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<keyword id="6360409" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="nasa" source="Orion">NASA</keyword>'s <keyword id="6474108" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="insight" source="Orion">InSight</keyword> lander has enabled scientists to measure the biggest quakes everwitnessed on Mars.<br /><br />On September 18, NASA's InSight lander celebrated its 1,000th Martian day, or sol, by measuring one of the biggest, longest-lasting marsquakes the mission has ever detected. The temblor is estimated to be of 4.2-magnitude and shook for nearly an hour-and-a-half, NASA said in a statement.<br /><br />This is the third major quake InSight has detected in a month: On August 25, the mission's seismometer detected two quakes of magnitudes 4.2 and 4.1.<br /><br />The previous record holder, which InSight measured in 2019, clocked in at magnitude 3.7 -- about five times less powerful than a 4.2-magnitude quake.<br /><br />Before NASA's InSight spacecraft touched down on Mars in 2018, the rovers and orbiters studying the <keyword id="6385434" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="red-planet" source="Orion">Red Planet</keyword> concentrated on its surface.<br /><br />The stationary lander's seismometer has changed that, revealing details about the planet's deep interior for the first time.<br /><br />The mission aims to study seismic waves to learn more about Mars' interior.<br /><br />While the teams are studying the September 18 quake, scientists have made some analysis of the August 25 quakes. According to them, the 4.2 magnitude event occurred about 8,500 kilometres from InSight. It's the most distant quake the lander has detected so far, NASA said.<br /><br />They also determined that the shaking occurred too far from where InSight had detected almost all of its previous large quakes -- <keyword id="12164988" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cerberus-fossae" source="Orion">Cerberus Fossae</keyword> -- a region roughly 1,609 kilometres away where lava may have flowed within the last few million years.<br /><br />The scientists are working to pinpoint the source and which direction the seismic waves travelled.<br /><br />"One especially intriguing possibility is <keyword id="3478542" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="valles-marineris" source="Orion">Valles Marineris</keyword>, the epically long canyon system that scars the Martian equator. The approximate center of that canyon system is 9,700 kilometres from InSight,"NASA said.<br /><br />Further, the team also found that the August 25 quakes were different from each other. The magnitude 4.2 quake was dominated by slow, low-frequency vibrations, while fast, high-frequency vibrations characterised the magnitude 4.1 quake. The magnitude 4.1 quake was also much closer to the lander -- only about 925 kilometres away.<br /><br />"Despite their differences, the two August quakes do have something in common other than being big: Both occurred during the day, the windiest -- and, to a seismometer, noisiest -- time on Mars," NASA said.<br /><br />InSight's seismometer usually finds marsquakes at night, when the planet cools off and winds are low. But the signals from these quakes were large enough to rise above any noise caused by wind, the US space agency noted.<br /><br /><strong>SEE ALSO:<br /><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/ecommerce/news/amazon-diwali-sale-starts-from-october-4/articleshow/86475984.cms">Amazon Great Indian Festival: month-long festive sale kicks off from October 4 onwards</a><br /></strong><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/aditya-birla-sun-life-amc-ipo-to-open-on-september-29-with-price-band-695-712-per-share/articleshow/86475370.cms"><strong>Aditya Birla Sun Life AMC’s ₹2768 crore IPO will open on September 29</strong></a>

NASA's InSight lander finds biggest Marsquakes on Red Planet

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The United Arab Emirates <keyword id="41531" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="space">Space</keyword> Agency released its first image of <keyword id="47638" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mars">Mars</keyword> on Sunday.</li><li>The photo was taken by its Hope Probe, which reached the red planet on Tuesday. </li><li><keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword>'s Perseverance rover is scheduled to land next Thursday. </li></ul><p>The United Arab Emirates Space Agency on Sunday released its first photo of Mars, taken by its Hope Probe. </p><p>"The transmission of the Hope Probe's first image of Mars is a defining moment in our history and marks the <keyword id="6358356" type="LOCATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="uae">UAE</keyword> joining advanced nations involved in space exploration," Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan said on <a href="https://twitter.com/MohamedBinZayed/status/1360882127164887042">Twitter</a>. </p><p>He added: "We hope this mission will lead to new discoveries about Mars which will benefit humanity."</p><p>On Tuesday, the UAE mission became the first from an Arab country to reach the red planet, Earth's neighbor. Space experts put the chance of entering Mars orbit at about 50%, <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/02/09/mars-probe-uae-attempts-to-become-first-arab-country-to-reach-mars-with-hope-probe.html">CNBC</a> reported. </p><p>The Hope Probe took about seven months to reach Mars. The UAE agency planned for it <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/united-arab-emirates-hope-probe-reaches-mars-orbit-2021-2">to orbit the red planet</a> for a full Martian year, about two Earth years, studying the planet's atmosphere, according to <a href="https://www.emiratesmarsmission.ae/mission/about-emm">the agency</a>. </p><p>The first image transmitted from the UAE probe was captured from 25,000 km above the planet's surface, according to the agency. </p><p>The UAE Hope Probe was one of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/three-mars-missions-arrive-february-from-nasa-china-uae-2021-1">three spacecraft</a> due to reach the red planet this month. China's Tianwen-1 craft, which shared its <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/chinese-tianwen-1-probe-first-picture-image-planet-mars-2021-2">first photo</a> of Mars on February 5, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-tianwen-1-probe-enters-orbit-mars-with-rover-2021-2">arrived</a> a day after the UAE probe. NASA's Perseverance rover <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-mars-rover-landing-jezero-crater-search-for-alien-life-2021-2">is scheduled to land</a> on the planet next Thursday. </p><p>In a video posted on Friday, an engineer at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory described the period of entry, descent, and landing on the planet as "seven minutes of terror."</p><p>After breaking the Martian atmosphere, Perseverance will take about seven minutes to reach the ground, said Swati Mohan, Mars 2020 Guidance, Navigation &amp; Control Operations lead. </p><p><em><strong>Read more: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/space-debris-junk-orbit-airbus-clearspace-astroscale-nasa-esa-contracts-2021-2?r=ks-sub">3 space startups chasing hundreds of millions of dollars by battling the biggest threat to the satellite boom</a></strong></em></p><p>"If there's one thing we know, it's that landing on Mars is never easy," said Marc Etkind, NASA associate administrator for communications, in a <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-invites-public-to-share-thrill-of-mars-perseverance-rover-landing">statement posted on NASA's website</a>.</p><p>When Perseverance lands on Thursday, it'll have a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-first-interplanetary-helicopter-in-perseverance-mars-rover-belly-2020-7">solar-powered helicopter</a> called Ingenuity in its belly. NASA plans to launch one or more flights within 30 days, according to its <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/technology/helicopter/">website</a>. </p>

The United Arab Emirates has released its first Mars photo, taken by the Hope Probe. It comes as NASA's rover approaches its descent on the red planet.

<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/nasa-insight-lander">NASA's Insight lander</a>, the first mission to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/mars">Mars</a> since 2012, is scheduled to land on the red planet Monday, November 26.</li><li>Once there, the lander will study Mars' temperature and check for marsquakes.</li><li>The landing is expected to be difficult because of the planet's thin atmosphere and potential dust storms.</li></ul><p><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/nasa-insight-lander">NASA's</a><span><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/nasa-insight-lander">&#xa0;InSight lander</a>, the first mission to study the deep interior of Mars, is scheduled to complete its six-month trip to the red planet on Monday afternoon.&#xa0;</span><span></span></p><p>InSight, the first spacecraft NASA has sent to Mars since the Curiosity rover landed there in 2012, will&#xa0;<a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-insight-lander-2018-3">drill about 16 feet down</a> to check the red planet's temperature and insert&#xa0;a seismometer into Martian soil to study marsquakes.</p><p>But before it can do any of that, the spacecraft has to land.&#xa0;</p><p><span>It won't be easy - the atmosphere on Mars is very thin compared to Earth's, so it does not produce enough friction for a spacecraft to slow down to a safe landing speed.&#xa0;Only 40% of missions to Mars have survived the landing; the United States is the only country to have successfully landed anything on the red planet.</span></p><p><span>According to NASA, the InSight lander will enter the Martian atmosphere going about 12,300 mph. It will only have about 6.5 minutes to slow down to about 5 mph, which it will do by using a parachute and firing descent thrusters. </span><span>If everything goes according to plan, the spacecraft is expected to land&#xa0;on a flat, stable surface at Elysium Planitia - a broad Martian plain with few rocks or boulders - at about 3 p.m. EST on Monday.&#xa0;</span></p><p><span>InSight's design, including its heat shield and parachute, <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/press_kits/insight/landing/">are very similar</a> to that of NASA's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/2008/5/nasa-s-phoenix-mars-landing-where-to-watch-on-the-web">Phoenix spacecraft</a>, which successfully landed near Mars' north pole in 2008. However, InSight will have more mass when it enters the Martian atmosphere than Phoenix did, which makes the landing more challenging. The new spacecraft is also expected to touch down at a higher elevation than Phoenix did, which means it will have less atmosphere to rely on for slowing down.&#xa0;</span></p><p><span>The InSight mission is led by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.</span><span>&#xa0;InSight, which <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/watch-nasa-mars-insight-lander-launch-live-2018-5">set off from California's Vandenberg Air Force Base</a> in May, was the first interplanetary rocket that NASA has launched from the West Coast. The lander left Earth accompanied by two small Mars-bound satellites that are collectively called Mars Cube One.</span><span></span></p><p><em><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/planet-mars-image-nasa-marco-cubesat-2018-10">A tiny satellite bound for Mars just snapped a picture that makes the red planet look puny and insignificant</a></em></p><p><span>Once set up, InSight will stretch 20 feet long and weigh about 800 pounds. It'll be powered by two 7-foot-wide solar arrays. To measure marsquakes (which are similar to earthquakes but, of course, not on Earth), the lander has</span><span>&#xa0;antennas that can record how much the planet shakes and wobbles. This data could help scientists determine whether Mars' core is solid or liquid.&#xa0;</span></p><p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><p><span> The lander is supposed to collect data on Mars until at least November 2020.&#xa0;</span>NASA hopes to use this information to draw new comparisons between the interiors of Earth and the red planet. Eventually, the research could be used to learn more about which types of Earth-like exoplanets could support life.&#xa0;</p><p><span>On Monday, NASA will be relying on other spacecraft and radio telescopes on Earth to monitor InSight's radio signals and determine when it reaches the red planet.&#xa0;</span>The lander's design should allow it to<span>&#xa0;touch down safely on Monday even if it reaches Elysium Planitia during a dust storm, thanks to the thick heat shield that protects InSight from dust.&#xa0;</span><span></span></p><p>Although the entire&#xa0;<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/how-nasa-will-know-when-insight-touches-down">landing won't be captured on video</a>, NASA will broadcast live commentary and updates, along with photos showing InSight's descent.</p><p><span></span>You can watch the landing commentary live on NASA's stream below, starting around 2 p.m. ET on Monday:</p><p>&#xa0;</p><div></div>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pretending-live-on-mars-nasa-research-experiment-2018-1">What it's like to pretend to live on Mars for 8 months</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

NASA's Mars lander is just days from reaching the red planet - here's how to watch the InSight landing live

In a first, the <keyword id="9577365" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="perseverance-rover">Perseverance rover</keyword> on Mars is set to deploy a mini-helicopter named Ingenuity that will fly and explore the <keyword id="6385434" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="red-planet">Red Planet</keyword>.<br /><br />After dropping the debris shield, <keyword id="30862" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="perseverance">Perseverance</keyword> will spend next couple of days following the Ingenuity's <keyword id="10978111" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="flight-zone">flight zone</keyword> on Mars.<br /><br />"Away goes the debris shield, and here's our first look at the helicopter. It's stowed sideways, folded up and locked in place, so there's some reverse origami to do before I can set it down. First though, I'll be off to the designated "helipad," a couple days' drive from here," the rover team said in a tweet on Monday.<br /><br /><keyword id="6360409" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword> expects the first test flight of the four-pound, four-blade rotorcraft to come "no earlier than the first week of April".<br /><br />The teams operating Ingenuity and NASA's Mars 2020 Perseverance rover have chosen the flight zone where the helicopter will attempt the first powered, controlled flights on another planet.<br /><br />Perseverance -- with Ingenuity attached to its belly -- landed in Jezero Crater on February 18. <br /><br />Ingenuity is a technology demonstration with a limited test flight duration of up to 31 days (30 Mars days, or sols). <br /><br />"The rover will deploy the helicopter and provide environmental monitoring and imaging support. It also hosts Ingenuity's base station, enabling communication with mission controllers on <keyword id="6359982" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="earth">Earth</keyword>," according to NASA.<br /><br />NASA's Ingenuity <keyword id="2700085" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="mars-helicopter">Mars Helicopter</keyword> is the first aircraft humanity has sent to another planet to attempt powered, controlled flight. <br /><br />If its experimental flight test program succeeds, the data returned could benefit future explorations of the Red Planet -- including those by astronauts -- by adding the aerial dimension, which is not available today.<br /><br /><br /><strong>SEE ALSO:<br /><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/how-to-fix-android-apps-crashing-issue-on-your-mobile/articleshow/81646271.cms">Android apps are crashing and Google is working on a fix – here’s how to fix the issue</a><br /><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/finance/banks/news/indias-supreme-court-waives-compound-interest-on-all-loans-put-under-moratorium-due-to-covid-19-pandemic/articleshow/81645705.cms">India’s Supreme Court waives compound interest on ALL loans put under moratorium due to COVID-19 pandemic</a><br /></strong><a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/oneplus-9-pro-oneplus-9-and-oneplus-watch-to-launch-in-india-today-how-to-watch-live-stream-price-features-and-more/articleshow/81644503.cms"><strong>OnePlus 9 Pro, OnePlus 9 and OnePlus Watch to launch in India today – How to watch live stream, price, features and more</strong></a><br />

NASA set to deploy its mini helicopter Ingenuity on Mars

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-first-mars-landing-zhurong-rover-and-lander-2021-5">China's Zhurong rover</a>, which landed on <keyword id="47638" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mars">Mars</keyword> one week ago, has completed its first test drive.</li><li>This makes <keyword id="1334" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="China">China</keyword> only the second nation ever to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-to-attempt-mars-rover-landing-2021-5">operate a rover</a> on the red planet.</li><li>Zhurong's cameras have already beamed back <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/china-zhurong-rover-mars-photos-2021-5">photos of the Martian landscape</a>.</li></ul><p>China has become only the second nation to ever drive a <keyword id="155626" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Rover">rover</keyword> on Mars, joining the US.</p><p>After successfully touching down on the red planet on May 15, the Chinese National <keyword id="41531" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="space">Space</keyword> Administration's Zhurong rover sat tight on its landing pad, charging up as its solar panels soaked in energy from the sun.</p><p>On Saturday, the rover - named after a god of fire in Chinese mythology - finally left its lander behind.</p><p>At 10:40 am Beijing time, Zhurong rolled down a ramp and onto the Martian surface, according to a post on the rover's social media account, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/science/china-says-martian-rover-takes-first-drive-surface-red-planet-2021-05-22/">Reuters reported</a>.</p><div type="image" title="china mars zhurong rover" height="2992" width="2984" msid="82861152" hostid="261"></div><p>According to China's state media outlet, <a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-05/22/c_139963582.htm">Xinhua</a>, the rover then completed its first test drive, "leaving the country's first 'footprints' on the red planet." </p><p>The mission that brought Zhurong to Mars is called Tianwen-1, meaning "questions to heaven." It's the first Mars mission ever to send a spacecraft into the planet's orbit, drop a landing platform onto the Martian surface, and deploy a rover all in one expedition. </p><h2>Exploring a volcanic-rock field for signs of water ice</h2><div type="image" title="zhurong rover mars china" height="2436" width="3248" msid="82861153" hostid="261"></div><p>The Tianwen-1 lander carried Zhurong inside of it down to Mars' Utopia Planitia - a giant plain in the planet's northern hemisphere.</p><p>Now that it's ready to roll, Zhurong will explore the plain and search for underground water ice, while also capturing 3D images of the surface and examining the chemical make-up of Martian soil.</p><p>Utopia Planitia is a vast field of ancient volcanic rock that may have extensive reserves of water ice beneath its surface. If space agencies like NASA and CNSA send humans to Mars one day, water would be a crucial resource because it can both sustain astronauts and get broken down into hydrogen and oxygen for rocket fuel. It's unlikely Mars-bound spaceships could carry enough water, oxygen, and hydrogen for the entire journey there and back.</p><div type="image" title="china mars zhurong rover" height="2992" width="2968" msid="82861155" hostid="261"></div><p>On Wednesday, China released Zhurong's first photos from the red planet.</p><p>The color image below, taken by the rover's navigation camera, shows Zhurong' sitting atop the Tianwen-1 lander with its solar panels unfolded.</p><div type="image" title="china mars rover zhurong" height="2400" width="2400" msid="82861158" hostid="261"></div><h2>A rover with an active suspension system</h2><p>Zhurong becomes the sixth rover ever to successfully operate on Mars. In the last 24 years, NASA landed and drove five rovers. The Soviet Union managed to land a rover in 1971, but lost contact with it before the mission could begin.</p><p>At 530 pounds, Zhurong is about the size of the twin Spirit and Opportunity rovers NASA put on Mars in 2004.</p><p> Zhurong has about 90 days to study the red planet. (That's its official mission timeline, but Spirit and Opportunity had the same three-month window and ended up exploring Mars for six and 14 years, respectively.)</p><p>The Chinese rover can move about 656 feet (200 m) per hour, and drive up and over obstacles that are a foot tall, <a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-05/22/c_139963582.htm">Xinhua reported</a>.</p><p>What makes Zhurong unique, however, is its active suspension system. </p><p>NASA's rovers, including Perseverance, use a <a href="http://robotics.estec.esa.int/i-SAIRAS/isairas2014/Data/Session%204a/ISAIRAS_FinalPaper_0061.pdf">passive suspension system</a> called rocker-bogie, which helps the vehicles put the same amount of weight on each of their six wheels. This minimizes how much the rovers tilt over uneven terrain. </p><p>But each of Zhurong's six wheels can be controlled independently, and its active suspension system may adjust how much weight needs to go on each wheel to help rover climb steeper slopes or obstacles.</p><p>"It could help the rover get out of trouble" if Zhurong encounters loose sandy soil or densely distributed rocks, Jia Yang, deputy chief designer of the Tianwen-1 mission, told Xinhua.</p><div type="image" title="NASA Perseverance " height="2160" width="3840" msid="82861160" hostid="261"></div><p>Now that the Tianwen-1 lander and Zhurong rover have reached Mars, NASA's Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter are no longer the red planet's newest arrivals.</p><p>Perseverance touched down on Mars three months ago carrying Ingenuity, in part of the planet called the Jezero Crater.</p><p>It's unlikely China and the US's rovers will ever cross paths. While both Utopia Planitia and the Jezero Crater are in Mars' northern hemisphere, the distance between the two landing sites is <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/19/22443640/china-tianwen-1-first-images-zhurong-mars-rover-landing#:~:text=NASA's%20most%20recent%20rover%2C%20Perseverance,at%20Utopia%20Planitia%20in%201976.)76.)">about 1,000 miles</a>.</p><p><em>Morgan McFall-Johnsen contributed reporting to this story. </em></p>

China's Mars rover has made its first tracks on the red planet

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="https://images.nasa.gov/details-PIA22318.html">NASA/JPL-Caltech</a></span></p><p class="caption">An engineer tests the solar arrays of NASA's Mars Cube One satellite, or MarCO.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><ul><li><strong>NASA's <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/nasa-insight-lander" target="_blank" rel="noopener">InSight Mars lander</a> launched on May 5 and will reach the red planet on November 26.</strong></li><li><strong>But two small satellites, collectively called <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/earth-moon-photo-from-mars-cube-one-satellite-2018-5">Mars Cube One</a>, are also nearing the world.</strong></li><li><strong>One of these backpack-size "CubeSat" spacecraft recently took a photo of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/mars" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Mars</a> from 8 million miles away.</strong></li><li><strong>Mars glows bright red-orange in the picture, but the world also looks incredibly small - and even <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/mars-colonization" target="_blank" rel="noopener">conquerable</a>.</strong></li></ul><p>Mars is a sizable planet about nine times the mass of our moon. The latest scientific research also suggests Mars, despite looking like a giant desert, may harbor enough subsurface water and warmth to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/martian-oasis-water-extraterrestrial-life-2017-5">support microbial life</a> today.</p><p>But against the deep, dark backdrop of space, the rusty-red world looks as <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/earth-is-heaven-james-lovell-lunar-astronaut-2017-3">humble</a> and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-photos-earth-moon-from-deep-space-2017-3">insignificant</a> as Earth.</p><p>NASA recently underscored this stark reality with a <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2018-243" target="_blank" rel="noopener">newly released image</a> taken by a tiny satellite that's closing in on <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mars-facts-statistics-2017-5">Mars</a>.</p><p>The picture was taken from about 8 million miles away by one of two backpack-size CubeSats, collectively known as Mars Cube One, or MarCO.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span><a href="http://www.planetary.org/multimedia/space-images/mars/global-view-of-mars-from-mom-meridiani.html">ISRO/ISSDC/Emily Lakdawalla (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)</a></span></p><p class="caption">A photo illustration of the red planet using imagery taken by the Mars Orbiter Mission.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>The two satellites - MarCO-A and MarCO-B, nicknamed by their creators "EVE" and "Wall-E," respectively - launched on May 5. They hitched a ride with NASA's much-larger, car-size <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-insight-lander-2018-3">InSight lander</a>, which is scheduled to land on Mars on November 26.</p><p>The MarCO satellites are officially the smallest spacecraft ever flown past the moon. They're also a crucial test for NASA to see how small it can shrink its spacecraft, and how far it can send them into the solar system.</p><p>The tinier a deep-space satellite can be, the more of them the space agency can afford to build and launch, as well as faster and more often (since <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/falcon-heavy-spacex-epic-rocket-launch-in-person-2018-2">powerful rockets</a> are still <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-elon-musk-competition-companies-rockets-2018-3">very expensive</a>).</p><p>Traveling at a speed of about 6,200 mph, the two CubeSats have spent six months and logged some 248 million miles "chasing" Mars as the planet orbits the sun. NASA expects them both to slip into orbit as InSight lands, helping relay unprecedented data about the robot's landing back to Earth in (relative) real-time.</p><p>Until then, MarCO's systems are being intermittently tested. On October 2, MarCO-B swung Mars into view during camera, rotation, and communications test and snapped the photo below.</p><p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>NASA/JPL-Caltech</span></p><p class="caption">One of NASA's twin MarCO spacecraft took this image of Mars on October 2, 2018 - the first time a CubeSat, a kind of low-cost, briefcase-sized spacecraft - has done so.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>"We've been waiting six months to get to Mars," Cody Colley, who manages the MarCO mission for NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said in <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2018-243" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a press release</a>. "The cruise phase of the mission is always difficult, so you take all the small wins when they come. Finally seeing the planet is definitely a big win for the team."</p><p>The picture was taken from 8 million miles away - cosmically close, since the red planet is an average of 140 million miles from Earth.</p><p>Yet Mars still looks like an infinitesimal red dot in the image. (The objects on the periphery are parts of the spacecraft.)</p><p>Previously, the MarCO team honored Carl Sagan's "Pale Blue Dot" image by using MarCO-B to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/earth-moon-photo-from-mars-cube-one-satellite-2018-5">photograph Earth from 621,371 miles away</a>. Earth looked similarly feeble in that image.</p><p>On the flipside, the image shows Mars is not an infinite plane <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/entire-universe-picture-logarithmic-map-2017-6">like the rest of the universe</a>.</p><p>To someone like <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/elon-musk">Elon Musk</a>, who is trying to use his rocket company, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/space-x">SpaceX</a>, to build <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-big-falcon-spaceship-construction-musk-mars-missions-2018-9">a giant reusable spaceship</a> capable of reaching the red planet, the picture might make Mars look that much more <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-spacex-mars-plan-timeline-2018-10">conquerable</a>.</p>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mars-map-show-where-humans-will-live-on-mars-2018-3">Animated map of Mars reveals where humans should build the first Martian cities</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div>

A tiny satellite bound for Mars just snapped a picture that makes the red planet look puny and insignificant

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword> said its return to the <keyword id="42440" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="Moon">moon</keyword> would be a step toward a crewed <keyword id="47638" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Mars">Mars</keyword> mission.</li><li>"It's something I hoped I would see," said Scott Hubbard, a former Mars program leader. </li><li>NASA last week flew a helicopter and produced oxygen on Mars, good signals for future missions. </li></ul><p>When NASA <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spacex-elon-musk-nasa-lunar-landing-astronauts-2021-4">announced its partnership</a> with <keyword id="6360701" type="DEFINITION" weightage="60" keywordseo="spacex">SpaceX</keyword> to return to the moon by 2024, Scott Hubbard, who formerly led the agency's Mars program, was hoping there would be some news about future crewed trips to the Red Planet. </p><p>He wasn't disappointed. The <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/as-artemis-moves-forward-nasa-picks-spacex-to-land-next-americans-on-moon">press release</a> from NASA mentioned Mars a few times, positioning the trip to the moon as an important step toward an eventual Mars mission.</p><p>"It's something I hoped I would see," Hubbard, who is also a SpaceX advisor, said in a phone interview on Thursday. "So that it's clear ... that they're keeping their eye on the Mars goal and working toward it in this interim fashion."</p><p>NASA's announcement about the moon mission came amid a flood of news about Mars, where the agency landed its <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mars-landing-nasa-perseverance-rover-touches-down-in-jezero-crater-2021-2">Perseverance rover</a> earlier this year.</p><p>On Monday, NASA's Ingenuity helicopter made history with <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-ingenuity-helicopter-flies-on-mars-2021-4">the first powered, controlled flight</a> on another planet. The rover later <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-perseverance-rover-moxie-device-turns-carbon-dioxide-into-oxygen-2021-4">converted</a> carbon dioxide into oxygen for the first time. Both events were seen as small steps toward a crewed trip to the Red Planet. </p><p>Elon Musk, the founder of SpaceX, has often said he wanted to get people to Mars as soon as possible. He expected to have <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-plans-1-million-people-to-mars-by-2050-2020-1">1 million people</a> on Mars by 2050, he said last year.</p><p>This year, he said he was confident the first crewed mission would happen in 2026 but <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-spacex-starship-humans-mars-mission-2026-experts-question-2021-2">some experts expressed skepticism</a>. <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-starship-land-humans-on-moon-by-2024-2021-4">At a press briefing</a> on Friday, Musk said the first trip could be in "a couple years."</p><p>Moving quickly in <keyword id="41531" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="space">space</keyword> exploration brings with it a great risk. Musk seemed to acknowledge this, saying at another event this week that <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-mars-announcing-100-million-xprize-carbon-contest-2021-4">"a bunch of people will probably die"</a> as crews venture toward the Red Planet. This would be similar to any prior danger associated with exploration, he added. </p><p>NASA is taking incremental steps, said Hubbard. First, the agency's going to learn to live and work on the moon. Setting up a permanent base on the moon will be a learning experience, which will help when crews eventually land on Mars.</p><p>It takes about three days to get to the moon but about seven months to get to the Red Planet. Hubbard said he was enthusiastic about Mars, but also wanted astronauts to be able to return to Earth. </p><p>"There's been talk about one-way trips," Hubbard said with a laugh. "I'm not a fan of that, but some people are." </p>

NASA's former Mars leader says the agency is 'keeping their eye' on a crewed mission to the Red Planet

<p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"><p class="source"><span>REUTERS/NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Arizona</span></p><p class="caption">A location on Mars associated with the best-selling novel and Hollywood movie, "The Martian" This area is in the Acidalia Planitia region and in the novel and the movie, it is the landing site of a crewed mission named Ares 3.</p></div><p></p></div></div></p><p>The surface of Mars is weird and beautiful.</p><p>For six years now, since its landing on August 5, 2012, the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/category/mars-curiosity-rover">Mars Curiosity rover</a> has been <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-mars-curiosity-rover-selfie-from-gale-crater-and-mount-sharp-2018-2">exploring one area of our next-planet neighbor</a>.</p><p>Curiosity has spent all of its time in the Gale Crater, where it's traveled just over 12 miles, yet the rover has captured plenty of stunning images. NASA has also collected photos of the Martian surface using spacecraft and other rovers like <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-mars-opportunity-rover-15th-birthday-photos-2018-7">Opportunity, which is more than 15 years old</a>.</p><p>At times, photos of the surface of Mars depict the prototypical idea of the red planet: rocky, dry, dusty, and not unlike a desert you might see on Earth. Yet other formations of craters and canyons are completely different from anything on our planet - there are patches of dark and light colors, carbon dioxide dry ice, and otherworldly patterns.</p><p>There's weather too, like the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mars-dust-storm-pictures-opportunity-rover-2018-6">huge dust storm</a> that recently covered the entire planet.</p><p>Here are some of the images that show how stunning the surface of Mars really is, though there's still far more to be discovered, of course. Just recently, scientists announced that they think there might be a <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mars-may-have-liquid-water-2018-7">12-mile-long lake of liquid water hidden</a> underneath one of the red planet's ice caps.</p>

NASA's Curiosity rover has been exploring Mars for 6 years now - here's what the red planet's surface looks like up close

<p></p><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div><ul><li><strong><a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/category/mars">Mars</a> will be at its closest point to our planet in 15 years throughout July, making for some prime nighttime viewing.</strong></li><li><strong>That's because of a phenomenon called perihelic opposition, in which Earth's and Mars' orbits align, bringing the two planets closer together.&#xa0;</strong></li><li><strong>Perihelic opposition only occurs once every 15 to 17 years, so get out there and find the red planet in the sky.&#xa0;</strong></li></ul><p><a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/category/mars">Mars</a> will look brighter in the night sky over the next six weeks than it has appeared in 15 years.</p><p>That's because the red planet will be at its closest point to Earth since 2003 throughout June and July, as our planet passes between Mars and the sun.</p><p>On July 31, when Mars will be at its brightest, it'll be&#xa0;<span>35.8 million miles away from Earth, <a href="https://weather.com/science/space/news/2018-06-13-mars-brighter-closer-since-2003">according to The Weather Channel</a>.&#xa0;</span></p><p><span>Mars will be easily visible to the naked eye throughout July, outshining all but the brightest stars as it gets to its closest point.</span></p><p><span>The reason for this is a phenomenon called perihelic opposition. In simple terms, opposition is when Earth passes directly between Mars and the sun. Last month, Jupiter was <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/jupiter-in-opposition-on-may-8-2018-5">in opposition</a> to our planet, swinging within 409 million miles of Earth.&#xa0;</span></p><p><span>Mars opposition happens every two years or so - the last one came in May&#xa0;2016. But this year is special because&#xa0;within a few weeks of the opposition, the red planet will also hit its closest point to the sun in its orbit, a point called the perihelion.</span></p><p><span>Perihelic opposition occurs only once every 15 to 17 years, when Earth's and Mars' orbits align to bring the two planets close together, according to <a href="https://mars.nasa.gov/allaboutmars/nightsky/opposition/">NASA</a>.&#xa0;</span></p><p><span>But while Mars may look bright and beautiful from your backyard, the reality on the planet is much less friendly. A <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/mars-dust-storm-pictures-opportunity-rover-2018-6">dust storm</a>&#xa0;is currently walloping Mars, covering around 10 billion acres of the red planet's surface. That's an area equivalent to the size of North America and Russia, and it takes up a quarter of Mars' surface area.&#xa0;</span></p><p><span>"The storm is one of the most intense ever observed on the Red Planet," NASA said in&#xa0;<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-to-hold-media-teleconference-on-martian-dust-storm-mars-opportunity-rover">a press release</a>.</span></p><p><span>NASA put its solar-powered <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/category/opportunity-rover">Opportunity</a> rover in sleep mode to ride out the storm, but its unclear whether the aging rover will be able to function again after the storm ends. </span></p><p>The image below shows a series of pictures that NASA simulated from the perspective of the Opportunity rover. They give a sense of what the sun and sky have looked like from Mars' surface - at the brightest time of the day - as the storm has worsened. In the far-right picture, the sun is entirely blotted out to Opportunity.</p><p><span><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image on-image"></div><p></p></div></div></span></p><p><span>NASA's newer <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/category/curiosity">Curiosity</a>&#xa0;rover runs on nuclear power and is located in an area of Mars that has been less affected by the dust storm, so it seems to be doing fine. </span></p><p><span>The animation below shows the dust storm spreading (it's that orangeish blob), with the locations of the Opportunity and Curiosity rovers labeled.</span></p><p>&#xa0;</p><div><div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:54%"></div></div>    <div class="margin-top">        <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/controlling-weather-in-future-2018-5">How we'll control the weather in 100 years</a></h3>        <div>                    </div>    </div></hr>

Mars will come closer to Earth in the coming weeks than it has been in 15 years - here's how to see it

<p><div class="image-container float_right" style="width:400px"><div class="image"></div><p class="source"><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/multimedia/images/red-dwarf-planet.html">D. Aguilar/Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics</a></p><p class="caption">he artist's conception shows a hypothetical <keyword id="46100" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="planet">planet</keyword> with two moons orbiting in the habitable zone of a red dwarf star. </p></div>Humanity's next home could be circling a strange type of star, known as a red dwarf, a new study suggests.</p>
<p>A red dwarf is a type of star that is smaller than our sun. They are also cooler and fainter. Because of that, a planet orbiting these <keyword id="6370911" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="stars">stars</keyword> would need to be closer to it than we are to the sun.</p>
<p>The new study found that planets that circle these weakling stars at a certain distance could be habitable — meaning the planet could have liquid water and potentially support life. It will be published in an upcoming issue <a href="http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/2013/pr201305.html">of The Astrophysical Journal. </a></p>
<p>The researchers, are the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, used data from NASA's Kepler telescope (which has been searching for planets circling other stars since 2009) to determine that about six percent of red dwarves have an Earth-sized planet in their habitable zone.</p>
<p>They actually found three planets from the survey that could be good candidates, but they are between 300 and 600 light-years away. They are: 1422.02, which is 90 percent the size of <keyword id="6359982" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="60" keywordseo="earth">Earth</keyword> in a 20-day orbit; KOI-2626.01, 1.4 times the size of Earth in a 38-day orbit; and KOI-854.01, 1.7 times the size of Earth in a 56-day orbit.</p>
<p>Red dwarves are by far the most common stars out there (they make up 75 percent of stars), but they aren't as easy to see as brighter stars. Actually, none of the stars we see in the sky are red dwarves, but they are out there en masse.</p>
<p>Because many of our sun's neighbors are red dwarves, the researchers that statistically, it's possible that there could be an Earth-like planet just 13 light-years away.</p>
<p>The researchers don't know if life could exist on such a planet, though, because being closer to your sun means the planets are more at risk from solar flares, gravity, and radiation from the sun. Interestingly, since it would be so close to the star, the planet would be tidally locked — meaning it would have a dark side and a light side.</p>
<p>It could also be much older than Earth, since red dwarves live much longer star-lives than larger stars like our sun.</p>

There Could Be A Habitable Planet Just 13 Light Years Away From Earth

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The European Space Agency (ESA) is live-streamed images from Mars with its Mars Express satellite.</li><li>It was the first time images have been streamed in near real-time from Mars, per ESA. </li></ul><p>See Mars like never before.</p><p>The European Space Agency (ESA) just completed its first-ever live stream of images from its <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/stunning-images-show-dried-up-tree-like-river-system-on-mars-2019-3">Mars Express</a> satellite today, providing space fans with multiple close-ups of the red planet.</p><p>Here are some of the images from the live stream taken today that ESA posted on its <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/esa_marswebcam/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Mars Webcam Flickr page</a>. This first photo was taken from an altitude of about 3,900 km (2,400 miles) above Mars. </p><div type="image" title="Photo of Mars from space." height="480" width="640" msid="100712109" hostid="261" sizebytes="15492"></div><p>These images are being sent nearly 190 million miles back to Earth, and take about 16 minutes and 44 seconds to reach us. It's "the closest you can get to a live view from the Red Planet," ESA <a href="https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Operations/Tune_in_for_first_Mars_livestream" target="_blank" rel="noopener">said</a> in a statement.  </p><p>The achievement is an engineering feat for ESA's Mars Express satellite, which was launched 20 years ago today and has been orbiting Mars for nearly as long. </p><p>This next image from today's live stream was taken during Mars Express's orbit number 24,516. That's how many times it has circled the red planet in the last 20 years.</p><div type="image" title="Image of Mars from space." height="480" width="640" msid="100712111" hostid="261" sizebytes="5420"></div><p>Part of the live stream was interrupted due to inclement weather in Spain, where satellites that capture data from Mars Express live. </p><p>Still, over a dozen images were returned. You can see them all on <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/esa_marswebcam/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Flickr</a>. </p><h2>Mars Express is an engineering marvel </h2><div type="image" title="A composite of Mars Express images shows the satellite approaching Mars. Half of the planet is shaded" height="360" width="480" msid="100702753" hostid="261"></div><p>Mars Express was never meant to be in operation this long. Its primary purpose was to record the landing of the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/r-the-beagle-has-landed-britains-missing-spacecraft-found-on-mars-2015-1">Beagle 2</a> lander about 20 years ago. </p><p>But its camera continued beaming images back to Earth in batches. It has become a favorite of space enthusiasts, as the images are uploaded every couple of days to an ESA <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/esa_marswebcam/albums/72157647468474853/with/16037006602/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Flickr account,</a> ESA said. </p><div type="image" title="An artist's impresion of the Mars express satellite shows a satellite floating above the Mars surface." height="640" width="853" msid="100702755" hostid="261"></div><p>But this is the first time the agency will be attempting to stream these images live, in celebration of the probe's 20th anniversary. </p><p>The satellite isn't just there for fun. The pictures have helped scientists make discoveries about Mars. </p><p>"We developed new, more sophisticated methods of operations and image processing, to get better results from the camera, turning it into Mars Express's 8th science instrument," explains ESA's Jorge Hernández Bernal, who is part of the team analyzing these images. </p><p>"From these images, we discovered a great deal, including the evolution of a rare elongated cloud formation hovering above one of Mars' most famous volcanoes – the 20 km-high Arsia Mons," he said. </p><div type="image" title="A picture shows an elongated cloud near the equator of Mars." height="490" width="652" msid="100702758" hostid="261"></div><p>Using this picture, scientists figure out that winds hitting this dead volcano were rapidly cooling, leading to <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-photo-mars-meteor-impact-caused-quake-revealed-water-ice-2022-10">water ice</a> condensation and clouds forming. However, why the cloud is stretched out is still a mystery, per ESA. </p>

First-ever livestream from Mars beamed back images from the red planet despite technical difficulties

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="6360409" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Nasa">NASA</keyword> may have contaminated Mars with life, according to an Ivy League scientist. </li><li>Life discovered on the Red Planet might have "originated in NASA labs," said Christopher Mason.</li><li>Microbes can wreak havoc when they arrive at a new ecosystem, he wrote in a <a href="https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20210510-could-the-perseverance-rover-have-carried-life-to-mars">BBC article</a>. </li></ul><p>As explorations on the Red Planet continue, a Cornell scientist questioned whether life discovered on Mars might have actually "originated on Earth in NASA labs," <a href="https://thehill.com/changing-america/sustainability/environment/553292-ivy-league-scientist-says-nasa-may-have">The Hill reported</a>. </p><p>Christopher Mason, a professor at Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, said such a scenario could have occurred despite rigorous cleaning processes and spacecraft assembly in specialized rooms. </p><p>Mason wrote in depth about the subject<a href="https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20210510-could-the-perseverance-rover-have-carried-life-to-mars"> in an article for the BBC. </a>Spacecraft, like NASA's Mars rover, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-perseverance-supercam-results-mars-key-developments-2021-3">Perseverance</a>, are built in thoroughly sterilized rooms - with air filters and strict biological procedures - one layer at a time, with all equipment cleaned before it is added to the machine, he explained.</p><p>These methods restrict bacteria, viruses, or fungi on machinery to be sent on a mission. </p><p>"But, it is almost impossible to get to zero biomass on a spacecraft," wrote Mason. "Microbes have been on Earth for billions of years, and they are everywhere. They are inside us, on our bodies, and all around us. Some can sneak through even the cleanest of clean rooms."</p><p>In two recent studies conducted by Mason, he highlights how some <a href="https://microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40168-021-01020-1">organisms might survive</a> the cleaning process and also the trip to Mars, as well as how <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.639396/full">fast microbial species can grow</a> while in space. </p><p>"It turns out that clean rooms might serve as an evolutionary selection process for the hardiest bugs that then may have a greater chance of surviving a journey to Mars," he wrote.</p><p>Clean rooms at <a href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/">NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory</a> pose the greatest risk as evidence of microbes with greater resistance against radiation and cold environments have been found. </p><p>Mason added that if these microbes appear on Mars, it would cause what researchers refer to as "forward contamination," which is when humanity might bring something from one planet to another, intentionally or unintentionally.</p><p>He warned that the microbes can "wreak havoc" when they arrive at a new ecosystem and that they may also pose detrimental threats to astronaut's health.</p><p>Perseverance landed on Mars in February and began looking for signs that might indicate ancient life on the Red Planet.</p><p>NASA said it has been taking extra precautions to ensure all samples returned from Mars will be safely contained. Scientists, however, are aware that tests may need to be conducted to ensure findings are Martian in origin.</p>

You Searched For "red planet" and got 12 results

NASA's InSight lander finds biggest Marsquakes on Red Planet

IANS

The United Arab Emirates has released its first Mars photo, taken by the Hope Probe. It comes as NASA's rover approaches its descent on the red planet.

Kevin Shalvey

NASA's Mars lander is just days from reaching the red planet - here's how to watch the InSight landing live

Peter Kotecki

NASA set to deploy its mini helicopter Ingenuity on Mars

IANS

China's Mars rover has made its first tracks on the red planet

Aylin Woodward

A tiny satellite bound for Mars just snapped a picture that makes the red planet look puny and insignificant

Dave Mosher

NASA's former Mars leader says the agency is 'keeping their eye' on a crewed mission to the Red Planet

Kevin Shalvey

NASA's Curiosity rover has been exploring Mars for 6 years now - here's what the red planet's surface looks like up close

Kevin Loria

Mars will come closer to Earth in the coming weeks than it has been in 15 years - here's how to see it

Jeremy Berke

There Could Be A Habitable Planet Just 13 Light Years Away From Earth

Jennifer Welsh

First-ever livestream from Mars beamed back images from the red planet despite technical difficulties

Marianne Guenot

Life detected on Mars might have actually originated in NASA labs, according to an Ivy League scientist

Zahra Tayeb

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