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<ul><li>NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) is likely to face a seven-month delay in being launch ready according to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) audit of COVID-19’s impact.</li><li>The audit also pegged the monetary impact at $10.4 million in 2020 so far with the cost expected to balloon by $36 million in the long run.</li><li>The NISAR project between NASA and <keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword> is expected to be the first of its kind to deliver high-resolution images on the Earth’s surface to track local changes and measure regional trends.</li></ul>The landmark satellite project of the <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (ISRO) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to capture the first-ever high-resolution images of the planet is set to face a seven-month delay.<br /><br />The launch was initially scheduled for January 2023 abroad ISRO's GSLV Mark-II launch vehicle. <br /><br />        <div type="Video" msid="81842074" hostid="261" title="How NISAR Will Deploy After Launch" dataSource="BUSINESSINSIDER" thumbUrl="https://denmark.timesinternet.in/cmslite/api/app/images.jpg?msid=81842074"></div><br />NASA’s most recent audit of its budget and impact of the pandemic shows that the cost of the project dubbed NISAR has already ballooned by $10.4 million in 2020. As the shadow of the pandemic continues to loom, the programme is estimated to get more expensive by a whopping $36 million.<br /><br />NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) is among NASA’s projects to be the most significantly impacted. <br /><br />NASA’s audit reveals that a few activities continued unhindered, a moderate amount proceeded at a reduced level because of limited access to facilities and significant number of activities were essentially suspended with NASA shutting 12 of its 18 major facilities. <br /><br /><cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="What is NISAR?" comment="subhead" text="What is NISAR?"><span data-til="noop">What is NISAR?</span></cmsannotation><br />NISAR’s high resolution images will be used to track local changes and measure regional trends. <br /><br />The data will provide scientists with a better understanding of the causes and consequences of changes on the surface of land. NASA and ISRO hope that scientists will use this information to figure out how resources can be better managed as well as address the burgeoning problem of global warming.<br /><br />        <div type="Video" msid="81842153" hostid="261" title="Global Biomass Mapping by NISAR" dataSource="BUSINESSINSIDER" thumbUrl="https://denmark.timesinternet.in/cmslite/api/app/images.jpg?msid=81842153"></div><br /><cmsannotation type="cmsannotation" annotationid="What is causing delays for NISAR?" comment="subhead" text="What is causing delays for NISAR?"><span data-til="noop">What is causing delays for NISAR?</span></cmsannotation><br />All activities around NISAR were forced to come to a stop in mid-March 2020, according to NASA. Limited activities focused on the project’s hardware were resumed later during the same month. <br /><br />However, the remaining hardware activities did not come back full throttle until early June 2020.<br /><br />The project was also subject to delays from domestic and international partners. For instance, Boeing’s manufacturing operation underwent an initial two-month-long delay in March 2020. It faced another five-week long delay in August 2020 due to COVID-19 exposure. <br /><br />As of September 2020, teams working on the NISAR project at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) were at near-normal levels. <br /><br />        <div type="image" title="NISAR_edited" msid="81841660" hostid="261" caption="&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Members of the NISAR mission at NASA&amp;#39;s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California received the S-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) from their partner in India on 20 March 2021&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"></div><br /><strong>SEE ALSO:<br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/environment/news/google-bmw-volvo-and-samsung-ban-on-deep-sea-mining-could-favour-india-but-the-country-has-its-own-plans-to-exploit-ocean-resources/articleshow/81777647.cms">India has the most to gain from Google, BMW and Volvo’s call for a ban on deep-sea mining — but it has its own plans to exploit resources under the ocean</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/environment/news/earth-lost-more-arctic-sea-ice-than-the-area-of-rajasthan-and-madhya-pradesh-combined-in-2021/articleshow/81775537.cms">The planet lost more Arctic sea ice than the area of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh combined in 2021</a></strong><br />

NASA-ISRO joint radar satellite could face a seven-month delay and cost $36 million more bearing the impact of COVID-19

<br /><ul><li>The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) stated that the <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (ISRO) has ‘inspired’ them with <keyword id="414120" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan 2</keyword>.<br /></li><li>NASA also said that it looks forward to future missions with ISRO.<br /></li><li>NASA’s laser reflector arrays were abroad Chandrayaan 2’s lander, Vikram.<br /></li><li>NASA and ISRO are already collaborating to build the most expensive Earth imaging satellite till date — NISAR — pegged to cost $1.5 billion.<br /></li></ul><br />As the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) tries to figure out <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-fails-in-the-final-seconds-of-descent-to-moons-south-pole/articleshow/71018196.cms">what went wrong</a> with the moon landing, international support is pouring in from all corners of the world.<br /><br />The US’ apex space agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), tweeted that that ISRO has ‘inspired’ then with their journey. <br /><br /><div type="twitter" handle="NASA" handlename="NASA" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1091070803184177153/TI2qItoi_normal.jpg" favoritecount="102912" retweetcount="35977" status="Space is hard. We commend @ISRO’s attempt to land their #Chandrayaan2 mission on the Moon’s South Pole. You have in… https://t.co/M2a8mU8eVA" createdat="1567876723000" id="1170385925077131264"></div>

<br /><br /><strong>NASA’s link to Chandrayaan 2<br /></strong><br />Chandrayaan 2, though primarily an Indian mission, was carrying <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-india-moon-mission-14-high-tech-instruments-to-look-for-water/articleshow/69867398.cms">NASA’s laser instruments</a>. Its laser reflector arrays were aboard <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/everything-you-need-to-know-about-vikram-chandrayaan-2s-lander-as-it-lands-on-the-moon/articleshow/71008396.cms">the lander</a>.<br /><br />NASA has been sending up laser reflector arrays with every mission that’s aiming to land on the Moon. One was also on the Israeli lander, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/israeli-scientists-attempt-at-the-first-private-moon-landing-failed-because-of-a-glitch-that-caused-a-high-speed-crash-into-the-lunar-surface/articleshow/68858222.cms">Beresheet</a>, that crashed into the lunar surface earlier this year.<br /><br />The Moon is already home to five such lasers, according to Simone Dell’Angello, a physicist at the National Institute for Nuclear Physics National Laboratory. The aim of populating the Moon with these instruments is to get an accurate reading of the distance between the Earth and its natural satellite.<br /><br />Retroreflectors are basically very high tech mirrors and their job is to reflect back any lasers signals that Earth sends its way. <br /><br />The reflection from the instruments on the lander would help pinpoint its location. The location, in turn, can be used to calculate the precise distance between the Moon and the Earth.<br /><br /><strong>NASA’s history with the Moon<br /></strong><br />Landing on the Moon isn’t easy and nobody knows that better than NASA. It took the US space agency <a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/lunar/lunartimeline.html">15 attempts </a>before it finally nailed a hard landing on the Moon. <br /><br />Even NASA’s <a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/lunar/surveyor.html">Surveyor Program</a> — a series of uncrewed soft landings on the Moon — had to face two failures.<br /><br /><strong>NASA’s has plans of its own for 2024</strong><br /><br />The last time NASA sent humans to the Moon was in 1972 as a part of the Apollo 17 mission. Its last uncrewed mission was back in 2013 when it launched the Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080813104358/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=LADEE">LADEE</a>) to intentionally crash into the far side of the Moon.<br /><br />Now, US President Donald Trump is looking to remake US glory by sending astronauts to the Moon again — the mission is called Artemis. <br /><br />He’s even moved up the deadline from 2028 to 2024 — a move that might <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/NASA-says-it-needs-a-1-6-billion-down-payment-from-Congress-to-send-astronauts-back-to-the-moon-within-5-years/articleshow/69331646.cms">cost the US government $1.55 billion</a> as well as reallocating $321 million from other NASA projects.<br /><br />This is on top of NASA’s <a href="http://www.planetary.org/blogs/casey-dreier/2019/0215-fy2019-nasa-gets-its-best-budget-in-decades.html">annual budget</a> of $21.5 billion.<br /><br />And, the spending doesn’t stop there.<br /><br />ISRO and NASA are currently developing a dual frequency synthetic aperture radar satellite — <a href="https://sservi.nasa.gov/articles/u-s-india-to-collaborate-on-mars-exploration-earth-observing-mission/">NISAR</a>. The satellite is scheduled to take off in 2020, according to NASA. <br /><br />NISAR is expected to be the most expensive Earth imaging till date with its cost pegged at $1.5 billion. It aims to study the effect of climate change on the environment and the resulting hazards.<br /><br /><strong>See also:<br /></strong><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2s-orbiter-has-seven-and-a-half-years-to-scan-the-surface-of-the-moon/articleshow/71027327.cms">Chandrayaan 2’s orbiter has seven and a half years to scan the surface of the Moon</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayaan-2-fails-in-the-final-seconds-of-descent-to-moons-south-pole/articleshow/71018196.cms">Chandrayaan 2 loses contact with the lander in the final seconds of the descent to Moon's surface</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/moon-landing-drama-play-by-play-of-isro-losing-communication-with-chandrayaan-2s-lander/articleshow/71018307.cms">Moon landing drama: Play by play of ISRO losing communication with Chandrayaan 2's lander</a><br /><br />

NASA 'inspired' by Chandrayaan 2 as it plans to return to the Moon after 7 years

Watching the <keyword id="19915128" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-3" source="keywords">Chandrayaan-3</keyword> lander complete its soft-landing on the far side of the Moon was undoubtedly one of the most proud moments for all Indians in 2023. And yet, we tend to forget that this was an achievement that was somehow completed with a budget less than that of some Bollywood movies.<br /><br />Thanks to monumental achievements such as Chandrayaan and Aditya-L1, in addition to increased government support and a surge in private sector involvement, India’s <keyword id="20242397" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-sector" source="keywords">space sector</keyword> has been rapidly evolving. However, a defining theme of all the past successful missions in the space sector for <keyword id="19915124" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ISRO" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="ISRO" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="ISRO">ISRO</keyword> has been its ability to achieve them in the most economical way possible, often at one-tenth of the cost compared to its western counterparts.<br /><br />Now, as more funds flow in from both public and private routes, India’s space sector is at the precipice of a unmatched growth phase. With another hike in the pipeline for the space sector, the <keyword id="19955368" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Budget-2024" source="keywords">Budget 2024</keyword> is poised to further boost India’s position in the <keyword id="22469635" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="global-space-race" source="keywords">global space race</keyword> by enhancing funding, providing incentives, and fostering international collaborations.<br /><h2>How does India’s space budget compare to other countries?</h2>As per the interim budget announcement, India’s space budget for 2024-25 will stand at around Rs 13,042.75 crores, a 4% increase from the previous year’s Rs 12,545 crore. To truly contextualise this, let’s compare it with other leading space-faring nations.<br />        <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111827903" title="Union Budget 2024 for Railways: Expectations focused on improving passenger safety, experience, infrastructure" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>The USA, through <keyword id="19935155" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="NASA" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="NASA" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="NASA">NASA</keyword>, allocated about Rs 2,12,000 crores ($25.4 billion) in 2023, focusing on the Artemis program, <keyword id="20999262" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mars-exploration" source="keywords">Mars exploration</keyword>, and advanced satellite technologies, as per the The Planetary Society. China’s space program received approximately Rs 1,18,000 crores ($11 billion), supporting lunar missions, Mars exploration, and building its own space station, as per media reports. Meanwhile, The European Space Agency (ESA) had a budget of around Rs 63,700 crores ($7.6 billion) last year to fund a range of scientific missions, Earth observation, and international collaborations. <br /><br />While India's budget remains categorically minuscule in comparison, it prioritises cost-effective missions and innovative technologies, often achieving impressive results with fewer resources. However, many are concerned how this financial constraint could affect infrastructure development, cause delays in critical projects like <keyword id="6797456" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="gaganyaan" source="Orion">Gaganyaan</keyword>, and restrict the private sector's growth and innovation. Furthermore, it may also limit India's influence in global space governance and international collaborations, at a time when most countries seem to be set on a race to transform themselves into a space-faring society.<br /><h2>Upcoming missions and international collaborations</h2>While space spending can be useful for many quality of life aspects — such as agriculture and climate preparedness — it is often the major space missions that steal the spotlight. Key projects in the 2024 budget include the Gaganyaan mission, which aims to send Indian astronauts into space. Additionally, the Mars Orbiter Mission 2 (<keyword id="20475168" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="mangalyaan" source="keywords">Mangalyaan</keyword> 2) is slated for a 2024 launch, which — if successful — could mark a significant step in India's interplanetary exploration prowess.<br />        <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111689743" title="Union Budget 2024: A handy FAQ guide to decode the upcoming budget" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>International collaborations are also a significant cornerstone of India’s space strategy. The NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) mission, scheduled for 2024, exemplifies such partnerships. This mission will provide critical data for understanding Earth’s changing ecosystems, ice mass, and natural hazards.<br /><br />International collaborations are crucial because they help a great deal with enhancing technical expertise and shared resources. As such, joint ventures like NISAR and partnerships with other space agencies help India stay competitive globally. Another significant collaboration is with the United States, where an Indian astronaut will be sent to the International Space Station (ISS) by the end of 2024.<br /><h2>Indian leadership in space tech</h2>The budget may be low, but India’s space spirit is certainly not weak. Despite limited resources, India has demonstrated strengths in many aspects of space technologies. For instance, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is known for its reliable and cost-effective launch vehicles, like the PSLV and GSLV, which have successfully placed numerous satellites into orbit. In a tremendous feat, the PSLV-C37 successfully launched 104 satellites in a single flight in September 2023!<br />        <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111688482" title="Budget A-Z, for the GenZ: A fun and handy guide for major terms around upcoming Union Budget" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>India also excels in manufacturing satellites for communication, weather monitoring, and Earth observation. The upcoming deployment of 50 AI-powered GEOINT satellites will enhance national security and surveillance. With the right investments, India could lead globally in low-cost space missions and innovative satellite technologies.<br /><h2>Long-term visions for India’s space program</h2>The long-term vision for India's space program, as outlined in the Budget, includes establishing a dedicated space station by 2035 and increasing the country’s share in the global space economy.<br />        <div type="Article" hostid="261" msid="111807009" title="Despite pandemic and growing health scares, India’s budget share for healthcare continues to decline" mstype="2" mssubtype="0"></div>The Indian government aims to capture nearly 10% of the global space market by 2030, up from its current 2-3% share. This ambition aligns with broader geopolitical and economic goals, positioning India as a key player in space exploration and satellite services.<br /><br />Budget 2024 will be crucial for strengthening India’s position in the global space race. As the country gears up for upcoming missions and technological advancements, the global space community will be closely watching India's progress.<br />

Budget 2024: How will budget affect India’s position in the global space race?

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NASA-ISRO joint radar satellite could face a seven-month delay and cost $36 million more bearing the impact of COVID-19

Prabhjote Gill

NASA 'inspired' by Chandrayaan 2 as it plans to return to the Moon after 7 years

Prabhjote Gill

Budget 2024: How will budget affect India’s position in the global space race?

Ankush Banerjee

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