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Amid the privacy and protection concerns voiced by various groups, the top team of <keyword id="86474" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Unique-Identification-Authority-of-India">Unique Identification Authority of India</keyword> (UIDAI) is exploring the possibility of introducing dummy numbers that would add an extra layer of <keyword id="6355300" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="security">security</keyword> to every <keyword id="144117" type="PERSON" weightage="100" keywordseo="AADHAAR">Aadhaar</keyword> cardholder. Such a framework would require an individual to share dummy or pseudo numbers — and not the real Aadhaar number — to government agencies, private utilities, banks and while withdrawing money from ATMs or moving funds from one bank account to another under the Aadhaar-enabled payment system. Besides the cardholder, the original Aadhaar number would be known only to UIDAI. No details yet The creation of dummy numbers and the frequency at which it can be generated and used would depend on the design architecture of the system. UIDAI, a statutory authority, is responsible for Aadhaar enrolment and authentication, issuance of Aadhaar numbers as well as ensuring the security of identity information and authentication records of individuals. Its measures on data protection and development of new standards on technologies like Aadhaar-Pay are ongoing. The organization, however, currently finds itself in a situation where the provisions of the very law (Aadhaar Act 2016) under which it was established has been challenged in the country’s highest court of law. Toeing the government directive, banks, utilities and credit card issuers are repeatedly asking customers to link their Aadhaar details to respective accounts by 31 December 2017, failing which services would be discontinued. Critics of Aadhaar are resisting such coercion to link Aadhaar with multiple service providers. They are hoping that some of these rules may change after the <keyword id="6354977" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Supreme-Court">Supreme Court</keyword> ruling. The apex court hearing on the Aadhaar case is scheduled to begin on November 28.

To ensure security, Aadhaar may add security layer with dummy numbers

<ul class="summary-list"><li>BI spoke to three late starters in the financial independence movement.</li><li>They started to save and invest in their 40s and 50s and set themselves up for early retirement.</li></ul>Gina Murillo was about to turn 50 and had almost $40,000 in consumer debt, with only $69,000 in her retirement savings. Now almost 57, Murillo, who lives in the Chicago area, has a net worth of over $1.1 million and is on pace to reach <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/early-retirement-overrated-financial-independence-fire-return-to-office-balance-2024-6">financial independence</a> within three years.Murillo had her kids in her early 20s, working various jobs to support her family. For much of her adult life, she was a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/uber-lyft-doordash-driving-single-parent-walmart-spark-maintenance-competition-2024-3">single parent</a> receiving no child support. She graduated from law school in her early 40s after working as a paralegal, but she didn't love being an attorney for a large firm. At 49, she got a job that nearly doubled her income.She got interested in the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/millennials-retiring-early-fire-movement-financial-independence-millionaire-savings-work-2024-5">financial independence</a> movement after reading blogs like Mr. Money Mustache. She took a $35,000 pay cut to join a boutique law firm, but it ignited her journey toward financial stability."I realized that if these people could achieve FI in less than 10 years during their 20s and 30s, there was no reason I couldn't do the same in my 50s," Murillo said. "What I lost in pay, I gained in work-life balance."She developed a plan to <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/side-hustle-pay-off-debt-save-for-house-2024-6">pay off her debt</a>, saving roughly 40-50% of her net income of between $120,000 and $140,000. She <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/fire-movement-financial-independence-retire-early-millennial-goals-saving-wealth-2024-5">tracked every dollar</a> she spent, cut unnecessary spending, and put a portion of her earnings into investments. She paid off her debt within 18 months, then improved her investment strategies to get higher returns. After a few years, she loosened restrictions on her spending habits to include things she valued, though she kept spending low."When I started this journey, I thought I'd never be able to retire," Murillo said. "Now, I'm just a few years away from that."Murillo is one of many Americans who started their <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/financial-independence-retire-early-fire-millennial-income-wealthy-business-owners-2024-4">financial independence</a> journeys later in life but are on pace to meet their <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/financial-independence-retire-early">early retirement goals</a>. While much attention in the community is devoted to those retiring well before 65 or starting their journeys young, Gen Xers told Business Insider they're working to draw attention to "late bloomers" who dug themselves out of years of debt or only started budgeting midcareer.Late starters told BI they could still achieve many of their financial goals despite years of financial instability. All said it took years of hard work to get back on track, though they agreed their strategies aren't out of reach for many Americans.<h2 id="c21a1497-a1d3-4f60-8d13-9a6c47eba807">Embarking on financial independence</h2>Bill Yount, 57, grew up middle class and enrolled in a state medical school, becoming an emergency physician by his early 30s. When he came out of his residency, he was $30,000 in credit card debt with "a smattering" of student loans.Because of his employment success, he said he experienced lifestyle creep. He got married, bought a big house in a nice neighborhood, had two kids, and purchased a new car — which sent him into debt."We got caught up in what I call the 20-year funnel of life: raising kids, dual income family, relatively higher income because of being physicians, but living a paycheck-to-paycheck lifestyle, inflating our lifestyle as our pay went up," Yount said.During the Great Recession, he and his wife sold much of their equities fearing an even greater downturn, which cost them long-term. All this time, they hadn't prioritized retirement savings.By the time he turned 50, he and his wife had a net worth of almost a million. Still, he realized he needed to change things up, aiming to have a couple million saved up by retirement.Yount read dozens of books and listened to hundreds of podcasts relating to personal finance. He began tracking his expenses, especially after his wife went back to work full-time. He adopted a more simplistic investment approach, such as Vanguard total market funds and intermediate and short-term treasuries. He also got into real estate investing, though it wasn't as fruitful as he anticipated.His <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/early-retirement-financial-independence-san-francisco-homebuying-fire-work-balance-2024-6">savings increased</a> to about 40% of gross income, and he lowered his cost of living by moving to Tennessee and downsizing his home by half. He exercised what he called "backwards budgeting," or saving a high percentage of income and then basing spending around what's left.In under a decade, he and his wife grew their net worth to over $5 million. He's used his success to help other late-starts on his podcast and website <a target="_blank" href="https://catchinguptofi.com/">Catching up to FI</a>."As a late starter, you feel isolated, you feel ashamed, you don't want to tell anybody you're not good at talking about money," Yount said, adding: "Late Starters don't feel spoken to in the financial independence movement, and that's when they discover us. They all universally say, I found my tribe."<h2 id="345cdebf-6c35-4a48-802d-a21ad35111f8">Strategies for late starters</h2>Jackie Cummings Koski, 54, grew up "very poor" in South Carolina, raised as one of six kids by a single dad. To fund her college education, she worked 50 hours a week to cover her expenses while attending classes.Her first job was at Walmart in corporate communications before becoming a store manager in Ohio. She got married a year after college, had a kid shortly after, and put a downpayment on a new home after selling Walmart stock.She faced a divorce in the mid-2000s, and she realized her ex-husband saved much more than her. She had just $20,000 in her 401(k), while her ex-husband had $120,000 and more successful investments.As a single mother, she took time to regroup in her late 30s and started learning more about finances while an account manager at data analytics company LexisNexis. Through the organization Better Investing, she took part in a model investment club, learning the ins and outs of investment strategies. She began maxing out her 401(k) and health savings account, then made it her goal to achieve FIRE.She started investing in 2008, which meant high returns on many of her investments as she was able to buy at relatively low prices in the wake of the financial crisis. She invested in growth index funds through Vanguard, which was less risky than individual stocks.She said much of her <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/retire-early-financial-independence-fire-family-budget-san-francisco-401k-2024-6">financial growth</a> in her 40s stemmed from people explaining financial topics simply. She previously feared never having enough for retirement, but she mapped out what it would take to get to savings 25 times her expenses after listening to advice from podcasts. She didn't want to lock up her money until she turned 65, so she learned ways to get money out of her retirement accounts earlier.She acknowledged her journey wasn't perfect — she said she could've put more in a brokerage account, sold her backup vehicle, or cut back on certain things. But she said she got to a point where she didn't need to budget every penny and could still spend on vacations.By 47, she reached a million in net worth, which was about 25 times her expenses. She was still not mentally ready to retire, as she never made six figures in any role, so she worked for two more years and retired at $1.3 million.From there, she got a master's degree in financial therapy and personal finance planning, then got her Certified Financial Planner and Accredited Financial Counselor certifications. Over the last few years, she became an advisor board member for various financial institutions, provided consulting services to organizations, became a financial educator for startups, and is a co-host on Catching up to FI. She also wrote the book "F.I.R.E. For Dummies.""Anybody could google something, anybody could read a book, but you don't know what you don't know," she said. "I'm a firm believer that the messenger matters."Are you part of the FIRE movement or living by some of its principles? Reach out to this reporter at <a target="_blank" href="mailto:nsheidlower@businessinsider.com">nsheidlower@businessinsider.com</a>.

Gen Xers who began their financial independence journeys in their 40s and 50s explain how they're on pace to meet their early retirement goals

Washington, Jun 11 (AP) The first experimental COVID-19 vaccine in the US is on track to begin a huge study next month to prove if it really can fend off the coronavirus, its manufacturer announced Thursday - a long-awaited step in the global vaccine race. The vaccine, developed by the U.S. National Institutes of Health and Moderna Inc., will be tested in 30,000 volunteers -- some given the real shot and some a dummy shot. Moderna said it already has made enough doses for the pivotal late-stage testing. Still needed before those injections begin: results of how the shot has fared in smaller, earlier-stage studies. But Moderna's announcement suggests those studies are making enough progress for the company and the NIH to get ready to move ahead. Moderna launched its vaccine test in mid-March with an initial 45 volunteers. The company said it has finished enrolling 300 younger adults in its second stage of testing, and has begun studying how older adults react to the vaccine. These initial studies check for side effects and how well people's immune systems respond to different doses. But only the still-to-come huge trial can show if the vaccine works. Worldwide, about a dozen COVID-19 potential vaccines are in early stages of testing. The NIH expects to help several additional shots move into those final, large-scale studies this summer, including one made by Oxford University. There are no guarantees any of them will pan out. But if all goes well, "there will be potential to get answers" on which vaccines work by the end of the year, Dr. John Mascola, who directs NIH's vaccine research center, told a meeting of the National Academy of Medicine on Wednesday. Governments are beginning to stockpile hundreds of millions of doses of different vaccine candidates so they can be ready to start vaccinating as soon as scientists learn that one works. In the U.S, a program called "Operation Warp Speed" aims to have 300 million doses on hand by January. (AP) NSA

Moderna on track for large COVID-19 vaccine test in July

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The <keyword id="11899468" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="fda" source="Orion">FDA</keyword> has authorized pills to treat <keyword id="11893994" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="covid-19" source="Orion">COVID-19</keyword>, a milestone in the fight against the pandemic.</li><li>The OKs for <keyword id="11897118" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="pfizer" source="Orion">Pfizer</keyword> and Merck's pills come as Omicron is causing a surge in cases.</li></ul>The Food and Drug Administration has authorized pills to treat COVID-19. The agency issued emergency approval on Wednesday for an <keyword id="12216042" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="antiviral" source="Orion">antiviral</keyword> developed by Pfizer. The FDA's authorization allows high-risk people ages 12 or older to receive the pills. The agency went on to authorize Merck's antiviral pill on Tuesday for use in high-risk people 18 or older who have been diagnosed with COVID-19.For both pills, people have to start treatment within five days of showing symptoms. Both treatments are given as five-day regimens, with Merck's being 40 pills and Pfizer's being 30 pills. "As new variants of the virus continue to emerge, it is crucial to expand the country's arsenal of COVID-19 therapies using emergency use authorization, while continuing to generate additional data on their safety and effectiveness," Dr. Patrizia Cavazzoni, the director of the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, said in a statement on Thursday.<div type="image" title="Capsules of molnupiravir, an antiviral drug developed by Merck and Ridgeback Biotherapeutics that could treat COVID-19" height="1542" width="2057" msid="88459455" hostid="261"></div><h2>A new way to combat COVID-19</h2>Doctors have said they were excited to have an easy-to-use option to treat the illness before people require hospitalization. The only other drugs authorized to treat nonhospitalized COVID-19 patients are monoclonal antibodies, which are typically delivered via an IV infusion.The rise of the Omicron variant, which is causing a new wave of cases across the US, has weakened several of those antibody treatments. The variant's mutations have been found in laboratory testing to render some of those drugs, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/lab-test-eli-lilly-regeneron-antibody-therapies-lose-out-against-omicron-2021-12-14/">particularly the ones from Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Eli Lilly</a>, far less effective.Dr. Kavita Patel, a primary-care physician in Washington, DC, and former White House health-policy director, said she was eager to start using these pills to treat certain patients, especially because of the logistical challenges with antibody drugs."It is just a beast to try to get people monoclonals," Patel told Insider.Experts also anticipate the antiviral pills will work equally well against Omicron and future variants because the pill doesn't target the virus' spike protein. The spike protein — used by the virus to latch on to human cells — is the primary target for most vaccines and antibody drugs, and the Omicron variant has more than 30 mutations on that protein."Today's authorization of PAXLOVID represents another tremendous example of how <keyword id="11896083" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="science" source="Orion">science</keyword> will help us ultimately defeat this pandemic, which, even two years in, continues to disrupt and devastate lives across the world," Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla said in a statement on Wednesday.<h2>Safety and efficacy concerns weaken the impact of Merck's pill</h2>The two pills are not equal in their effectiveness and safety. Merck's drug was far less effective in a late-stage study and has also raised safety concerns that don't impact Pfizer's pill. Overall, Merck's drug reduced hospitalizations and deaths by 30%, while Pfizer's drug — tested in a similar patient population — reduced hospitalizations and deaths by 88% compared to dummy pills. Each study enrolled roughly 1,400 unvaccinated people who recently got COIVD-19, randomly giving them either the experimental pills or a placebo. All volunteers were considered at high risk of developing severe disease.The FDA convened a group of independent experts to debate and vote on Merck's drug on November 30. That panel <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/fda-panel-backs-mercks-covid-19-pill-with-limits-2021-11">narrowly voted 13-10 in favor of authorization</a>, with several committee members expressing concerns with the safety risks of Merck's drug. Merck's pill is a nucleoside, a type of antiviral that intentionally inserts errors into the copying process of a virus. While that obstructs viral replication, it also carries the theoretical risk the drug could interact and mutate human cells. That has some scientists concerned.In particular, several experts on the FDA panel were concerned in offering this drug to pregnant people, given the potential risk to fetuses. The FDA said on Thursday that molnupiravir is not recommended for pregnant people. "As a woman of child-bearing age, I don't think I would want to take this drug, not knowing the effects it could have on my unborn child," said Roblena Walker, the panel's consumer representative who runs a nonprofit public-health organization.Pfizer's pill doesn't raise those same concerns because Paxlovid acts in a different way. The drug is a protease inhibitor designed to block an enzyme that plays a key role in the virus' copying process. It's given with a low dose of another antiviral, ritonavir, to help Paxlovid last longer in the body. The FDA didn't have its advisory committee meet to consider Pfizer's drug.<h2>Pfizer and Merck stands to make billions off the new drugs</h2><div type="image" title="Paxlovid is a new COVID-19 antiviral pill developed by Pfizer" height="1334" width="1778" msid="88439704" hostid="261"></div>The greenlight will trigger a windfall for Pfizer, as the US government signed supply deals this year that were contingent on an FDA authorization.Last month, the US <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/us-govt-buy-10-mln-courses-pfizers-covid-19-pill-529-bln-2021-11-18/">agreed to pay $5.3 billion for 10 million treatment courses of Paxlovid</a>. In a Wednesday press release, Pfizer said it planned to increase total production of the drug from 80 million treatment courses to 120 million courses next year. In total, the US will pay Merck $2.2 billion for enough pills to treat 3.1 million people. Wall Street analysts expect Pfizer's pill to turn into one of the industry's bestselling medicines in 2022. Analysts at Mizuho and SVB Leerink both forecast Paxlovid sales of $24 billion next year.This article was initially published on Wednesday and has been updated on Thursday after the FDA authorized Merck's antiviral pill molnupiravir.

The FDA has authorized pills to treat COVID-19, replenishing the tool kit of treatments against Omicron

<ul class="summary-list"><li>The first COVID-19 pill is closer to reality, as an <keyword id="11899468" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="fda" source="Orion">FDA</keyword> panel voted in favor on Tuesday. </li><li>But the group also recommended limiting its use to people at high risk of severe disease. </li></ul>A pill to treat COVID-19 just got closer to reality, as the Food and Drug Administration's expert panel voted Tuesday in favor of greenlighting <keyword id="12020331" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="merck" source="Orion">Merck</keyword>'s <keyword id="12216042" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="antiviral" source="Orion">antiviral</keyword> treatment. The thumbs-up was not without controversy, however, as several panelists raised concerns over the drug's safety risks and modest efficacy levels. Overall, the group voted 13-10 that the benefits outweigh the risks of using the drug for infected people at high risk of severe disease who are within five days of developing symptoms.<h2>Low efficacy and safety risks concerned some experts</h2>The FDA is still reviewing the drug, called molnupiravir, and deciding whether to grant an emergency use authorization. While the agency typically follows the advice of its expert panel, it is not required to do so.In a clinical trial, Merck enrolled more than 1,400 unvaccinated people who recently got COVID-19 and are at high risk of severe disease. Volunteers randomly received either Merck's treatment, a 40-pill regimen given over five days, or dummy pills that acted as a control group.The <a href="https://www.merck.com/news/merck-and-ridgeback-biotherapeutics-provide-update-on-results-from-move-out-study-of-molnupiravir-an-investigational-oral-antiviral-medicine-in-at-risk-adults-with-mild-to-moderate-covid-19/">final analysis</a> showed Merck's drug reduced hospitalizations and deaths by 30%. That figure took experts and analysts by surprise, as an interim analysis <a href="https://www.merck.com/news/merck-and-ridgebacks-investigational-oral-antiviral-molnupiravir-reduced-the-risk-of-hospitalization-or-death-by-approximately-50-percent-compared-to-placebo-for-patients-with-mild-or-moderat/">announced in October</a> showed a 48% reduction. The FDA also highlighted several safety concerns with the drug in its review of lab and animal studies. The agency noted several potential risks, including risk to fetuses, impaired bone and cartilage growth, and mutagenicity. These safety risks come from Merck's drug being a nucleoside, a type of antiviral that intentionally inserts errors into the copying process of a virus. This obstructs the virus' quest to replicate itself. But that also carries the theoretical risk the drug could interact and mutate human cells, <a href="https://www.barrons.com/articles/merck-covid-pill-risks-51633398722">with scientists debating how serious a risk this is</a>.Those safety risks were enough of a reason for some voting members to determine that the risks outweigh the benefits. "I felt that the overall absolute effect in the total trial population was modest at best," said Dr. Sankar Swaminathan, a an infectious-disease expert at the University of Utah <keyword id="11894571" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="health" source="Orion">Health</keyword>, who voted no. "The risk of mutagenic effects on the patient is not firmly established or characterized, and given the large potential population affected, the risk of widespread effects on potential birth defects and especially delayed effects on the male has not been adequately studied."<h2>Conflict over use during pregnancy</h2>Several voting members said they wanted to specifically exclude people who are pregnant from the pill's potential authorization. "I think the FDA should not approve it for the use in pregnant women except under really exceptional circumstances," said David Eastman, a biology professor at University of California, Riverside, who voted yes. "I think they should limit it to high-risk individuals."Others said the decision should be left up to the pregnant person considering taking the drug, along with a medical counselor who may help inform the decision."As a woman of child-bearing age, I don't think I would want to take this drug, not knowing the effects it could have on my unborn child," said Roblena Walker, a consumer representative selected to advise the committee. She voted yes, given that the drug's risks and benefits will be weighed further before it is authorized.<h2>Merck's drug could be the first COVID-19 pill</h2>If approved, molnupiravir would be the first pill to treat COVID-19 authorized by the FDA, an advance that could simplify and expand access to medical care for patients. While several antibody therapies have been authorized, they are expensive and can require a lenghty IV infusion. Molnupiravir was originally developed as a treatment for the flu. Merck <a href="https://www.merck.com/news/merck-and-ridgeback-bio-announce-closing-of-collaboration-and-licensing-transaction/">licensed the drug in July 2020</a> from Ridgeback Biotherapeutics, a small Miami biotech.The federal government is betting big on molnupiravir. In June, the US <a href="https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2021/06/09/biden-administration-announces-us-government-procurement-mercks-investigational-antiviral-medicine-covid-19-treatment.html">agreed to pay $1.2 billion</a> for enough pills to treat 1.7 million people. And in November, it <a href="https://www.merck.com/news/merck-and-ridgeback-announce-u-s-government-to-purchase-1-4-million-additional-courses-of-molnupiravir-an-investigational-oral-antiviral-medicine-for-the-treatment-of-mild-to-moderate-covid-19-in-a/">reached a second deal</a> to secure 1.4 million more treatment courses. In total, $2.2 billion is on the line, with both deals contingent on the FDA authorizing the treatment. But analysts are already expecting Merck's pill may not be widely used. Cowen analyst Steve Scala wrote in a Monday research note he thinks it will be mainly used when other treatment options aren't available. That is because of competing drugs, notably Pfizer's COVID-19 pill, which shows a much higher efficacy and may not carry the safety concerns of molnupiravir. <h2>Better drugs may be on the horizon</h2>In a similar patient population as Merck's study, Pfizer's pill <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/pfizers-covid-19-pill-paxlovid-cuts-hospitalizations-deaths-by-89-2021-11">reduced hospitalizations and deaths by 89%</a>. That drug also doesn't carry the same mutagenic risks as Merck's, because it disrupts the virus in a different way, blocking an enzyme that plays a key role in the virus' copying process.Wall Street analysts forecast Pfizer's pill to turn into a blockbuster drug. Morgan Stanley projects $26 billion in 2022 sales, while SVB Leerink expects $24 billion in 2022. The FDA is also reviewing Pfizer's drug for an emergency OK.In the meantime, Merck's pill could be an option for populations with a high risk of developing severe COVID-19. John Coffin, a professor at Tufts University, voted yes with the suggestion that the initial authorization be reserved for high-risk groups, like individuals older than 60 who have not been vaccinated."I'm not sure if this is really the one we've been waiting for, but it's all we've got at the moment," Coffin said.

An FDA expert panel narrowly supports the first COVID-19 pill but suggests restrictions on its use driven by safety concerns

New York, Nov 10 (IANS) Stock markets are booming, scientists are hailing Pfizer's vaccine which has shown 90 percent effectiveness and corporates are already imagining the sunny prospect of a return to on-campus work but Pfizer is reminding everyone that it still needs to check off three boxes before its silver bullet progresses toward emergency use authorisation. Pfizer explains that there needs to be "success" in the following three areas: Evidence of efficacy in most vaccinated patients, evidence of safety with data from thousands of patients and manufacturing which is consistently at the highest quality standards. Early Monday, Pfizer and German partner BioNTech released efficacy results from a late stage study of its Covid-19 vaccine candidate 'BNT162b2'. The company reported it was 90 per cent effective after looking at 94 infections in a study that has enrolled more than 43,000 people in the US and five other countries. Some got the vaccine, others got dummy shots. The Phase 3 clinical trial began on July 27. Nearly 39,000 people have received a second dose of the vaccine candidate by November 8, 2020. The next milestone for Pfizer and BioNTech is the third week of November. By then a median of 60 days of safety data will be available, as required by the FDA in its guidance for potential Emergency Use Authorization. The Pfizer - BioNTech shot is one among 10 vaccine candidates in late-stage testing globally. Moderna, another US pharma giant, is also optimistic. Dr. Anthony Fauci, the US government's top-infectious disease expert, said today that Moderna's vaccine is also likely to work out. In an interview with Bloomberg, William Moss of Johns Hopkins' International Vaccine Access Center laid out three questions that still need answers, despite the hugely encouraging despatch from Pfizer today: "How long does this protection last? What kind of disease did this prevent? Was it mild or severe?" "They are telling us whether the vaccine protects against the disease, they are not telling us whether it prevents transmission." Moss said that if people let up on masking up and social distancing thinking that the vaccine has arrived and not knowing if it stops transmission (too), the effects may be seen in rising cases as a result of letting up on proven safety behaviours. Based on current projections, Pfizer and BioNTech expect to produce globally up to 50 million vaccine doses in 2020 and up to 1.3 billion doses in 2021. Dr Fauci said the results of the Pfizer vaccine's 90 per cent effectiveness are "just extraordinary". "Not very many people expected it would be as high as that. It's going to have a major impact on everything we do with respect to COVID," Fauci said in a call with reporters. Stocks are surging and Wall Street is climbing merrily back to record heights. Although the vaccine news is not a quick fix, the reaction is one of sheer relief. "Good for earnings, good for consumer behaviour, good all around" is the word on the street, according to Bloomberg Intelligence, during post-lunch trading in New York. Confirmed coronavirus infections in the United States shot past the 10 million mark and more than a quarter million Americans (237,000) are dead from the virus. --IANS nikhila/rt

So, Pfizer has a 90% effective vaccine. What happens next?

Washington, Apr 15 (AP) Three potential COVID-19 vaccines are making fast progress in early-stage testing in volunteers in China and the U.S., but it's still a long road to prove if they'll really work.China's CanSino Biologics has begun the second phase of testing its vaccine candidate, China's Ministry of Science and Technology said Tuesday.In the U.S., a shot made by the National Institutes of Health and Moderna Inc. isn't far behind. The first person to receive that experimental vaccine last month returned to a Seattle clinic Tuesday for a second dose.NIH infectious disease chief Dr. Anthony Fauci told The Associated Press there are "no red flags" so far and he hoped the next, larger phase of testing could begin around June.A third candidate, from Inovio Pharmaceuticals, began giving experimental shots for first-step safety testing last week in the U.S. and hopes to expand its studies to China.Initial tests focus on safety, and researchers in both countries are trying out different doses of different types of shots.But moving into the second phase is a critical step that allows vaccines to be tested in many more people to look for signs that they protect against infection.Last week, CanSino filed a report showing it aimed to enroll 500 people in this next study, comparing two doses of the vaccine to dummy shots. As of Monday, 273 of the volunteers had been injected, state media said.Looking ahead, Fauci said if the new coronavirus continues to circulate widely enough over the summer and fall, it might be possible to finish larger studies slightly sooner than the 12 to 18 months he'd originally predicted - maybe toward "mid to late winter of next season." "Please let me say this caveat: That is assuming that it's effective. See, that's the big 'if,'" Fauci stressed. "It's got to be effective and it's got to be safe." During a news conference in China, authorities also cautioned that the studies must be done properly."Although we are in an emergency, we cannot lower the standards of safety and effectiveness in the reviews of vaccines," said Wang Junzhi, a Chinese biopharmaceutical expert. "The public is paying huge attention." The World Health Organization this week counted more than five dozen other vaccine candidates in earlier stages of development being pursued around the world. Many research groups are teaming up to speed the work; in an announcement Tuesday, vaccine giants Sanofi and GSK became the latest to partner on a candidate.On the WHO's list are a wide variety of ways to make vaccines -- so if one approach doesn't pan out, hopefully another one will.CanSino's vaccine is based on a genetically engineered shot it created to guard against Ebola. The leading U.S. candidates use a different approach, made from copies of a piece of the coronavirus' genetic code. (AP) AMSAMS

Search for a COVID-19 vaccine heats up in China, US

<ul class="summary-list"><li>A gunman who opened fire in <keyword id="13026" type="CITY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Vienna">Vienna</keyword> on Monday night had been released from a deradicalization program after pretending to renounce jihadism, Austrian officials said Wednesday.</li><li>The attacker, who was shot dead by the police, has been named by officials as <a href="https://www.insider.com/vienna-shooting-gunman-terrorist-isis-sympathizer-2020-11">Kujtim Fejzulai, a 20-year-old who was previously imprisoned for trying to join the Islamic State terrorist group in Syria</a>.</li><li>He was imprisoned in April 2019 and freed early in December after enrolling in a deradicalization program, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/nov/03/austria-terror-attacker-pretended-he-had-given-up-jihadism">The Guardian</a> and <a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/killer-targeted-vienna-drinkers-enjoying-last-hours-before-lockdown-tljz28x6c">The Times of London</a> reported.</li><li><keyword id="21177" type="COUNTRY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Austria">Austria</keyword>'s interior minister, Karl Nehammer, said the attacker had "managed to deceive the judiciary's deradicalization program," which led to his early release, <a href="https://apnews.com/article/vienna-shooter-tried-to-join-isis-53282a7da4f3a1903358b4b16d8a17a6">according to the Associated Press</a>.</li><li>As of Tuesday afternoon, the attack has left four people dead and at least 22 injured. Authorities believe he may have acted alone, <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-54798679">according to the BBC</a>.</li></ul>The perpetrator of the Vienna shootings on Monday night, <a href="https://www.insider.com/vienna-shooting-gunman-terrorist-isis-sympathizer-2020-11">who was once imprisoned for trying to join the Islamic State terrorist group</a>, had been discharged from a deradicalization program by tricking his mentors into thinking he was reformed, Austria says.The shootings in multiple locations, which Austrian authorities have deemed a terrorist attack, left four people dead and at least 22 others injured, <a href="https://twitter.com/LPDWien/status/1323640604656570368/photo/1">the city's police said Tuesday afternoon</a>.Authorities have named the gunman as Kujtim Fejzulai, a 20-year-old with Austrian and North Macedonian dual citizenship. They currently believe he acted alone, <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-54798679">according to the BBC</a>.Fejzulai was sentenced to 22 months in prison in April 2019 for trying to travel to Syria to join the Islamic State, also known as <keyword id="174501" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="ISIS">ISIS</keyword>, but was freed early in December under juvenile law, <a href="https://www.kleinezeitung.at/oesterreich/5891680/ISSympathisant_WienAttentaeter-Fejzulai-Kujtim_20-Jahre-und">Kleine Zeitung</a> and <a href="https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-islamic-state-group-austria-shootings-vienna-53282a7da4f3a1903358b4b16d8a17a6">the Associated Press reported</a>.On Tuesday afternoon, Austria's interior minister, Karl Nehammer, said that Fejzulai was discharged early under the condition that he would be monitored by a deradicalization program called Derad and that Fejzulai had duped his mentors into believing he had been successfully reformed, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/nov/03/austria-terror-attacker-pretended-he-had-given-up-jihadism">The Guardian</a> and <a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/killer-targeted-vienna-drinkers-enjoying-last-hours-before-lockdown-tljz28x6c">The Times of London</a> reported.According to The Guardian, Nehammer said Fejzulai created an impression that he had deradicalized and wanted to reintegrate into Austrian society, "all while being focused on destroying the system.""We are seeing a fault line in our system. There was a premature release of a radicalized person," Nehammer said, according to The Guardian."Fact is: the terrorist managed to deceive the judiciary's deradicalization program."<div type="image" title="Austria's Interior Minister Karl Nehammer addresses a press conference on November 3, 2020 in Vienna on the morning after a shootout in the city center. - A huge manhunt was under way November 3, 2020 after gunmen opened fire at multiple locations across central Vienna, killing at least three people and wounding several more in what the Austrian Chancellor described as a &quot;repulsive terror attack&quot;. One of the suspected killers, identified as an Islamic State group sympathiser, was shot dead by police who said they were searching for at least one more assailant still at large. (Photo by ALEX HALADA / AFP) (Photo by ALEX HALADA/AFP via Getty Images)" height="2453" width="4907" msid="79041402" hostid="261"></div>According to The Guardian, the director of Derad, Moussa al-Hassan Diaw, has rejected reports that his program had declared the Vienna attacker safe.He said Derad provided reports on bimonthly meetings with participants that Austrian courts could consult, adding, "Until a deradicalization program is stopped completely, there is always an element of risk," according to The Guardian.The Vienna police <a href="https://twitter.com/LPDWien/status/1323640604656570368/photo/1">said on Twitter on Tuesday</a> that authorities had raided 18 houses had made 14 arrests in connection to the attack.The attack started at 8 p.m. and ended at 8:09 p.m. when an attacker, identified as Fejzulai, was shot dead by the police, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/03/world/europe/vienna-attack-shooter.html">The New York Times reported</a>.The four victims of the attack were "an elderly man, an elderly woman, a young male passerby and a waitress," Austrian Chancellor Sebastian Kurz said Tuesday, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/nov/03/vienna-terror-attack-isis-sympathiser-blamed-for-shooting-that-left-dead">according to The Guardian</a>.<div type="image" title="Vienna terror attack" height="512" width="1024" msid="79041408" hostid="261"></div><a href="https://www.insider.com/vienna-shooting-gunman-terrorist-isis-sympathizer-2020-11">Nehammer said</a> on Tuesday that Fejzulai "was equipped with a dummy explosive belt and an automatic long gun, a handgun, and a machete."Kurz <a href="https://twitter.com/sebastiankurz/status/1323563403508649985">said in a Tuesday-morning tweet</a>: "It was an Islamist terrorist attack. It was a hate attack. Out of hatred for our core values."The attack took place in Vienna's busy nightlife district, which is also near the city's largest synagogue. Monday was the last day Austrians could visit bars and restaurants before the country's new coronavirus lockdown took effect.As Insider has previously reported, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/deradicalization-terrorists-does-it-work-london-bridge-2019-12">deradicalization programs vary in their efficacy</a>.Countries like Denmark, Malaysia, and Saudi Arabia have seen demonstrable success in their national programs.The UK, however, has faced numerous terrorist attacks perpetrated by people released from its programs.The killings in Vienna appear to be the latest in a new flurry of terrorist attacks to hit Western Europe this autumn.<ul><li>On October 16, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/teacher-beheaded-in-paris-after-showing-cartoons-of-prophet-muhammad-2020-10">a teacher was beheaded in Paris</a> in apparent retaliation for showing his class cartoons that depicted the Prophet Muhammad.</li><li>On October 29, three people were <a href="https://www.insider.com/nice-attack-victims-church-warden-woman-prayer-mother-cathedral-2020-10">stabbed to death in an attack at a church in Nice</a>, France.</li><li>On Saturday, <a href="https://www.insider.com/lyon-france-gunman-priest-church-reports-2020-10">a Greek Orthodox priest was shot</a> in the French city of Lyon.</li></ul>Those attacks appeared linked to recent moves by France to regulate Islam, amid a clash <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/france-turkey-arab-states-anger-macron-regulate-islam-2020-10?_ga=2.213899860.1978320884.1604394205-718181260.1597761415">between Muslim leaders and President Emmanuel Macron</a> over radical Islam and the publication <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/macron-understand-muslim-hate-prophet-cartoons-but-france-freedom-speech-2020-11?_ga=2.245879492.1978320884.1604394205-718181260.1597761415">of the insulting cartoons</a>.

The Vienna shooter was released from a deradicalization program by duping his mentors into believing he had renounced jihadism, Austria says

<div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image on-image"></div></div>Apparently, college students aren't so great with money.In a 2015 <a href="http://moneymattersoncampus.org/">survey of 42,000 American college students</a>, <keyword id="6355445" type="COMPANY" weightage="60" keywordseo="Education">education</keyword> technology company EverFi and financial aid disbursement company Higher One found that teens are increasingly less likely to make smart decisions regarding their personal finances, such as: <ul><li>paying credit card bills on time</li><li>following a budget</li><li>reviewing their bills ... at all</li></ul>When asked six basic questions about topics such as setting aside emergency savings and paying off student loans, freshmen at four-year colleges could only answer about two, on average.At the University of Mississippi, however, some students are getting a leg up.The university ("Ole Miss") has partnered with Regions Bank to create and offer a six-week personal finance course to help students learn how to be successful with their money in the future.We first saw this news via the <a href="http://www.clarionledger.com/story/news/2015/03/31/ole-miss-pilot-student-athlete-finance/70718716/">Clarion Ledger</a>, which writes that about 35 students will take the course this spring, and another 125 will enroll this summer. Wondering what exactly they'll study? Here's the full curriculum, published with Region Bank's permission (select bolding for emphasis is ours):<h3>Collegiate Financial Education Curriculum</h3>Week 1 - Banking Basics for StudentsDuring the first week, we will begin to introduce the essentials of money management. We will cover information that students may not have received before college. This ranges from the basics of how checking and savings accounts work - to how students can make financial decisions that will benefit them in both the short-term and long-term.So many times, we see how once a student simply discovers the fundamentals of money management, they are empowered to make wise choices that can really help them take control of their financial futures.Week 2 - EverFi ModuleRegions began working with education technology company EverFi in 2010 with the launch of the Regions Bank Financial Scholars Program in high schools. Since then, our partnership with EverFi has grown to serve higher education and adults as well.In week 2, we'll begin using interactive modules that are personalized to each student based on his or her needs and goals. These cover a range of scenarios and topics such as paying for school and planning for life after graduation.Week 3 - Regions Scholars and DollarsRegions Scholars and Dollars is a program that was developed to teach banking in a classroom setting. The students will learn about different methods of banking and will complete worksheets to assist with their understanding.Week 4 - Reality FairThis is a chance for students to walk through real-life scenarios and begin applying what they have learned. Each student athlete will be given a "dummy" check-book and check register to learn how to manage their monthly expenses and account for their additions and deductions for expenses throughout the month. Students will be given a monthly stipend. They will visit booths that represent housing, utilities, cell phone and groceries.Once the students make their selections at each booth, they will write the dollar amount in their check registers to facilitate the learning process of how to balance a checkbook. As we know, life happens, therefore, throughout the fair, random events will happen to some of the students.For example, when life happens, it can be a positive. Maybe it is someone's birthday, and their grandmother sent them $50. They can add that $50 to their check register. However, a student may park in faculty/staff parking one day and receive a $25 parking ticket. They will then have to deduct that amount from their check register. Week 5 - Ever Fi ModuleThis will be an extension of Week 2.Week 6 - SavingsDuring the last week of the program, we will review everything that has been learned and place an emphasis on savings. We really want the students to understand that just because they received a specific amount of money each month, it doesn't mean they have to spend it all. We want the students to understand that life really does happen and it best to be financially prepared. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/iphone-headphones-tricks-2015-2">14 things you didn't know your iPhone headphones could do</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="o2OGM3czpWcydnvhjbkDBd6feXPuExiD" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

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