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<ul class="summary-list"><li>Gen. Chance Saltzman, head of the US military's space operations, warned of China's threat in orbit.</li><li>He said he was more worried about China than the risk of Russian nuclear weapons in space.</li></ul>China is developing military space gear at a "mind-boggling" pace, according to the US Space Force chief."The number of different categories of space weapons that [China has] created and . . . the speed with which they're doing it is very threatening," said Gen. Chance Saltzman, per the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.ft.com/content/509b39e0-b40c-41b3-9c6a-9005859c6fea">Financial Times.</a>In an <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/china-mind-boggling-space-capabilities-worry-us-says-space-force-chief-b-chance-saltzman-russia-nasa/">interview with Politico</a>, Saltzman added that China's progress in military space technology posed a bigger challenge than possible Russian nuclear weapons in orbit.He said he is also worried that China <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-building-satellite-network-target-us-troops-intel-chief-gagnon-2024-5">has developed a network of hundreds of military satellites that could be used as a targeting system for military missions on Earth.</a>It's one of a series of warnings from top US military officials in recent months about the growing threat in space posed by China.<h2 id="0f474078-d3ca-4ee9-9170-2398d1a8bf55">Space warfare is a growing risk</h2>Space dominance has been an important issue for Chinese premier Xi Jinping, who has frequently expressed his desire for China to be a <a target="_blank" class="" href="http://www.xinhuanet.com//english/china/2016-12/27/c_135935416.htm#:~:text=To%20build%20China%20into%20a%20space%20power,effectively%20and%20reliably%20guarantee%20national%20security%2C%20to">"space power in all respects."</a>And it seems China is rapidly catching up to the US. In recent years, China has developed a sophisticated military program in space, where for decades, the US has been the dominant force.In April, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-chief-says-secretive-china-hides-military-space-projects-2024-4">NASA chief Bill Nelson</a> warned that China was passing off military endeavors in space as civilian projects.China has repeatedly denied that it intends to establish any military presence in outer space. "Space war can not be won and must never be fought," its <a target="_blank" href="http://un.china-mission.gov.cn/eng/chinaandun/disarmament_armscontrol/unga/202105/t20210501_9126875.htm">ambassador to the UN said in 2021.</a>However, it is believed to be developing a hypersonic glide vehicle and other weapons capable of evading air defense systems and satellite warnings. It has also developed technology capable of targeting US satellites.<h2 id="727abea4-0338-45bf-9713-46e5ce3f64ed">'A pivotal moment in history'</h2>"We are at a pivotal moment in history," Troy Meink, principal deputy director of the National Reconnaissance Office, which builds and operates the US fleet of spy satellites, said at an April conference in Colorado, <a target="_blank" rel=" nofollow" href="https://www.space.com/china-space-progress-breathtaking-speed-space-force">as quoted by </a><a target="_blank" href="http://Space.com">Space.com</a><a target="_blank" rel=" nofollow" href="https://www.space.com/china-space-progress-breathtaking-speed-space-force">.</a>"For the first time in decades, US leadership in space and space technology is being challenged," Meink added. "Our competitors are actively seeking ways to threaten our capabilities, and we see this every day."According to the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.asiapacific.ca/publication/china-global-powers-celestial-ambitions#:~:text=The%20steep%20increase%20in%20its,Earth%20remains%20to%20be%20seen">Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada</a>, China's expenditure on space endeavors increased from $2.15 billion in 2022 to $14 billion in 2023.Meanwhile, the US Space Force has <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.saffm.hq.af.mil/FM-Resources/Budget/">requested a budget</a> of $29.4 billion for the 2025 financial year.As the FT notes, the US space defense capabilities are heavily reliant on private companies, such as SpaceX. Last week, SpaceX secured new contracts worth $733.5 million for national security space missions."The truth is, whoever controls the space domain will dominate the future global economy," wrote analyst Arthur Herman for the conservative-leaning Hudson Institute in February."If America was the preeminent space power from Presidents John F. Kennedy to Ronald Reagan, we've let our edge slip away, while China and Russia aim to displace us all together."

China is sending military gear into orbit at a 'mind-boggling' pace, says US Space Force chief

New Delhi [India], June 23 (ANI): The <keyword id="19915130" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Indian Space Research Organisation" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="Indian Space Research Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (<keyword id="19915124" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="ISRO" source="keywords">ISRO</keyword>) on Sunday achieved another success in the <keyword id="21046346" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Reusable-Launch-Vehicle" source="keywords">Reusable Launch Vehicle</keyword> (RLV) landing experiment (LEX). The third and final test in the series of LEX (03) was conducted at 07:10 IST at the <keyword id="22149303" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Aeronautical-Test-Range" source="keywords">Aeronautical Test Range</keyword> (ATR) in Chitradurga, Karnataka. Following the success of the RLV LEX-01 and LEX-02 missions, <keyword id="22149668" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="RLV-LEX-03" source="keywords">RLV LEX-03</keyword> re-demonstrated the <keyword id="21054893" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="autonomous-landing" source="keywords">autonomous landing</keyword> capability of the RLV under more challenging release conditions (cross range of 500 m against 150 m for LEX-02) and more severe wind conditions. The winged vehicle, named '<keyword id="21046350" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Pushpak" source="keywords">Pushpak</keyword>', was released from an <keyword id="19992067" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Air-Force" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Indian Air Force" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="Indian Air Force">Indian Air Force</keyword> Chinook Helicopter at an altitude of 4.5 km. From a release point 4.5 km away from the runway, Pushpak autonomously executed cross-range correction manoeuvres, approached the runway, and performed a precise horizontal landing at the runway centerline. Due to this vehicle's low lift-to-drag ratio aerodynamic configuration, the landing velocity exceeded 320 kmph, compared to 260 kmph for a commercial aircraft and 280 kmph for a typical fighter aircraft. After touchdown, the vehicle's velocity was reduced to nearly 100 kmph using its brake parachute, after which the landing gear brakes were employed for deceleration and stop on the runway. During this ground roll phase, Pushpak utilises its rudder and nose wheel steering system to autonomously maintain a stable and precise ground roll along the runway. This mission simulated the approach and landing interface and high-speed landing conditions for a vehicle returning from space, reaffirming ISRO's expertise in acquiring the most critical technologies required for the development of a RLV. Through this mission, the advanced guidance algorithm catering to longitudinal and lateral plane error corrections, which is essential for the future Orbital Re-entry Mission, has been validated. Notably, the RLV-LEX uses multisensor fusion, including sensors like an Inertial sensor, Radar altimeter, Flush air data system, Pseudolite system and NavIC. Notably, the RLV-LEX-03 mission reused the winged body and flight systems as such without any modification, from the LEX-02 mission, demonstrating the robustness of ISRO's capability of design and reuse flight systems for multiple missions. The mission, led by VSSC, was a collaborative effort involving multiple ISRO centres (SAC, ISTRAC, SDSC-SHAR), with significant support from the Indian Air Force (IAF), Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE), Aerial Delivery Research and Development Establishment (ADRDE), Regional Centre for Military Airworthiness (RCMA) under the Centre for Military Airworthiness and Certification (CEMILAC), National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Indian aerospace industrial partners, Indian Oil Corporation of India, and Airport Authority of India. S Somanath, Chairman, ISRO/Secretary, Department of Space, congratulated the team for their efforts in maintaining the success streak on such complex missions. Dr S Unnikrishnan Nair, Director of VSSC, emphasised that this consistent success boosts ISRO's confidence in the critical technologies essential for future orbital re-entry missions.

'Pushpak' aces test: ISRO achieves yet another success in Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) landing experiment

Perth: (The Conversation) Last week, three tiny Australian satellites from Curtin University's <keyword id="23932163" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Binar-Space-Program" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Binar Space Program" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Binar Space Program">Binar Space Program</keyword> burned up in Earth's atmosphere. That was always going to happen. In fact, Binar means "fireball" in the Noongar language of the First Nations people of Perth. When a satellite is in low Earth orbit (2,000km or less), it experiences orbital decay as it drags closer and closer to the surface, eventually burning up. But these cube satellites (<keyword id="21533654" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="CubeSats" source="keywords">CubeSats</keyword>), known as Binar-2, 3 and 4, entered the atmosphere much sooner than originally planned. They only lasted for two months - a third of what was expected. This significantly reduced valuable time for science and testing new systems. The reason for their untimely demise? Our Sun has kicked into high gear, and the Binar satellites are far from the only casualty. Recent high <keyword id="20792842" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Solar-activity" source="keywords">solar activity</keyword> has been causing an unexpected headache for satellite operators in the last few years, and it's only increasing. <h2>Why is the Sun so active? </h2> Solar activity includes phenomena such as sunspots, solar flares and solar wind - the stream of charged particles that flows toward Earth. This activity is a product of the Sun's ever-changing magnetic field, and approximately every 11 years, it completely flips. At the midpoint of this cycle, solar activity is at its highest. While this cycle is known, specific solar activity is challenging to predict - the dynamics are complex and solar forecasting is in its infancy. In the last few months, indicators of solar activity were more than one and a half times higher than predictions for this point in the current cycle, labelled <keyword id="22712826" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="solar-cycle-25" source="keywords">solar cycle 25</keyword>. <h2>The impact of <keyword id="20087207" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-weather" source="keywords">space weather</keyword> </h2> Space weather refers to the environmental effects that originate from outside our atmosphere (mostly the Sun). It affects us on Earth in a variety of noticeable and unnoticeable ways. The most obvious is the presence of auroras. In the past few months, auroras have been visible far more intensely and closer to the equator than in the last two decades. This is a direct result of the increased solar activity. Space weather, and solar activity in particular, also creates additional challenges for satellites and satellite operators. Higher solar activity means more solar flares and stronger solar wind - resulting in a higher flux of charged particles that can damage or disrupt electrical components on satellites. It also means an increase in ionising radiation, resulting in a higher dose for astronauts and pilots, and potential disruptions to long-distance radio communications. But for satellites in low Earth orbit, the most consistent effect of solar activity is that the extra energy gets absorbed into the outer atmosphere, causing it to balloon outward. As a result, all satellites less than 1,000km from Earth experience a significant increase in <keyword id="23473319" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="atmospheric-drag" source="keywords">atmospheric drag</keyword>. This is a force that disrupts their orbit and causes them to fall towards the planet's surface. Notable satellites in this region include the International Space Station and the Starlink constellation. These satellites have thrusters to counteract this effect, but these corrections can be expensive. Low Earth orbit also contains many university satellites, such as the Binar CubeSats. Cube satellites are rarely equipped with tools that can adjust their altitude, so they're entirely at the mercy of space weather. <h2>What happened to Binar? </h2> The Binar Space Program is a satellite research program operating out of Curtin University. It aims to advance our understanding of the Solar System and lower the barrier for operating in space. The program began operations with its first satellite, Binar-1, in September 2021. This was less than a year into solar cycle 25 when solar activity was relatively low. In these conditions, the ten-centimetre cube satellite started at an altitude of 420km and survived a full 364 days in orbit. The program's follow-up mission - Binar-2, 3, and 4 - were three equally sized CubeSats. However, they were expected to last approximately six months owing to the extra surface area from new deployable solar arrays and a forecast increase in solar activity. Instead, they only made it to two months before burning up. While cube satellite missions are relatively cheap, the premature ending of a mission will always be costly. This is even more true for commercial satellites, highlighting the need for more accurate space weather forecasting. The good news is the Sun will calm down again. Despite the current unexpectedly high solar activity, it will likely slow down by 2026, and is expected to return to a solar minimum in 2030. While this was not an explicit goal of the mission, the Binar Space Program has now poignantly demonstrated the dramatic effects of solar activity on space operations. While the untimely loss of Binar-2, 3 and 4 was unfortunate, work has already begun on future missions. They are expected to launch into far more forgiving space weather. (The Conversation).

Right now, the Sun is far more active than predicted - and small satellites are paying the price

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-won-election-what-that-means-for-elon-musk-2024-11">Elon Musk and Donald Trump are both enthusiastic </a>about space exploration opportunities amid a desire to slash regulations.</li><li>It's not yet clear how powerful Musk's role in the new Trump administration will be.</li></ul>Now that <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/election-results-trump-harris-presidential-election-2024-11">president-elect Donald Trump</a> is set to return to power in the US, Elon Musk's plans for sending humans beyond Earth's orbit may be more likely to come to fruition.Space industry experts told Business Insider that Musk's influence over Trump could help advance <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-could-help-deregulate-tech-amid-a-trump-victory-2024-11">his business interests</a>, including sending the first crewed mission to Mars."I'm hugely optimistic about what's going to happen in space now," Michelle Hanlon, executive director of the Center for Air and Space Law at the University of Mississippi School of Law, told Business Insider.Hanlon's optimism isn't unfounded, especially if Trump's second term focuses on space as much as his first.During his first term, from 2017 to 2021, Trump's administration founded <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/space-force-guardian-nick-hague-spacex-rocket-iss-2024-2">the Space Force</a>, re-launched the National Space Council, and established NASA's Artemis program. This program is set to return astronauts to the moon and lay the groundwork for the first crewed mission to Mars.But space isn't the only interest Trump and Musk share. They also want to slash government regulations.<h2 id="b873fb1d-647e-4cdf-a3ef-7d9a7adb04e7">Musk's 'Department of Government Efficiency'</h2>Trump has said that he would cut 10 regulations for every new one his administration creates.Musk and his businesses, meanwhile, have <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-spacex-faa-overtime-regulations-2024-9">clashed with regulators</a>, including the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the Federal Aviation Administration."There is a lot of waste and needless regulation in government that needs to go," Musk wrote on <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://x.com/elonmusk/status/1830829538118381574">X</a> after Trump announced that he planned to put the billionaire at the helm of a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-rally-elon-musk-save-department-government-efficiency-2024-10">new "department of government efficiency."</a>It's unclear how much influence Musk would have over regulations if this department came to fruition. Trump's trust in Musk to run such a department, however, is a testament to the pair's burgeoning relationship.The two men teamed up on the campaign trail, with Musk contributing millions to Trump's reelection campaign and appearing with him at a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-pennsylvania-america-pac-donald-trump-harris-2024-11">rally in Pennsylvania</a>.In his election-night victory speech, Trump praised Musk for <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-spacex-starship-launch-five-huge-deal-space-travel-2024-10">SpaceX's Starship</a> vehicle, designed to shuttle the first humans to Mars, and for the company's Starlink internet satellites, which are designed to offer fast, cheap internet to remote locations worldwide.<a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-trump-calls-zelenskyy-erdogan-influence-2024-11">Musk also joined a call</a> between Trump and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy on Friday — underscoring how influential Musk could be once Trump returns to office, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.axios.com/2024/11/08/musk-trump-zelensky-ukraine-call?stream=top&amp;utm_source=alert&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=alerts_all">Axios</a> reported.Whether that influence translates to Trump founding a new "department of government efficiency" for Musk, though, is unclear.<div type="image" title="Elon Musk jumps for joy at Trump's recent rally in Butler, Pennsylvania." height="1279" width="2000" msid="115101302" hostid="261" sizebytes="117830"></div>SpaceX and Musk did not respond to a request for comment. A spokesperson for Trump's campaign said that Musk's ideas and efficiency will benefit federal bureaucracy but his role in Trump's administration remains under wraps."It's a crazy situation, but you can't just create a new department," Deborah Sivas, the director of the Environmental Law Clinic at Stanford, told BI. She said Congress would have to approve it, which may be more likely since Republicans won the Senate majority.Changing a government agency's powers or rules, Sivas said, requires making new rules or passing a law through Congress. That can take months, and it's not guaranteed to work.So, it's unlikely that Musk would be able to single-handedly eliminate key steps in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-texas-starship-launch-site-development-challenges-2019-6">regulatory processes</a>, like the typical environmental review requirement for building a new rocket launchpad."I think Elon Musk will be more likely in the background, whispering in his ear," Sivas said of the billionaire's relationship with Trump."Is he going to be able to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-spacex-autocratic-style-success-politics-harm-2024-9">influence space policy</a>? Yes, no question," Hanlon said, adding that she sees that as a "good thing" because of Musk's experience.In other arenas, like environmental regulation, Sivas isn't so sure."I feel like he should stay in his business lane and stay out of the government lane," Sivas said. "When you put those two together, it's like putting church and state together."<h2 id="879d5f64-5325-4a92-9196-db627a3cb3e9">Smoothing potholes on the road to Mars</h2>Even if Musk can't change regulations, a space-friendly Trump administration could smooth the path to Musk's goal of building a city on Mars.Musk recently <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://x.com/elonmusk/status/1832550322293837833">said</a> that he plans to launch Starships to Mars for the first time in just two years. If those flights go well, he said that the first human crews would follow four years from now."That's a pretty ambitious timeline," George Nield, former associate administrator of the FAA's Office of Commercial Space Transportation, told BI. To meet it would probably require "different regulatory frameworks or contractual arrangements than we've used in the past," he added.<div type="image" title="Elon Musk with former president Donald Trump" height="2633" width="3949" msid="115101300" hostid="261" sizebytes="148502"></div>"If anybody can do it, it will be Elon Musk," Hanlon said. But the government can help, she said, by making regulators more efficient.To help even further, she added, "It can become a policy of the US government to support commercial flight to Mars."With Trump's interest in Starship, the chances of that look better than ever.Regulations aren't the only obstacle. There are still a lot of technical hurdles to overcome before we can reach Mars, Nield said.The moon, on the other hand, is more achievable, and Trump has had his eye on it. Weeks after Musk endorsed Trump, the president-elect <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-victory-expected-boost-musks-mars-dream-2024-11-08/">told reporters</a> that the moon was the first step toward his ultimate goal to reach Mars.<h2 id="60abc973-d957-4dd0-8d46-da0596ffb8e2">The next moon landing</h2>For the Artemis program's first human moon landing, NASA plans to launch four astronauts toward the moon using its Space Launch System and Orion spaceship.In lunar orbit, the ship would meet up with SpaceX's Starship, which would carry two astronauts to the moon's surface, putting boots in the lunar dust for the first time since 1972.The date for that mission has been repeatedly pushed back, with September 2026 being NASA's current target.There's no indication that Trump is considering this, but if he wants a faster moon landing, he could ditch the NASA hardware and send astronauts aboard Starship alone, Nield said."If we see rapid progress with Starship and encouragement from the administration and Congress, I don't see any reason why that couldn't happen in a small number of years," Nield said.

What Trump's second term means for space and why one expert is 'hugely optimistic'

<ul class="summary-list"><li>This post originally appeared in the Insider Today newsletter.</li></ul>Happy Veterans Day, and thanks to all those who have served! Diet starts Monday, as they say, so why not take some advice from Super Bowl-winning quarterback Drew Brees. He spoke to Business Insider about <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/drew-brees-simple-wellness-rules-2024-11">five simple wellness rules he lives by</a>.In today's big story, Silicon Valley is getting excited about what Donald Trump's second term <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-could-help-deregulate-tech-amid-a-trump-victory-2024-11">could mean for its businesses</a>.What's on deck:<ul><li>Markets: The Wall Streeters advising Trump's transition team <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/wall-street-advisor-trump-lutnick-schwarzman-warsh-federal-reserve-2024-11">on key economic appointments</a>.</li><li>Tech: Check out our Tesla salary database that shows how Elon Musk courts 'hardcore' workers <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-salary-database-elon-musk-pay-strategy-2024-11">with potentially lucrative stock grants</a>.</li><li>Business: The anxiety over high prices has <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/retirement-saving-inflation-cost-of-living-crisis-investing-401k-pensions-2024-11">some Americans oversaving</a>.</li></ul>But first, time to get things going again.If this was forwarded to you, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/subscription/newsletter/insider-today">sign up here.</a><h3 id="7fa5f018-5b05-4a37-a8dc-d3f89138bcb3">The big story</h3><h2 id="5fd547b9-ec52-41fc-8e08-4f4b27dd8097">United States of Startups</h2><div type="image" title="Photo illustration of laptop, stacks of coins, stars and stripes" height="960" width="1920" msid="115186105" hostid="261" sizebytes="101980"></div>The startup community is ready to be let off its leash.VCs and founders are hopeful about what they anticipate to be a much looser environment for building and dealmaking under President-elect Donald Trump.Tech was always viewed as a beneficiary of the deregulation expected in Trump's second term. But Elon Musk potentially playing a role in the Trump administration means <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-could-help-deregulate-tech-amid-a-trump-victory-2024-11">Silicon Valley could benefit even more</a>, writes Business Insider's Samantha Stokes, Riddhi Kanetkar, and Helen Li.One VC compared Musk streamlining the government to a "chainsaw through calcified butter."Even those who weren't rooting for Trump <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/silicon-valley-trump-return-startups-venture-capital-2024-11">see benefits to a potential hands-off approach to their space</a>, which has faced turmoil in recent years.After years of big funding rounds, high-profile deals, and flashy IPOs, the startup environment has been much more rocky recently. There are many reasons for that — high interest rates, an uncertain economy, the market being somewhat overvalued — but a Biden administration that took a hard line on M&amp;A played a key role.FTC commissioner Lina Khan's attempt to block multiple deals has chilled the industry. Acquisitions are startups' most viable exit opportunity with the IPO window largely closed.The industry became somewhat stuck in place. Money tied up in startups couldn't be reinvested, and employees working at young companies waited for a liquidity event.<div type="image" title="Trump in shadow" height="1279" width="1920" msid="115186097" hostid="261" sizebytes="20896"></div>Trump's impact on the industry's hottest segment — artificial intelligence — isn't as clear.The space is already evolving as some of the biggest companies in the world are picking sides and consolidating power with partnerships and investments in high-profile startups. That was evident last week with a report that Amazon <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/anthropic-gaining-on-openai-ai-market-2024-11">was considering investing in Anthropic again</a>.The US is already investigating Microsoft and Nvidia over their AI dealings. Trump's deregulation approach could free up the space.But regulators launched investigations and filed lawsuits against Big Tech during Trump's first term. The president-elect also has a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-presidency-affect-big-tech-2024-11">complicated relationship with tech giants</a>, even threatening to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-mark-zuckerberg-sent-prison-elected-truth-social-2024-7">send Meta's Mark Zuckerberg to jail</a>. And Vice President-elect JD Vance previously said Khan is "doing a pretty good job" in her antitrust enforcement.Musk has also had run-ins with Zuckerberg, Amazon's Jeff Bezos, and OpenAI's Sam Altman, and his AI startup, xAI, is looking to compete in the space.And then there's Trump's immigration policy. The president-elect pledged to conduct mass deportations of undocumented immigrants. It's unclear if and how he might reshape the legal immigration system <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-immigration-policy-ai-tech-worker-shortage-2024-11">that places high-skilled workers from outside the US in tech jobs</a>, including those in AI.<h3 id="77f31a4c-8462-4e3d-a71f-838cb79493fb">News brief</h3><h2 id="1fcd294b-3f53-425f-9f20-4093e8623b59">Top headlines</h2><ul><li>The coming <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/coming-reign-only-child-americans-fewer-babies-siblings-costs-2024-11">reign of the only child</a>.</li><li>Elon Musk has named his <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-pushes-rick-scott-for-senate-majority-leader-2024-11">top choice for Senate majority leader</a>.</li><li>Forget swing states. Here's how the generations <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-generations-voted-trump-harris-gen-z-gen-x-boomers-2024-11">flipped on Election Day</a>.</li><li>What needs to go right for Intel, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/intel-dow-jones-ai-chip-lag-2024-11">and what happens if it doesn't</a>.</li><li>Trump's plan for Social Security will help baby boomers in the short run and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-tax-cuts-social-security-boomers-benefit-fund-depletion-2024-11">cut benefits for anyone younger</a>.</li></ul><h2 id="8120060b-ae66-48dc-b149-f0489a30ffa2">3 things in markets</h2><div type="image" title="Donald Trump and the Wall St. sign" height="1500" width="2000" msid="115186103" hostid="261" sizebytes="227372"></div><ol><li>Who Trump is turning to on Wall Street for advice. Cantor Fitzgerald CEO Howard Lutnick is co-chair of Donald Trump's transition team, and he's looking to his Wall Street peers for help. Apollo CEO Marc Rowan, Blackstone CEO Steve Schwarzman, and Charles Schwab are reportedly <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/wall-street-advisor-trump-lutnick-schwarzman-warsh-federal-reserve-2024-11">some of the people lending their expertise to Lutnick</a>.</li><li>Citadel Securities just poached a 20-year Microsoft vet. Herb Sutter is joining Ken Griffin's market maker <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-citadel-securities-hired-coding-expert-microsoft-herb-sutter-2024-11">in a new tech leadership role</a>. Sutter is an expert in C++, the coding language that underpins most of Citadel Securities' technology.</li><li>Bitcoin's big hopes for Trump 2.0. The self-described "crypto president" flipped from cynic to cheerleader during his campaign. Now that he's headed back to the White House, crypto supporters hope for <a target="_blank" href="https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/currencies/bitcoin-price-crypto-industry-donald-trump-election-reserve-regulation-sec-2024-11">regulatory overhaul and an expanded mainstream role</a> for the digital currency.</li></ol><h2 id="f4b54806-7f81-450c-ba32-92560d4fae9b">3 things in tech</h2><div type="image" title="Elon Musk" height="1500" width="2000" msid="115186106" hostid="261" sizebytes="652194"></div><ol><li>Inside Tesla's high-risk, high-reward compensation strategy. BI secured access to an internal Tesla salary database covering nearly 100,000 employees as of December 2021. The data reveals Elon Musk's pay strategy: <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-salary-database-elon-musk-pay-strategy-2024-11">Lower salaries, bigger stock grants</a>.</li><li>How Reddit went mainstream. Not long ago, Reddit wasn't for everyone. It was a dark, weird little corner that prided itself on free speech but could quickly get ugly for users. Today, Reddit's community-driven content attracts users who would rather rely on human input than AI. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/reddit-mainstream-google-traffic-stock-revenue-human-users-2024-11">In that sense, it's a bit like the new Google</a>.</li><li>Behind Nvidia's plans to build robot brains. Nvidia robotics executive Rev Lebaredian told BI about the chipmaker's plans to tackle its newest frontier, bridging generative AI and physical robotics. The secret? <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/rev-lebaredian-spearheads-nvidias-omniverse-push-in-ai-and-robotics-2024-11">Visualize the future, then build it</a>.</li></ol><h2 id="9260fa45-d397-4b3c-b4f8-4bb193976216">3 things in business</h2><div type="image" title="woman anxious in a pile of money with a house on top." height="846" width="1128" msid="115186104" hostid="261" sizebytes="133984"></div><ol><li>The high cost-of-living has some Americans going overboard with saving. Plenty of people in the US live paycheck to paycheck, but a growing cohort is doing the opposite. Despite having solid finances, anxiety about high prices has them <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/retirement-saving-inflation-cost-of-living-crisis-investing-401k-pensions-2024-11">saving more than is recommended</a>. Stockpiling cash could ultimately cost them as they miss out on investment gains.</li><li>Don't poll the election; bet on it. In the weeks leading up to his victory, polls showed a virtual tie between Donald Trump and Kamala Harris. Yet prediction markets showed a solid Trump lead, proving what proponents have long argued: they can be more accurate than traditional polling. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/betting-markets-polls-trump-election-win-polymarket-kalshi-2024-11">Prediction markets' biggest cheerleaders explained why</a>.</li><li>Economists say Trump will give Americans the very thing they voted against. High prices helped Trump get elected. Experts say his proposals of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-election-win-high-inflation-risk-tariffs-deportations-taxes-2024-11">lower taxes, higher tariffs, and mass deportations will be inflationary</a>. It could also make the Fed's recent rate-cut relief painfully short-lived if it's forced to hike rates again in response.</li></ol><h2 id="9f5d80ac-3466-429f-a50a-2ffbb70c65ff">What's happening today</h2><ul><li>It's Veterans Day. The nation's largest commemorative parade takes place in New York City.</li><li>The World Meteorological Organization releases the "State of the Climate" update at the UN's climate-change summit in Azerbaijan.</li></ul>The Insider Today team: Dan DeFrancesco, deputy editor and anchor, in New York. Grace Lett, editor, in Chicago. Hallam Bullock, senior editor, in London. Ella Hopkins, associate editor, in London. Amanda Yen, fellow, in New York. Milan Sehmbi, fellow, in London.

Startups are ready to thrive under Trump, but some uncertainty remains in a key corner of the space

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The US Space Force is sending its first Guardian into space as early as August.</li><li>Two NASA astronauts and a Russian cosmonaut will accompany Col. Nick Hague.</li></ul>The US Space Force is sending its first member — which it calls "Guardians" — into space.USSF Col. Nick Hague is set to pilot a NASA mission to the International Space Station as early as August, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.spaceforce.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/3662607/space-force-guardian-set-to-launch-to-international-space-station-on-nasa-missi/">Space Force</a> announced.Two NASA astronauts and a Russian cosmonaut will join the Crew-9 mission aboard the Dragon, a Space X spacecraft. Upon arrival at the ISS, Hague will pivot to serving as a flight engineer. The crew "will conduct a wide-ranging set of operations and research activities for the duration of their more than six-month mission," a USSF press release said."The core of our mission on the space station is to perform science experiments and collect data," Hague said, according to the press release. "The International Space Station provides a unique platform in microgravity, which allows researchers from around the world to explore and discover processes that could have significant impact on the behavior of our bodies and the environment around us both on Earth and off planet."The US Space Force is only four years old — the baby among long-standing US military branches like the US Army, US Marine Corps, US Navy, US Air Force, US Coast Guard, and US National Guard. When it was <a target="_blank" href="https://www.spaceforce.mil/About-Us/About-Space-Force/History/">established</a> in December 2019, Space Force became the first branch addition to the nation's armed forces in over 70 years.This will be Hague's first launch as a USSF Guardian but his third launch in total. He transferred from the Air Force to the Space Force in 2021, according to his NASA <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nasa.gov/people/nick-hague/#hds-sidebar-nav-4">profile</a>."From GPS satellites that underpin our station navigation systems, to space domain awareness sites around the globe that help NASA prevent orbital debris from colliding with the space station, to the launch range that my crew will use when we liftoff," Hague said in the USSF press release, "Guardians provide critical support without which our NASA human spaceflight program wouldn't be possible."

Space Force is sending one of its 'Guardians' into space for the first time in its history

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-launch-risky-polaris-dawn-mission-first-commercial-spacewalk-radiation-2024-8">SpaceX launched the Polaris Dawn mission</a> Tuesday morning, sending four people on an ambitious flight.</li><li>The private mission aims to fly through radiation belts and conduct the first commercial spacewalk.</li></ul><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-polaris-dawn-mission-launch-2024-8">SpaceX just launched four people</a> on its most daring human spaceflight yet, a mission called Polaris Dawn.The crew features a billionaire, a pilot, and two SpaceX employees. After an early morning launch on Tuesday, they're floating in the company's <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-says-next-spacex-flight-will-have-better-toilets-2021-9">Crew Dragon spaceship</a> in Earth's orbit.None of them are NASA-grade <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-astronaut-warns-tourists-that-spaceflight-is-uncomfortable-risky-2021-8">professional astronauts</a>, but they're scheduled to fly further from Earth than anyone has traveled in over 50 years, since the Apollo missions.They're also planning to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/polaris-dawn-spacewalk-spacex-crew-dragon-2024-9">conduct the first-ever commercial spacewalk</a>, taking the risk of opening their entire Crew Dragon spaceship to the vacuum of space.Here's who's on board this bold, historic mission.<h2 id="688a5c11-20ce-406b-89c2-4f98790acc82">Jared Isaacman, mission commander</h2><div type="image" title="jared isaacman spacex crew dragon" height="2560" width="3840" msid="113245844" hostid="261" sizebytes="991006"></div><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jared-isaacman-net-worth-career-spacex-polaris-dawn-2024-8">Jared Isaacman</a> is the billionaire bankrolling the mission and serving as its commander. This isn't the 41-year-old's first rodeo.In 2021, he funded and flew on the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-civilian-crew-zip-ties-sedatives-orbit-2021-9">first-ever all-civilian spaceflight</a>, called Inspiration4, and brought three people with him to circle Earth aboard SpaceX's Crew Dragon.That mission's name, Inspiration4, derives from Shift4, the payment-processing company that Isaacman founded at age 16 in his parents' basement after dropping out of high school. He is still the CEO.Compared to other space-faring billionaires — like the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/virgin-galactic-richard-branson-spaceflight-2021-7">flashy Richard Branson</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/video-jeff-bezos-interrupts-william-shatner-space-speech-spray-champagne-2021-10">champagne-spraying Jeff Bezos</a> — Isaacman's tone is much more serious.For starters, he's a relatively private person. He's repeatedly declined to say how much money he's spent on his missions with SpaceX.He also has some technical qualifications for the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/virgin-galactic-blue-origin-spacex-commercial-space-flights-tourism-cost-2023-7">commercial astronaut</a> gig: He's an accomplished pilot, reporting over 7,000 flight hours. Isaacman's business repertoire also includes Draken International, a private aircraft provider and pilot-training company that he founded in 2012 and sold to Blackdstone in 2019. The sale, along with taking Shift4 public, made him a billionaire.Messaging around both <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-final-members-of-the-all-civilian-inspiration4mission-revealed-2021-4">Inspiration4</a> and Polaris Dawn has been heavily focused on fundraising for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital as well as making technological advancements in human spaceflight."I just knew it was a pretty significant moment in history, and it comes with some responsibility," Isaacman told BI ahead of the Inspiration4 launch in 2021. He said the St. Jude fundraising was an effort to "take care of some of the problems that we have here on Earth, so we earn the right to go and explore among the stars."Isaacman has also approached NASA, offering to fund a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-spacex-announcement-billionaire-spaceflight-hubble-space-telescope-2022-9">Crew Dragon mission to boost the Hubble Space Telescope's orbit</a> and therefore extend its lifespan, since it's currently expected to fall from orbit in the mid-2030s. NASA has declined the offer for now.Isaacman lives in New Jersey with his wife, Monica Isaacman, and their two daughters, according to the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://nypost.com/2024/09/10/us-news/jared-isaacman-nj-high-school-dropout-turned-tech-billionaire-set-to-conduct-first-private-spacewalk/">New York Post</a>.<h2 id="826614e6-dace-47db-8f31-d7d755ada4e7">Sarah Gillis, mission specialist</h2><div type="image" title="sarah gillis smiling woman in white spacesuit and open helmet with gray and black trim" height="1667" width="2500" msid="113245841" hostid="261" sizebytes="137418"></div>As the engineer overseeing <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-spacex-first-civilians-trained-for-spaceflight-photos-2021-9">SpaceX's astronaut training program</a>, Sarah Gillis first got to know Isaacman when she was preparing him and his crewmates for the Inspiration4 flight."You spend a huge amount of your job pretending to be an astronaut and thinking through what they would care about," Gillis, aged 30, said in a briefing on August 19. "I cannot wait to actually test this in space and bring back knowledge to the engineers."Growing up in Boulder, Colorado, Gillis was on track to be a violinist like her mother until her junior year of high school, when she attended a university guest lecture by Joe Tanner, a former NASA astronaut and a mechanical engineering professor. She told <a target="_blank" href="https://www.denverpost.com/2024/07/22/spacex-colorado-astronauts-scott-poteet-sarah-gillis-polaris-dawn/">The Denver Post</a> that she stayed to talk with Tanner, who became her mentor as she pursued aerospace engineering.Gillis started with an internship at SpaceX in 2015 and quickly ascended through the ranks of the company's astronaut training program and mission control operations. She's still a skilled violinist and an avid hiker.Gillis's husband, Lewis, is also a SpaceX engineer. He helped build Dragon's propulsion system."So I know exactly what goes into the testing and the design and the rigor behind absolutely everything in the spacecraft," Gillis said, adding that she was "very, very excited to fly on my favorite Dragon spacecraft."She's serving as the mission specialist on Polaris Dawn, assigned to leave Dragon on Thursday to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/video-shows-cosmonaut-space-littering-during-spacewalk-nasa-says-harmless-2023-5">conduct the first commercial spacewalk</a> alongside Isaacman. This is her first time in space.<h2 id="3fe1acf4-ea8f-4279-9bc9-30d402b3c54d">Anna Menon, mission specialist and medical officer</h2><div type="image" title="Crewmember Anna Menon of Polaris Dawn smiling and wearing sunglasses" height="1500" width="2004" msid="113245851" hostid="261" sizebytes="165860"></div><a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-astronaut-parenting-tips-career-vs-dad-time-2024-3">Anna Menon</a> has dreamed of going to space since she was a child."I grew up in Houston, another Space City, and I was exposed to space on a field trip and got to experience a day in the life of an astronaut and a flight controller in mission control," Menon said during the August 19 briefing. "And I fell in love with the industry." Polaris Dawn is the 38-year-old's first time in space. She's an engineer at SpaceX and is serving as a mission specialist and medical officer for Polaris Dawn. "I think working at SpaceX gives me a tremendous amount of competence going to space," Menon said. Before joining SpaceX, Menon worked at NASA and helped oversee International Space Station operations as a biomedical flight controller. She's not the only one in her family headed to space. Menon's husband, Anil, is one of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-astronauts-hiring-resume-selection-manager-2024-3">NASA's new astronauts</a>. The couple have two children, James and Grace.During her trip in space, Anna plans to get in a bit of reading. "I'm going to read a children's book I wrote, '<a target="_blank" href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/744559/kisses-from-space-by-anna-menon-and-keri-vasek-illustrated-by-andy-harkness/">Kisses from Space</a>,' to both my kids as well as some of the brave kids at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital," she <a target="_blank" href="https://people.com/billionaire-jared-isaacman-leads-four-civilian-astronauts-historic-polaris-dawn-mission-8709509">told People</a>. The live feed storytime is part of the mission's fundraising for the pediatric hospital, which treats childhood cancers and other diseases.<h2 id="3fce8d66-9204-4222-b02b-13d7f457607b">Scott "Kidd" Poteet, mission pilot</h2><div type="image" title="Polaris Dawn crewmember Scott Poteet against a white background" height="1500" width="2151" msid="113245842" hostid="261" sizebytes="78440"></div>Though he's flown fighter jets for the US Air Force, Scott Poteet has never been to space. The 50-year-old <a target="_blank" href="https://polarisprogram.com/team/scott-poteet/">mission</a> pilot <a target="_blank" href="https://mynews13.com/fl/orlando/space/2024/08/16/scott-kidd-poteet-talks-about-polaris-dawn">suffers</a> from motion sickness, but managed to overcome that in his combat missions and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.airforce.com/thunderbirds/overview">performing</a> aerobatic maneuvers with the US Air Force's Thunderbirds.Poteet told <a target="_blank" href="https://mynews13.com/fl/orlando/space/2024/08/16/scott-kidd-poteet-talks-about-polaris-dawn">Spectrum News</a> his route to becoming an astronaut wasn't typical, at least not by today's standards. His grades weren't the best in school, and he doesn't have a background in engineering or science. Nevertheless, Isaacman invited Poteet, who goes by "Kidd," to pilot Polaris Dawn."On a personal level, flying fighter jets in the Air Force for 20 years, combat experience, operational test experience, leading many red flag exercises, and fighter weapons school, I can tell you without a doubt this has been some of the most challenging training that I've ever experienced," Poteet said about his training for Polaris Dawn during the briefing on August 19.Poteet lives in Monument, Colorado with his wife and has <a target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/p/C8QPSBUMRo8/?img_index=1">three</a> children. At least one hopes to follow in his footsteps. "My 12-year-old son absolutely plans to go to space," he recently told <a target="_blank" href="https://magazine.unh.edu/issue/winter-2023/to-the-stars/">UNH Magazine</a>. "He believes it will be commonplace in his lifetime."

Meet SpaceX's Polaris Dawn crew: The daring 4 who are in space on the most ambitious private space mission in history

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Palmer Luckey's defense tech startup Anduril is setting its sights on space.</li><li>The seven-year-old company announced a new partnership with satellite hardware producer Apex.</li></ul>Defense tech startup Anduril is fast building a reputation for <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/anduril-palmer-luckey-us-air-force-contract-defense-tech-startup-2024-4">disrupting the traditional defense industry</a> with its futuristic flying and underwater autonomous devices.Now, it's aiming for the space market as well.On Tuesday, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/palmer-luckey-anduril-defense-startup-ai-weapons-war-2024-3">Anduril</a> announced it has partnered with the LA-based startup Apex, which produces satellite hardware.It said it would use Apex's satellite buses — the main body of a satellite that holds its payloads and technology — to deploy its own AI-powered systems for missions, including space situational awareness and missile warning and tracking.Apex supplying its off-the-shelf hardware would enable Anduril to implement the "rapid development and delivery of space systems for the United States and partners," the company said in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.anduril.com/article/apex-and-anduril-announce-partnership-to-advance-space-capabilities/">a press release</a>.Anduril, which was co-founded by Oculus billionaire <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/who-is-palmer-luckey">Palmer Luckey</a> in 2017, also said it was planning to launch its own self-funded mission into space in 2025.Anduril said the mission would "be the foundation for Anduril and Apex's commitment to regularly deploying more mass to orbit. "<div type="image" title="An image taken from space of the earth with a satellite in the foreground. The Anduril and Apex logos appear above the image on black backing." height="902" width="1042" msid="113877894" hostid="261" sizebytes="43764"></div>The partnership is just one arm of Anduril's drive into space. Last week, the company landed a $25.3 million contract with the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/space-force-guardian-nick-hague-spacex-rocket-iss-2024-2">US Space Force</a>, a branch of the military established four years ago to protect US interests in space.Anduril has been contracted to expand the use of its artificial intelligence-powered Lattice software on Space Force's Space Surveillance Network (SSN).It would strengthen the network's communications by providing "warfighters with real-time data exploitation, autonomous coordination of satellites, and resilient communication capabilities," it said in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.anduril.com/article/anduril-expands-space/">a press release</a>."Space is a contested warfighting domain and we recognize the importance of equipping spacecraft with advanced autonomy and cutting-edge payloads," Gokul Subramanian, Anduril's SVP of Space and Engineering, said in the announcement.In the last year, Anduril has also secured key contracts to provide the US Air Force and both Australia's Navy and Air Force with autonomous systems.The company has pitched itself as the answer to the US military's <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/watchdog-dod-must-speed-up-weapons-deliveries-to-maintain-advantage-2024-6">production and procurement woes</a>, saying that future success in war will depend on the ability to rapidly manufacture and produce advanced weaponry at scale.In August, after <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/palmer-luckey-anduril-defense-startup-funding-tesla-weapons-factory-2024-8">raising $1.5 billion</a> in a series F funding round, the startup announced it would build a five million-square-foot factory that would "hyperscale" defense production and "rebuild the arsenal of democracy."

Palmer Luckey's buzzy defense firm Anduril is expanding into the space business

<ul class="summary-list"><li>China is building up and modernizing its military as the US strives to maintain its edge.</li><li>The focus on advanced technologies has put the two countries into a different kind of arms race.</li></ul>China is "in a race for technological superiority" with the US, the Air Force secretary said this week, noting that as China becomes increasingly confident in its armed forces and its ability to use them to advance its national interests, "we'll be in a period of much greater risk."In some areas, such as missiles, China appears to have an edge over American forces, he said, and its pursuit of advanced satellites and automated battle management systems have grabbed the attention of American officials as the US considers <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/america-not-ready-china-war-military-economy-2023-5">what a potential conflict between the two powers could look like</a>. This race goes much deeper, though.On Tuesday, Air Force Secretary Frank Kendall said China has been effectively modernizing the People's Liberation Army, fielding systems with the intent of challenging US forces, especially its high-value combat assets like carriers and satellites.Kendall <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://vimeo.com/event/4681487/aae7018489?utm_campaign=2024%20Microelectronics%20Commons&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;_hsenc=p2ANqtz-_hVVt4JaJrhQkWlVRye5kJaIPAdVqBEZfwQ2uHjr0IVycuutTNsV5x5foMMHDwRhDKcPic1qw5pETOa_xtxan-DGFXdxyv3uucu8GfciSheefg0Lc&amp;_hsmi=331115123&amp;utm_content=331115123&amp;utm_source=hs_automation">said</a> at the Microelectronics Commons Annual Meeting and National Semiconductor Technology Center Symposium this week that China had long been taking notes on how the US military operates, "and they were not just designing their equipment and the things they were buying around being able to defeat the US," he said, "their entire military was being designed around that."<div type="image" title="A video released by China shows off the missiles it could fire at Taiwan in a mass attack." height="1136" width="2141" msid="114792219" hostid="261" sizebytes="73808"></div>The Department of Defense has tracked monumental growth in the Chinese military for years, documenting investments in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/chinas-shipbuilding-power-players-making-warships-at-a-rapid-pace-2024-9">warships</a>, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-military-china-missile-problem-getting-worse-2024-5">bolstered missile capabilities and stockpiles</a>, and advanced space and cyber assets. The US military refers to Beijing as its "pacing challenge," putting emphasis on the Indo-Pacific.But despite US efforts to keep up-to-date with China's modernization, Kendall said, in some ways, "we've let them steal a march on us, quite frankly, in the systems they've fielded, that includes cruise and ballistic missiles, hypersonics," and "hundreds of satellites designed to target our joint force," as well as advanced battle management systems to integrate and control combat assets with a high degree of automation.China has built up its Rocket Force, developing capabilities that put US military assets at <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-pacific-bases-aircraft-vulnerable-to-chinese-missiles-lawmakers-2024-5">military bases and airfields across the Indo-Pacific within striking range</a>. Its force includes more traditional systems, as well as newer weapons, like the DF-17 hypersonic missile.Kendall also noted some of the Chinese air force's air-to-air missiles have the ranges to go after tankers and command-and-control aircraft, for example, which "traditionally have operated out or range of the threats and been able to operate pretty much with impunity," he said. "That's being erased; we don't have that capability anymore."<div type="image" title="A US aircraft carrier sails in the Pacific Ocean with a cloudy sunset in the background." height="1474" width="2211" msid="114792221" hostid="261" sizebytes="76930"></div>The battlespace is changing, and across the board, the developments being made in advanced warfighting technologies have created what Kendall has called "a race for technological superiority" rather than a "classic arms race." It's no longer just about how many warships a country has.A key part of the new arms race is artificial intelligence, which "China is moving forward aggressively in," Kendall said, adding that the applications of AI are already being seen in <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/drones-in-ukraine-war-soon-wont-need-human-pilots-commander-2024-9">the war in Ukraine</a> and in the Middle East, "changing the character of warfare."The Air Force secretary said that he doesn't think people who say that AI is "going to determine who's the winner in the next battlefield" are "all that far off."Like China and other militaries, the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-allies-ai-target-enemies-like-would-war-first-time-2024-8">US has also made AI a top priority in its military developments</a> across the joint force, pursuing autonomous capabilities and ways to implement AI into decision-making, pattern recognition, and various assets and weapons.For the US Air Force, for example, that line of effort has been evident in its testing of <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-militarys-ai-fighter-jet-pilot-making-dramatic-advances-officer-2024-6">AI agents flying fighter jets</a> and in the collaborative combat aircraft and "loyal wingman" programs. Earlier this year, Kendall flew in an AI-controlled F-16, which squared off in a dogfight against a manned F-16.<div type="image" title="A screenshot from video footage of the real-world test of a dogfight between an AI-controlled fighter and a manned fighter." height="1564" width="2880" msid="114792223" hostid="261" sizebytes="94014"></div>Officials said at the time that the testing marked "an important milestone" for the program and spoke to growing "confidence in the state of combat autonomy." Previous testing of AI agents has also proven effective, with officials noting that AI programs can quickly be adjusted based on new data, scenarios, and performance.In another example, the Marines, working with the Air Force and Navy, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-marines-unmanned-aircraft-targeting-data-for-f-35-jets-2024-10">recently tested a "loyal wingman" experimental autonomous unmanned aerial combat vehicle</a> alongside F-35 stealth fighters, showing how the military is pushing the manned-unmanned teaming concept "a step further" for the joint force, an official said.As the US and other powers pursue this emerging new technology at breakneck speeds, there have been questions about <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/israel-using-ai-gaza-targets-terrifying-glimpse-at-future-war-2024-4">what the role of AI will be in the military and future warfare</a>. War analysts and strategists have said the US military and others need a plan for <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/future-of-warfare-is-catastrophic-and-robotic-former-general-says-2023-5">AI and autonomy</a> sooner rather than later.

The US is in a technological arms race with China, Air Force secretary says, and AI could decide who wins

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Ted Colbert, head of Boeing's defense, space, and security division, is leaving the company, per CNBC.</li><li>Boeing CEO Kelly Ortberg announced Colbert's departure in a staff memo on Friday, CNBC reported.</li></ul>Ted Colbert, the head of Boeing's defense, space, and security division is leaving the company after 15 years, CEO Kelly Ortberg told staff in a memo on Friday, according to CNBC.CNBC reported that in the memo, Ortberg — who came to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/boeing-labor-crisis-wage-increase-union-strike-contract-2024-9">Boeing</a> in early August — thanked Colbert for his service to the company and announced that Steve Parker, the chief operating officer of Boeing's defense, space, and security division, would take over Colbert's duties until a replacement can be named.Colbert and representatives for Boeing did not immediately respond to requests for comment from Business Insider."At this critical juncture, our priority is to restore the trust of our customers and meet the high standards they expect of us to enable their critical missions around the world," CNBC reported Ortberg wrote in the memo. "Working together, we can and will improve our performance and ensure we deliver on our commitments."Colbert's departure comes amid significant turbulence in the company. He is the first executive to leave the company since Ortberg became CEO. It's unclear what led to his departure.Boeing's defense, space, and security division has had budget overruns in developing its next-generation tanker for the US Air Force, according to <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.defensenews.com/industry/2024/01/09/cautionary-tale-how-boeing-won-a-us-air-force-program-and-lost-7b/#:~:text=The%20contract%20was%20firm%2Dfixed,contract%20value%20of%20%244.9%20billion.">Defense News</a>, and had recent issues with its <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/boeing-starliner-spacecraft-returns-to-earth-without-nasa-astronauts-2024-9">Starliner spacecraft</a>.Earlier this month, the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/boeing-starliner-spacecraft-returns-to-earth-without-nasa-astronauts-2024-9">Starliner returned to Earth</a> without issue but also without the NASA astronauts who piloted it to the International Space Station. NASA announced last month that the astronauts would remain on the space station and will return on a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-admits-spacex-working-on-backup-plan-stuck-boeing-astronauts-2024-8">SpaceX craft</a> in February 2024 due to concerns about thruster issues and a helium leak with the Starliner.Stock for the aerospace company is down more than 39% since January 1.

The executive in charge of the division that has 2 astronauts stuck in space is leaving Boeing

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The US Air Force released a video showing the B-21 Raider stealth bomber taking off and landing.</li><li>The force's newest bomber took its first flight last fall and is in production.</li></ul>The US Air Force released the first footage of its new stealth bomber taking off and landing during flight testing.The testing marks a monumental moment for the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-air-force-photos-b-21-raider-newest-stealth-bomber-2024-5">B-21 Raider</a>, which is shaping up to replace the branch's older bombers and become "the backbone" of its "flexible global strike capability," the Air Force said.The video was released Wednesday alongside the B-21 Update panel at the 2024 Air, Space and Cyber Conference by the Air and Space Forces Association.In the footage, the sleek B-21 takes off from the tarmac in California and soars up. The video then cuts to the bomber landing.At the panel, officials from the Air Force and Northrop Grumman, the company developing the aircraft, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/3910299/">provided updates on the B-21 program</a>."We're really starting to strike up quite a cadence [and] generate two flight test flights in a given week," Thomas Jones, Northrop Grumman Aeronautics Systems sector president, said. "When we started this journey, we made a vow that we were going to design this system to be a daily flyer. It's been a phenomenal year of progress, and we hope to continue that through the next year."<div type="image" title="A B-21 Raider conducts flight testing, which includes ground testing, taxiing, and flying operations, at Edwards Air Force Base, California." height="1432" width="2160" msid="113502439" hostid="261" sizebytes="78198"></div>Development on the B-21 dates back to 2015, and the aircraft was first unveiled to the public in December 2022. Then, in November 2023, the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-military-approved-production-stealth-bomber-b-21-first-flight-2024-1">Raider took its first flight</a>. Production on the aircraft was confirmed to be underway in January of this year. It's the US military's first strategic bomber in nearly three decades.Per the Pentagon, the B-21 boasts advanced stealth capabilities and can be equipped to deliver stand-off and direct-attack munitions, including both conventional and nuclear payloads. Its range, the US Department of Defense has said, is "unmatched."Part of the appeal of the B-21 is its ability to integrate with other US Air Force operations, as well as missions conducted by US partners and allies.<a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/us-b2-bomber-flies-with-japanese-f35s-first-time-photos-2024-9">Bomber Task Force operations</a>, such as those involving the stealth B-2 Spirits, supersonic B-1 Lancers, and B-52 Stratofortresses, are a priority for the US Air Force, allowing the force to demonstrate how it incorporates bomber aircraft into missions with US allies and partners.

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