel to Volvo last year</a>. SSAB aims to reach commercial scale by 2026. Startups like Boston Metal and Electra, <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2022-10-06/how-to-make-emissions-free-iron-at-temperatures-colder-than-coffee" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow sponsored">which are backed by Bill Gates' venture-capital firm and heavy industry</a>, are in the early stages of testing two ways to use electricity to convert iron ore to steel.Yet every strategy has its drawbacks, including the one out of the UK. "I found this very innovative and promising," said Jihye Kim, an assistant professor at the Colorado School of Mines who researches critical mineral extraction from the wasted byproducts from steel production. "But there are a few disadvantages."Kim said the researchers' approach doesn't replace 100% of coke, so other materials like biomass, charcoal, or recycled plastic must be added. Using mostly gas instead of solid coke in the blast furnace also raises questions about its stability at an industrial-sized plant. Extra heat and power might be required, although ideally that could be met with renewables. In the end, different strategies are needed to decarbonize steel, Kim said. "We can use multiple techniques at the same time."

UK scientists found a way to slash nearly 90% of carbon emissions from the country's steel industry

One of the few positive outcomes of the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) is the commitment by major nations to achieve net zero carbon emissions by a certain year. <keyword id="3658" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="india" source="Orion">India</keyword> has also committed to becoming a net zero country by 2070. While some developed nations may have scoffed at this timeline, the reality is that nations with different developmental trajectories cannot (and should not) be treated equally. The major polluters must first walk the talk and then expect others to follow suit. While it is a never-ending blame game between the developed and developing nations, in the interest of humanity and for their own well-being, the nations must do everything within their powers to ensure that they keep their emissions under control. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Policy initiatives in India" comment="subhead" text="Policy initiatives in India">Policy initiatives in India</cmsannotation> India has taken several measures towards climate change adaptation and mitigation. Our statutory framework ensures that air and water pollution is prevented and controlled, forests are conserved and restored, biological diversity is protected, and energy is generated and utilised efficiently to ensure minimal environmental impact. The Government has launched various policy initiatives to work towards its climate change commitments. The national and state action plans on climate change aim at integrating such climate action into their modus operandi. Among national schemes, the Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME-II) focuses on clean mobility and is meant to promote the transition to electric vehicles by providing incentives for manufacturing, adoption and development of associated infrastructure for electric vehicles. Financial assistance is being offered at the central and state levels for developing solar and wind energy projects like solar parks, grid-connected solar rooftops in residential buildings, installing off-grid solar devices and solar-based LED lights. Initiatives like Gujarat Emissions Trading Scheme, Renewable Energy Certificate, Perform, Achieve and Trade (PAT) Scheme are all meant to promote renewables, reduce emissions and achieve energy efficiency at the central and state levels. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Recent impetus to climate action" comment="subhead" text="Recent impetus to climate action">Recent impetus to climate action</cmsannotation> Some important and innovative schemes initiated in India to combat climate change include the India Cooling Action Plan 2019, which aims to reduce direct and indirect emissions from energy-intensive cooling devices like refrigerators, air conditioners, etc. The National Clean Air Program 2019 aims to reduce air pollution and addresses several forms of harmful emissions. The National Hydrogen Mission launched in 2021 aims to help India achieve its climate targets by making India a green hydrogen hub. India is also targeting to increase the usage of alternative fuels to reduce emissions by blending 20% Ethanol in petrol by 2025. Moreover, policies like National Building Code, 2016, Energy Conservation Building Code, 2017, Buildings Energy Efficiency Programme, green energy rating system, star rating programme, etc., seek to promote sustainability in the construction sector by improving energy efficiency, water conservation, waste management, recycling, etc. The union budget for the financial year 2022-23 also announced initiatives for financing climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies through sovereign green bonds, blended finance, etc. <cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="Local and regional climate action" comment="subhead" text="Local and regional climate action">Local and regional climate action</cmsannotation> In addition to the various central government initiatives being implemented across the country, various states are devising their own strategies and plan to combat climate change. States like Gujarat, Odisha, and <keyword id="20154" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="tamil-nadu" source="Orion">Tamil Nadu</keyword> have constituted specific departments and cells to focus on climate change adaptation and mitigation. Kerala has announced a dedicated fund for this purpose and has issued green bonds to invest in climate resilience activities. <keyword id="13126" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="maharashtra" source="Orion">Maharashtra</keyword> has released the Mumbai Climate Action Plan to address climate change impacts in the coastal megacity and achieve net zero emissions by 2050. It is not just the central and state governments but also the corporates are taking active steps to combat climate change. More than sixty Indian companies have announced their net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions targets. Leading Indian companies, including <keyword id="8555" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="tata" source="Orion">Tata</keyword>, Reliance, Mahindra, ITC, Adani Transmission, Arcelor Mittal Nippon Steel, and Dalmia Cement, have voluntarily pledged to move towards carbon neutrality through GHG emissions reduction and energy efficiency. With environmental, social and governance (<keyword id="77363" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="esg" source="Orion">ESG</keyword>) issues gaining prominence and ESG reporting becoming mandatory for the top 1000 companies, almost all major companies are addressing ESG issues to set their house in order and adopt the best practices. Various Indian banks have also incorporated ESG considerations into their lending policies. Therefore, be it the government or the private sector, every stakeholder has realised the importance of climate action and is working to prevent the planetary crisis, which, not to forget, affects almost all living species, including humans. <keyword id="12498063" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="nawneet-vibhaw" source="Orion">Nawneet Vibhaw</keyword> is a <keyword id="6399933" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="partner" source="Orion">Partner</keyword> at Shardul Amarchand Mangaldas &amp; Co. in the Environmental Law practice. This column is part of a year-long (2022-23) campaign on the theme “Only One Earth: Sustaining People, Planet and Prosperity” by Business Insider India’s <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/sustainability">Sustainability Insider</a>. Disclaimer: The opinions expressed by the author/interviewee do not necessarily reflect the views of Business Insider India. The article has been partly edited for length and clarity.

OPINION: Towards a carbon-neutral India — How central, state governments, and corporations are striving to tackle the planetary crisis

By Aditi Khanna London, May 2 () Tata Steel has announced plans to help shape regional efforts in South Wales to decrease carbon emissions, aimed at creating the world's first net-zero industrial cluster. As a leading member of the South Wales Industrial Cluster (SWIC), the Indian steel major said on Friday that its plan could see Tata's integrated steelworks at Port Talbot in the region playing a major role as one of four possible anchor sites. The first phase of SWIC's Roadmap and Deployment project received a significant boost thanks to grant funding of GBP 295,000 from UK Research and Innovation -- a partnership of universities, research organisations, businesses, charities, and government -- with more funding available for future stages. "SWIC presents a key opportunity to support Wales' net zero ambitions by uniting the various decarbonisation programmes in South Wales into a single roadmap for the first time," said Chris Williams, Manager Energy Research at Tata Steel in Europe. "By helping to develop an industrial strategy, which allows companies in Wales to grow while also reducing CO2 emissions, the plan will create new jobs and provide a sustainable industrial base for future generations," he said. The announcement is one of a number of initiatives to help Tata Steel's European business achieve its ambition of becoming carbon neutral by 2050. Phase one of the project will create a plan for a series of local zero-carbon areas to lower emissions, create skilled jobs and enhance well-being across South Wales. If SWIC projects proceed successfully, they will improve the UK's ability to locally manufacture steel products with low carbon emissions, helping to drive the low-carbon future of UK construction and other sectors such as defence, car manufacturing, packaging and even coin production. The SWIC initiatives will also make a vital contribution to the economic resilience of the Welsh economy by bringing in new high-skilled jobs and ensuring operations are sustainable in the long term, Tata Steel said. Key areas for SWIC in the first phase of the project include examining the infrastructure required for the development of the hydrogen economy, for large scale CO2 capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) and transport. Other partners in SWIC include Costain, CR Plus, RWE, Progressive Energy, University of South Wales, Celsa Manufacturing, Tarmac, Valero Energy, Progressive Energy, Capital Law, Flexible Process Consultants the Port of Milford Haven and Vale Europe. Tata Steel is one of Europe's leading steel producers, with steelmaking in the Netherlands and the UK, and manufacturing plants across Europe. The company supplies high-quality steel products across a wide range of sectors, including construction and infrastructure, automotive, packaging and engineering. It is currently said to be in talks with the UK government for support through the coronavirus pandemic lockdown. AK INDIND

Tata Steel says edging towards carbon neutral goal in UK

<div type="image" title="One Planet Banner Test" height="138" width="1100" msid="101402909" hostid="261" sizebytes="5076"></div>Do you remember your very first cellphone?Where is it now? Maybe you passed it on to a friend, traded it in for an upgrade, or sold it. Maybe it's still lurking somewhere in your home, abandoned in a drawer.It takes a lot of resources to make a smartphone. It's estimated that the production of a typical smartphone uses around <a href="https://www.twosides.info/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/mind-your-step-report-76803.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">12,760 liters of water,</a> which is equivalent to around 160 bathtubs full of water. The manufacturing process is energy-intensive, too, with the production of an average smartphone emitting 60 kilograms of carbon dioxide, <a href="https://green-alliance.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Design_for_a_circular_economy.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">according to Green Alliance</a>, an independent think tank focused on environmental policy. It's not just smartphone manufacturing that has a big environmental impact. <a href="https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/sources-greenhouse-gas-emissions" target="_blank" rel="noopener">According to the Environmental Protection Agency,</a> manufacturing is the third-largest contributor to US greenhouse-gas emissions, after transportation and electric power. The sector also accounts for 25% of the nation's energy consumption.More often than not, the products we consume have been made from newly extracted materials. The amount of resources that we extract has <a href="https://www.circularity-gap.world/global" target="_blank" rel="noopener">more than tripled since 1970</a>, with global material consumption totaling <a href="https://www.circularity-gap.world/2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">more than 100 billion tons every year.</a> But while consumption rates have shot up, recycling rates have remained low. Just <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jan/22/worlds-consumption-of-materials-hits-record-100bn-tonnes-a-year" target="_blank" rel="noopener">8.6% of the materials that we consume each year are recycled.</a><h2>Could a circular economy make a difference?</h2>Some industry leaders think there's a solution for cutting down on waste and reducing greenhouse-gas emissions at the same time: the circular economy. Try to visualize it. Right now, we have a linear system. We extract materials, make them into products, use the products, and then dispose of them. The Ellen MacArthur Foundation, a charity committed to creating a circular economy, calls this a <a href="https://ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/topics/circular-economy-introduction/overview" target="_blank" rel="noopener">"take-make-waste" system</a>. Think back to your first cellphone: It's probably at the "waste" stage right now.The idea of a circular economy is to take that "straight line" system and turn it into a closed loop. The basic idea is to keep materials in the loop for as long as possible. Imagine if components from your first cellphone were extracted and used in your current one, or if it was easy to upgrade and repair your first cellphone so you could still use it today.<a href="https://www.circularity-gap.world/global" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Research by the Circularity Gap Reporting Initiative</a> found that only 7.2% of the global economy is currently circular.There are several ways to create a circular economy. It starts with designing products that last as long as possible and are easy to repair. Once a product can no longer be repaired, it can be remanufactured — which is when you disassemble a product and make a new version of the product with used parts. Recycling — when materials are repurposed into a new product and put back together again — is the final step. When you recycle, you are using waste as a resource.Alice Bodreau, the partnership lead at the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, said that there are three pillars of a circular-economy strategy: developing products that don't create waste and pollution, circulating the materials that you put on the market, and regenerating nature.Anne Velenturf, a senior research fellow at the University of Leeds, told Insider that adopting a circular economy does not mean that consumers lose out. "Research has shown that we can all still live a good-quality life when resources are better shared across society," she said.<h2>Waste is a resource</h2>Recycling doesn't just tackle our waste problem; it helps to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions. That's because recycled materials skip a large part of the energy-intensive extraction and manufacturing process. The production of recycled steel, for instance, requires <a href="https://ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/completing-the-picture" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10% to 15% of the energy required to produce new steel.</a>The issue, though, is that not everything is easy to recycle. Think about the phone or computer that you're reading this article on. It's made up of lots of different materials and minerals.This problem is something that Peter Afiuny was thinking about when he cofounded the magnet-manufacturing company <a href="https://noveon.co" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Noveon</a>. "In the late '80s and early '90s, all of the stuff that we were consuming as a society started to become more complex in its product, in terms of the components that are used," Afiuny told Insider. "The waste industry didn't really catch up to how to extract the more critical components."Afiuny, who had previously worked in the recycling industry, wanted to find an efficient way to "surgically extract" components that would otherwise be discarded.Cue the creation of Noveon, a company that manufactures rare-earth magnets from recycled materials. According to Afiuny, postconsumer recycling rates for rare-earth magnetic materials are less than 3%. The traditional "mine-to-magnet" process consists of a lot of energy-intensive and waste-intensive steps and uses potentially dangerous chemicals. "We essentially invented a process that bypassed all of these upstream methods," Afiuny said.Many things need permanent magnets, including products that are essential for the green transition such as electric vehicles and wind turbines."Most of our magnetic materials come from end-of-life channels, so that includes motors, energy systems, medical devices, data-storage devices like hard disk drives," Afiuny said.Afiuny told Insider that he saw Noveon's manufacturing approach as part of a wider shift in the industry. "I think that there is just more generally a trend towards developing regional supply chains, especially as companies are becoming global entities and they're looking for ways to reduce their carbon footprint," he said.<h2>Design matters</h2>Bodreau said that there's more to the circular economy than recycling."Recycling is like you have a water leak in your house and you just go and directly mop it up and try to mop everything up before doing anything else," she said. "While the circular economy is about putting the tap off and actually addressing the leak itself, and not just mopping the floor and keeping on mopping the floor forever and ever."One way to "turn the tap off" is through design. Bodreau said it's about "redesigning the way you operate and the way your product is designed that it will never end up as a leak in the world."That's the principle the electronics company <a href="https://www.fairphone.com/en/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Fairphone</a> is putting into practice. Based in Amsterdam, the company manufactures just two types of products: smartphones and headphones. Their smartphones aren't glued shut and are easy to disassemble, which makes them much easier to repair."Seventy-five percent of the emissions connected to a smartphone occur during production," Anna Jopp, Fairphone's press officer, told Insider. "To us, this means that the most efficient way to reduce the emissions caused by smartphones is to produce less phones. And the way to achieve this is to use the phones we already have for as long as possible."If you keep your phone for five years instead of three you could reduce the phone's annual carbon footprint by 31%, Jopp said.Since phone longevity is key, Jopp said Fairfone tries to encourage people to keep their phones as long as possible by making products that are modular by design and easily repairable. "The longer a product is used, the fewer new products we need to manufacture and the less resources we use," she said.<h2>The renewable challenge</h2>The Ellen MacArthur Foundation estimates that there will be <a href="https://ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/articles/we-need-to-talk-about-renewables-part-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">43 million tons of wind-turbine blade waste by 2050.</a> Meanwhile, the Renewable Energy Agency estimates that there will be up to <a href="https://www.irena.org/publications/2016/Jun/End-of-life-management-Solar-Photovoltaic-Panels" target="_blank" rel="noopener">78 million tons of solar-panel waste</a> by 2050. The renewable-energy industry presents a new challenge for the circular economy, and the UK company ReBlade is trying to get ahead of the game. ReBlade's cofounder Fiona Lindsay told Insider that the team wanted to stop material from wind turbines from going to landfills. While many parts of wind turbines can be recycled, the wind-turbine blades are made from fiberglass, a nonbiodegradable manufactured composite that is extremely difficult to recycle. The company is working on solutions to repurpose wind-turbine blades when they can no longer be used to generate power. Their flagship project uses decommissioned blades to create canopies that provide shelter at electric-vehicle charging points.Lindsay said that the "newness" of the sector was a big obstacle. "Until now, blades have only needed to come down in tiny numbers, perhaps because of damage," she said."In the years ahead, blades will come down in their thousands as whole wind-farm sites are repowered with bigger turbines," she said. "What that means is that the owner-operators of sites don't, as of yet, have standardized approaches to procurement or blade-removal operations.""It takes a tremendous amount of energy and resources to produce the blades in the first place, so we believe reusing them is a better option," Lindsay said.<h2>A 'win-win' solution</h2>Velenturf said that there were many benefits for companies adopting circular-economy principles, including accessing new markets and customers and increasing the security of material supplies, which reduces risks and costs.Policymakers are starting to catch on to circular solutions, too. In June, representatives from 180 countries met in Paris and discussed a global treaty to regulate plastics. Bodreau described the meeting as a "big, big way forward." Meanwhile, New York state's recent <a href="https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-signs-digital-fair-repair-act-law" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Digital Fair Repair Act</a> aims to make it easier for consumers to access the parts and information needed to repair their electronic devices.For Lindsay, the circular approach is a no-brainer. "We have a finite amount of resources so we need to find innovative new ways to reuse resources through second- or even third-life uses after they have been used in their initial applications — a win-win for everybody."This article is part of "<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/the-great-transition" rel="">The Great Transition</a>," a series covering the big changes across industries that are leading to a more sustainable future. For more climate-action news, visit Insider's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/one-planet" target="_blank" rel="noopener">One Planet</a> hub.

How the circular economy could solve the smartphone-waste problem — and curb the manufacturing industry's carbon footprint, too

New Delhi, Jan 30 () India's steel demand is likely to more than quadruple in the next 30 years, resulting in rise in carbon dioxide emissions by around 600 million tonnes, a report by the think-tank The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) said on Thursday.
The report, released on the second day of the 20th edition of World Sustainable Development Summit 2020, a TERI flagship event, said the CO2 emissions from India's steel sector could increase up to 837 million tonnes (MT) by 2050 if steel demand continues to grow, "having serious implications for the environment through its contribution to climate change."
"India's steel demand will more than quadruple from around 111 million tonnes to 489 million tonnes. The carbon dioxide emissions from the sector are projected to go from 242 MT to 837 MT.
"This is equivalent to around 35 per cent of India's total current carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion and industry, which would be incompatible with limiting the worst effects of climate change," said the report titled 'Towards a Low Carbon Steel Sector: Overview of the Changing Market, Technology, and Policy Context for Indian Steel'.
The report on Low Carbon Steel has been prepared by the Energy Transitions Commission (ETC) India, a research platform based in TERI in New Delhi.
TERI has suggested a comprehensive package of measures that would keep the sector competitive while reducing its environmental impacts.
The report recommends maximising the use of domestic scrap and deploying energy efficiency measures, as well as facilitating greater resource efficiency throughout the economy. 
"This can start by building on the progress under the Perform, Achieve and Trade scheme and India's upcoming Resource Efficiency Strategy. This can be achieved cost-effectively, helping make the steel sector, and the Indian economy more competitive. Combining greater energy and resource efficiency could lead to a reduction in emissions by up to 45 per cent," the report said.
The report also suggests establishing pilot and demonstration plants to test emerging low-carbon technologies.
"TERI expects that by the 2040s, more radical decarbonisation technologies, which are currently in the demonstration stage, would be commercially available in India. 
"Of particular interest is the substitution of coal or natural gas as a reducing agent with hydrogen, allowing India to reduce its import dependency and reduce emissions," it said. 
The report also recommends stimulating the demand for low-carbon steel, through developing standards, public procurement schemes, or voluntary buyers' clubs. 
It also suggests introducing a penalty for emissions in steel sector, 2030 onwards, to send a clear signal to the industry to start planning for deeper decarbonisation technologies.
"Measures such as these could put the sector on a pathway to reduce emissions to near zero levels soon after 2050, making India the first country to industrialise while decarbonising its steel production," it said. AG AG ABH
ABH

Growing steel demand in India to increase carbon emissions by 600 million tonnes, warns TERI

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The world's biggest carbon-capture plant - which sucks <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com.au/how-to-stop-gobal-warming-plan-carbon-capture-2018-10">carbon dioxide out of the air</a> - just opened.</li><li>A UN report says <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/geoengineering-how-to-reverse-climate-change-2019-4">carbon capture</a> technology is necessary if the world wants to be carbon neutral by 2050.</li><li>But many experts think the tech is too expensive and not scalable in the next few decades.</li></ul>Framed by a backdrop of volcanoes, a semi-circle of gigantic fans in Iceland are sucking in air, super-heating it, then filtering out the carbon dioxide.This carbon capture and storage facility, named Orca, turned on two weeks ago after <a href="https://climeworks.com/news/climeworks-makes-large-scale-carbon-dioxide-removal-a-reality">more than 18 months</a> of construction. The fans are embedded in shipping container-sized boxes, and once the carbon dioxide is separated, it gets mixed with water then travels through snaking, fat tubes deep underground, where the carbon cools and solidifies.Through this process, Orca can trap and sequester 4,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide per year - making it the largest facility of its kind in the world (though there are currently only two running)."Think of it like a vacuum cleaner for the atmosphere," Julio Friedmann, an energy policy researcher at Columbia University who attended the plant's ribbon-cutting ceremony, told Insider. "Nothing else can do what this tech does."According to the latest <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/still-time-to-address-climate-change-ipcc-scientists-report-2021-8">report</a> from the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on <keyword id="11896311" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="climate-change" source="Orion">Climate Change</keyword> (IPCC), carbon capture and storage is a necessary part of our best-case climate scenarios. But currently, facilities like Orca only negate a sliver of global emissions.Climate scientist Peter Kalmus has done the math: "If it works, in one year it will capture three seconds worth of humanity's CO2 emissions," <a href="https://twitter.com/ClimateHuman/status/1435820395907588104?s=20">he wrote on Twitter</a>.Put another way, Kalmus told Insider, "at any given moment, it will capture one 10-millionth of humanity's current emissions.""It's remarkable to me it is being considered as part of those plans," he said of the IPCC report.<h2>'Probably the most expensive solution'</h2><h2><div type="image" title="carbon capture plant texas" height="3024" width="4032" msid="86507677" hostid="261"></div></h2>The Orca facility works differently than the carbon-capture technologies built into some power plants, steel mills, and industrial facilities. Those collect the carbon produced in the manufacturing process before it enters the air. It can then be converted into materials like concrete or stored underground.More than 20 facilities worldwide currently do this, most of which are <a href="https://news.climate.columbia.edu/2019/09/27/carbon-capture-technology/">in the US</a>. But that simply prevents more carbon from accumulating in the atmosphere. Orca, by contrast, is an attempt to deal with the greenhouse gas that's already up there.This technology, known as direct air capture, is in its infancy. The Swiss company <keyword id="12174310" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="climeworks" source="Orion">Climeworks</keyword>, which built Orca, has the only operational game in town; its other plant is in Switzerland. Before that, the technology had only been used on a small scale in spacecraft and submarines.Two other plants are in planning phases: The Canadian company <a href="https://carbonengineering.com/news-updates/uks-first-large-scale-dac-facility/">Carbon Engineering</a>, which is backed by Bill Gates, started designing a similar facility in <a href="https://carbonengineering.com/news-updates/uks-first-large-scale-dac-facility/">northeastern Scotland</a> three months ago. It also plans to start construction on a a plant in Texas <a href="https://carbonengineering.com/news-updates/new-development-company-1pointfive-formed/">next year</a>. Each of those facilities could remove up to <a href="https://e360.yale.edu/features/the-dream-of-co2-air-capture-edges-toward-reality">25 times more carbon per year</a> than Orca.<div type="image" title="climeworks carbon capture plant switzerland" height="1908" width="2526" msid="86507678" hostid="261"></div>But as with many emerging technologies, direct air capture is expensive. Christoph Gebald, Climeworks' co-founder, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/s/climate-solutions/2021/09/08/co2-capture-plan-iceland-climeworks/?pwapi_token=eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJzdWJpZCI6IjM5MTg0MDYwIiwicmVhc29uIjoiZ2lmdCIsIm5iZiI6MTYzMTIwOTQ1NSwiaXNzIjoic3Vic2NyaXB0aW9ucyIsImV4cCI6MTYzMjQxOTA1NSwiaWF0IjoxNjMxMjA5NDU1LCJqdGkiOiJlZjNjNTk4NS03ZTZiLTRmMTgtYjIzNi02N2YxM2IxZTE5YmIiLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczovL3d3dy53YXNoaW5ndG9ucG9zdC5jb20vY2xpbWF0ZS1zb2x1dGlvbnMvMjAyMS8wOS8wOC9jbzItY2FwdHVyZS1wbGFuLWljZWxhbmQtY2xpbWV3b3Jrcy8ifQ.dhXJLfEKgbFKqGDRDcwAEH3NT5ShBg4PCkYstoFEhy4">told the Washington Post</a> that it costs at least $600 to capture one metric ton of carbon dioxide, since super-heating the air takes a lot of energy.That cost would need to drop to one-fourth its current level to <a href="https://www.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/CO2_Abatement_cost_comparison.pdf">bring it in line</a> with technologies like wind and solar in terms of their <a href="https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/research/report/levelized-cost-carbon-abatement-improved-cost-assessment-methodology-net-zero-emissions-world">carbon abatement</a> - the degree to which they reduce emissions. To sell carbon commercially - like to beverage companies making fizzy drinks - the price would have to get even lower, probably <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04839">between $65 and $110</a> per metric ton.Friedmann thinks a drop to below $200 is likely by 2030, and a drop to $100 two decades after that. By that point, he said, the market for carbon removal market - companies paying to abate their emissions - will have grown significantly.But even at that $100 price, removing all of humanity's annual <keyword id="11949068" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="carbon-emissions" source="Orion">carbon emissions</keyword> would cost more than $5 trillion per year, according to Gates' book, "How to Avoid a Climate Disaster." That would require 50,000 Orca plants."It's probably the most expensive solution," Gates wrote.<div type="image" title="Icebergs near Ilulissat, Greenland. Climate change is having a profound effect in Greenland with glaciers and the Greenland ice cap retreating." height="5092" width="8389" msid="86507679" hostid="261"></div>There's also the question of timing. The IPCC report says that without capturing significant amounts of carbon over the next 30 years, it will be impossible to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/climate-ipcc-report-temperature-rise-20-years-15-degrees-2021-8">get humanity to net-zero emissions by 2050</a> - and, consequently, to limit warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius.But Mathew Barlow, a climate scientist at the University of Massachusetts, Lowell, said three decades isn't enough for the technology to be deployed widely."There's no possible way for it to scale up on that timescale," Barlow, who contributed to the IPCC report, told Insider. "We're at the point where you need to get the tech off the shelves, not be building it out."<h2>'Fossil-fuel companies love carbon capture'</h2>Plants like Orca do, however, out-perform their natural counterparts - trees. "The Orca facility does the work of 200,000 trees in 1,000 times less space," Friedmann said.What's more, once a facility like this stores its carbon, it's locked away. If trees burn, the carbon they've absorbed gets released. <div type="image" title="Reforestation in Leiria Portugal 2018" height="2000" width="3000" msid="86507680" hostid="261"></div>But trees capture carbon at a much lower cost of <a href="https://www.wri.org/insights/direct-air-capture-resource-considerations-and-costs-carbon-removal">$50 per metric ton</a>.Kalmus thinks carbon capture ultimately distracts the world from other solutions that would make a bigger dent in emissions, like investment in renewables and regulations targeting the fossil-fuel industry."Fossil-fuel companies love carbon capture because it really does let them off the hook," he said.Friedmann, though, thinks it's possible to expand carbon-capture infrastructure enough to make a difference. If the Senate's infrastructure bill passes in the House, it would allocate <a href="https://e360.yale.edu/features/the-dream-of-co2-air-capture-edges-toward-reality" target="_blank" rel="noopener">$3.5 billion</a> toward direct air capture facilities in the US. Elon Musk also announced this year that he's funding <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-100-million-prize-carbon-capture-technology-contest-2021-1">a $100 million carbon-capture contest</a>."We now know that we can do it," Friedmann said. "Now we're just haggling over price and literally asking how much we're willing to pay to save the Earth."

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Tata Steel, Germany's SMS group to explore low carbon steel making technology

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Enough growth opportunities within facilities to take capacity to 40 MT in India: Tata Steel CEO

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Reliance, Tata on TIME's list of world's most influential companies

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Tata Steel commences trial use of hydrogen gas in blast furnace at Jamshedpur plant

PTI

UK scientists found a way to slash nearly 90% of carbon emissions from the country's steel industry

Catherine Boudreau

OPINION: Towards a carbon-neutral India — How central, state governments, and corporations are striving to tackle the planetary crisis

Nawneet Vibhaw

Tata Steel says edging towards carbon neutral goal in UK

PTI

How the circular economy could solve the smartphone-waste problem — and curb the manufacturing industry's carbon footprint, too

Freya Graham

Growing steel demand in India to increase carbon emissions by 600 million tonnes, warns TERI

PTI

The world's biggest carbon-removal plant just opened. In a year, it'll negate just 3 seconds' worth of global emissions.

Aylin Woodward

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