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A <keyword id="20558223" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="blood-test" source="keywords">blood test</keyword> measuring two specific fats, along with <keyword id="20100635" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="inflammation" source="keywords">inflammation</keyword>, could help predict a woman's risk of developing heart conditions in the next 30 years, according to a study of nearly 28,000 women in the US. The two fats in one's blood sample that the test measured were LDL, or 'bad' <keyword id="19898368" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cholesterol" source="keywords">cholesterol</keyword>, and lipoprotein(a), which is partly made of LDL. Inflammation was measured by detecting levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive proteins. When the three measures -- inflammation, cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) -- of a woman's blood sample were analysed together, researchers found that women having the highest levels were 2.6 times more likely to have a major adverse <keyword id="23010849" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cardiovascular-event" source="keywords">cardiovascular event</keyword>, including a heart attack. The link was found to be even stronger for stroke -- women with the most elevated levels were 3.7 times more likely to experience a stroke over the next 30 years, the team of researchers, including those from Brigham and Women's Hospital, US, said. They added that the three measures can better predict the risk of major cardiovascular events over the next three decades than measuring only one. The findings were published in the <keyword id="20060225" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="New-England-Journal-of-Medicine" source="keywords">New England Journal of Medicine</keyword>. "We can't treat what we don't measure, and we hope these findings move the field closer to identifying even earlier ways to detect and prevent heart disease," author Paul M Ridker, Brigham and Women's Hospital, said. For the study, the researchers analysed blood samples and medical information from 27,939 healthcare providers living in the US, who participated in the <keyword id="23010850" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Womens-Health-Study" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="Women's Health Study" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="Women's Health Study">Women's Health Study</keyword>. The women were on average aged 55 at the study's start (1992-1995) and followed for 30 years. Over the study period, about 3,660 of the women experienced a major cardiovascular event for the first time, including a heart attack, stroke, or death due to related reasons. Assessing cardiovascular risk individually due to each of the three measures, the researchers found that the women having the highest levels of inflammation had a 70 % higher chance of a major cardiovascular event. The women with the highest levels of 'bad' cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) were found to be at a 36 % and 33 % higher chance, respectively, of developing heart-related conditions. While only women were studied for this research, the researchers expect to find similar results in men, they said. Studies in recent years have shown how high levels of inflammation can interact with fats to compound heart disease risks, which helps explain why lower levels are better, according to the researchers. They explained that immune cells, which help the body repair wounds or infection, can also sense the accumulation of extra cholesterol in cells or become active in response to the build-up of plaque and send out inflammatory signals. This creates a hyper-inflammatory environment where plaque can form, become larger, or even rupture -- and cause cardiovascular events, the authors said. Through a combination of lifestyle changes and drug therapy, the researchers said that each of the three risk factors can be addressed. Studies have shown that lowering cholesterol and inflammation both significantly reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke, they said. The new data strongly supports earlier and more aggressive use of targeted preventive interventions, particularly among women for whom cardiovascular disease remains under-diagnosed and under-treated, the researchers said.

Fats in blood, with inflammation, could better predict heart disease risk in women, study finds

A new study has uncovered genes that could be related to <keyword id="21415597" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="heart-conditions" source="keywords">heart conditions</keyword> and <keyword id="20097972" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="Alzheimers-disease" source="keywords">Alzheimer's disease</keyword>, suggesting that the two could have similar origins. Researchers said that evidence increasingly links people having the heart condition with a quicker <keyword id="20097971" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cognitive-decline" source="keywords">cognitive decline</keyword> and a 26% increased risk of dementia, affecting one's memory and thinking, and interfering with daily activities. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia. <keyword id="20849758" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="coronary-artery-disease" source="keywords">Coronary artery disease</keyword> is a condition in which blood flow to the heart is restricted due to narrowing of blood vessels. Even abnormal levels of fat in blood and inflammation could be possible shared risk factors between having coronary artery disease and developing Alzheimer's disease, the researchers at Edith Cowan University, Australia said. However, the processes underlying the link remain unclear. In this study, they employed genetic methods to examine the intricate relationship between heart disease and Alzheimer's disease. The team chose to study seven heart disease-related factors, such as coronary artery disease and angina, and 13 lipids, including cholesterol - both 'good' and 'bad'. Previous studies have long suggested lipids to play a role in the development of Alzheimer's disease, they said. "Our comprehensive analysis reveals a significant and positive global genetic correlation between Alzheimer's disease and three <keyword id="22817116" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="lipid-traits" source="keywords">lipid traits</keyword>: LDL ('bad' cholesterol), triglycerides, and total cholesterol," the authors wrote in the study published in the <keyword id="22817118" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="International-Journal-of-Molecular-Sciences" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="International Journal of Molecular Sciences" meta.hostid="261" meta.entityid="International Journal of Molecular Sciences">International Journal of Molecular Sciences</keyword>. This suggests that certain lipids, not all, may have a more direct genetic link with Alzheimer's disease, they said. However, many of the lipids that the authors studied were genetically related with coronary artery disease. "Specifically, we found significant genetic correlations between coronary artery disease traits and lipid profiles such as HDL, LDL, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, aligning with the existing literature that underscores the genetic interplay in <keyword id="22817117" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cardiovascular-risk-factors" source="keywords">cardiovascular risk factors</keyword>," they wrote. By applying genetic approaches to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and coronary artery disease, we have uncovered novel insights into the underlying mechanisms linking these conditions, corresponding author Emmanuel Adewuyi, from Edith Cowan University, said.

Genetic connections between Alzheimer's disease, heart conditions found, notes recent study

Maintaining a <keyword id="23022" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="healthy-heart" source="Orion">healthy heart</keyword> is essential for overall well-being. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death globally, but the good news is that many heart-related issues are preventable through lifestyle modifications, particularly dietary changes. In this article, we'll explore how adjusting your food habits and diet can significantly contribute to <keyword id="612120" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="heart-health" source="Orion">heart health</keyword> and <keyword id="348929" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="disease-prevention" source="Orion">disease prevention</keyword>. Embrace a Plant-Based Diet Plant-based diets, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and seeds, have been linked to lower risks of heart disease. These foods are packed with fiber, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, which help reduce inflammation, lower cholesterol levels, and regulate blood pressure. Limit Saturated and Trans Fats Saturated and trans fats found in processed foods, red meat, butter, and fried foods can raise LDL (bad) cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease. Opt for healthier fats like those found in avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil, which support heart health. Choose Lean Protein Sources Incorporate lean protein sources such as fish, poultry (without skin), legumes, and tofu into your diet. These options are lower in saturated fat and can help maintain muscle mass while reducing the risk of heart disease. Monitor Sodium Intake Excessive sodium consumption can lead to high blood pressure, a significant risk factor for heart disease. Limit processed and packaged foods, which often contain high levels of sodium, and opt for fresh ingredients seasoned with herbs and spices instead. Include Omega-3 Fatty Acids Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines, as well as walnuts, flaxseeds, and chia seeds, are known for their heart-protective properties. These essential fats help lower triglyceride levels, reduce inflammation, and support overall heart health. Prioritize Fiber-Rich Foods Fiber plays a crucial role in heart health by promoting healthy digestion, regulating blood sugar levels, and lowering cholesterol. Incorporate fiber-rich foods such as oats, beans, lentils, fruits, and vegetables into your daily meals to support heart health. Be Mindful of Portion Sizes Overeating can lead to weight gain and increase the risk of heart disease. Practice portion control by using smaller plates, listening to your body's hunger cues, and avoiding mindless eating. Focus on nutrient-dense foods that provide satiety without excess calories. Stay Hydrated Adequate hydration is vital for heart health. Opt for water as your primary beverage and limit sugary drinks and excessive caffeine intake. Herbal teas and infused water can be refreshing alternatives that contribute to overall hydration. Limit Added Sugars and Refined Carbohydrates High intake of added sugars and refined carbohydrates can contribute to obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. Cut back on sugary snacks, desserts, and sweetened beverages, and choose whole grains like brown rice, quinoa, and whole wheat bread instead of refined grains. Practice Moderation and Balance Remember that moderation and balance are key to maintaining a healthy diet. Enjoy occasional treats in small portions, but make sure the majority of your meals consist of whole, nutrient-rich foods that support heart health. Making simple but impactful changes to your food habits and diet can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease and promote overall well-being. By embracing a plant-based diet, limiting unhealthy fats and sodium, prioritizing lean proteins, and staying mindful of portion sizes, you can nourish your heart and enjoy a healthier, happier life. Start incorporating these dietary changes today to support your heart health for years to come. Note: The article is based on content generated by AI models like Bard and Chatgpt.

10 Food habits and diet changes to prevent heart diseases

<keyword id="32472" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Cholesterol" source="Orion">Cholesterol</keyword>, a waxy substance found in your blood, is essential for building healthy cells. However, when levels of cholesterol rise above normal ranges, it can lead to various health issues, including cardiovascular diseases. The challenge with <keyword id="62976" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="high-cholesterol" source="Orion">high cholesterol</keyword>, also known as hypercholesterolemia, is that it often goes unnoticed until complications arise. However, there are subtle signs and symptoms that may manifest on your body, signaling elevated <keyword id="167221" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cholesterol-levels" source="Orion">cholesterol levels</keyword>. 1. Yellowish Deposits Around Eyes One visible <keyword id="12043034" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="sign-of-high-cholesterol" source="Orion">sign of high cholesterol</keyword> is the presence of yellowish deposits around the eyes, known as xanthelasma. These are fatty deposits that form under the skin, particularly near the eyelids. While not harmful themselves, xanthelasma can indicate elevated cholesterol levels and may suggest an increased risk of heart disease. If you notice such deposits, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and management. 2. Skin Lesions and Yellowish Patches Another external indicator of high cholesterol is the appearance of yellowish patches on the skin, particularly on the hands, elbows, knees, and feet. These patches, known as xanthomas, result from the accumulation of cholesterol deposits in the skin's layers. Xanthomas can vary in size and shape and may be indicative of underlying lipid abnormalities. Seeking medical advice is crucial if you observe such skin lesions, as they may signify an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. 3. Arcus Senilis Arcus senilis is a condition characterized by a white or grayish ring that forms around the cornea of the eye. While common in older adults, it can also occur in individuals with elevated cholesterol levels, particularly those above the age of 40. This ring results from the deposition of cholesterol in the cornea's periphery and may suggest the need for cholesterol screening and cardiovascular risk assessment. 4. Swollen or Painful Joints High cholesterol levels can contribute to the development of conditions such as gout, characterized by swollen, painful joints, typically in the big toe. Gout occurs when excess uric acid crystallizes in the joints, leading to inflammation and discomfort. While not directly caused by cholesterol, individuals with high cholesterol levels may have an increased risk of developing gout due to metabolic abnormalities associated with hypercholesterolemia. 5. Yellowish or Pale Appearance of Eyelids In addition to xanthelasma, high cholesterol can sometimes cause a yellowish or pale appearance of the eyelids. This discoloration, known as palpebral xanthelasma, may be accompanied by other symptoms such as itching or tenderness. While not specific to high cholesterol, palpebral xanthelasma can serve as a visual clue prompting further investigation into lipid profiles and cardiovascular health. 6. Tenderness or Pain in the Upper Abdomen Elevated cholesterol levels can lead to the formation of gallstones, particularly cholesterol stones, in the gallbladder. When these stones obstruct the bile ducts or gallbladder, they can cause symptoms such as tenderness or pain in the upper abdomen, often after consuming fatty meals. Gallstone-related discomfort may prompt individuals to seek medical attention, leading to the diagnosis of underlying hypercholesterolemia. 7. Fatigue and Weakness While not directly visible, persistent fatigue and weakness can be subtle indicators of high cholesterol levels. Elevated cholesterol can impair blood flow to vital organs, including the heart and brain, leading to reduced energy levels and overall lethargy. Additionally, cholesterol buildup in blood vessels can restrict oxygen supply to tissues, contributing to feelings of fatigue and weakness. High cholesterol is a silent yet significant risk factor for <keyword id="20924" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cardiovascular-disease" source="Orion">cardiovascular disease</keyword>, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. While often asymptomatic, certain signs and symptoms may manifest on the body, providing clues to underlying lipid abnormalities. Recognizing these indicators, such as xanthelasma, xanthomas, arcus senilis, and joint pain, can prompt timely intervention and management of hypercholesterolemia. If you notice any of these signs or experience persistent symptoms suggestive of high cholesterol, it's crucial to consult a healthcare professional for comprehensive evaluation and appropriate treatment to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular complications. Note: The article is based on content generated by AI models like Bard and Chatgpt.

Know what are the 7 signs and symptoms of high cholesterol in your body

<ul class="summary-list"><li><keyword id="20111572" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="running" source="keywords">Running</keyword> and <keyword id="22095454" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="rucking" source="keywords">rucking</keyword> are both trendy in the fitness world.</li><li>They both offer various <keyword id="20974094" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cardiovascular-benefits" source="keywords">cardiovascular benefits</keyword> and can boost mood. </li></ul>Running and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/rucking-longevity-burn-fat-build-muscle-no-gym-2023-11">rucking</a> are hot in the fitness world right now. If you're deciding between the two, experts told Business Insider to do whichever you enjoy more because both provide similar benefits. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/61-year-old-marathon-runner-fitness-tips-2024-5">Running</a>, a mainstay in the fitness world, only continues to grow in popularity. Last year's New York City Marathon was the largest ever, with 51,933 runners, an increase of about 4,000 from 2022. And 165,000 people have applied for the 2024 race, the second most ever, behind only 2020, <a target="_blank" href="https://abc7ny.com/new-york-city-marathon-runners-drawing-nyrr/14584663/#:~:text=The%20New%20York%20Road%20Runners,most%20ever%2C%20behind%20only%202020.">ABC 7 NY</a> reported. Meanwhile rucking, which involves walking or jogging with a <keyword id="22095456" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="weighted-backpack" source="keywords">weighted backpack</keyword>, has become one of the buzziest trends in fitness. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guy-fieri-weight-loss-healthy-aging-fat-burning-rucking-workouts-2024-5">Guy Fieri said he lost 30 pounds</a> over the last few years by hiking with a weighted vest uphill a few times a week (alongside eating a healthy diet), and it's beloved by <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/rucking-startup-founders-investors-look-for-ways-optimize-workouts-2023-10">Silicon Valley</a> elites and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/rucking-benefits-tia-clair-toomey-orr-crossfit-games-2024-5">legendary CrossFitters</a>. <h2>Rucking and running are both great aerobic exercises</h2><keyword id="22095455" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="aerobic-exercise" source="keywords">Aerobic exercise</keyword>, which both activities count as, can increase <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/vo2-max-explained-what-is-good-how-improve-2024-3">cardiovascular fitness</a>, endurance, reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and improve risk factors such as blood pressure, cholesterol, and insulin sensitivity, Dr. Allison Zielinski, a cardiologist and co-director of the sports cardiology program at Northwestern Memorial Hospital, told BI. Higher levels of fitness are also linked to a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/essential-healthy-habits-for-your-twenties-thirties-longevity-advice-2023-12?r=US&amp;IR=T">longer lifespan</a>, she said: Cardio lowers the risk of early death from any cause. Luke Worthington, a top trainer and sports scientist whose clients include <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/celebrity-trainer-luke-worthington-workout-dakota-johnson-naomi-campbell-2022-12">Naomi Campbell</a> and Dakota Johnson, told BI that walking and running can improve body composition. There are also some "hidden benefits," he said. Rotating your pelvis and ribcage, which you automatically do when you walk or run, can help the digestive system run more smoothly and improve the movement of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/treatments/lymphatic-drainage-massage">lymphatic fluids</a>. Walking outdoors can also boost your mood and calm the nervous system. The adjustment and re-adjustment that the eyes and brain continually make when walking or running has been shown to improve parasympathetic nervous system activity, Worthington said. <div type="image" title="a man and a women wearing backpacks and walking on a gravel path through the woods" height="1414" width="2120" msid="111019553" hostid="261"></div><h2>Carrying weight is good for <keyword id="19897053" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="bone-health" source="keywords">bone health</keyword></h2>The biggest difference between rucking and running is the weight-carrying component. Walking with an additional load requires more work from the cardiovascular system and some of your muscles than unloaded walking, Zielinski said. So it uses up more energy and burns more calories. But the health benefit or quantity of fat you lose from rucking and running will depend on factors like speed, terrain, hill grade, duration, and how much load you carry, she said. You're going to get more of a <keyword id="20001490" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="workout" source="keywords">workout</keyword> from sprinting up a hill than you would from strolling with five pounds on your back, for instance. Regardless, carrying a load, which humans have done for centuries, can be beneficial for bone health, Worthington said. Applying force along the length of long bones, known as axial loading of the skeleton, is really great for maintaining bone and mass density, he said. And because adding weight feels more difficult, it can create a higher sense of achievement, Worthington said. <h2>Cardio won't help you build muscle</h2>Worthington said that neither exercise would have any noticeable impact on <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/best-exercises-build-upper-body-muscle-short-time-gym-workout-2024-3">building muscle</a> or weight loss. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/weight-lifting-rep-range-rule-myth-how-train-build-muscle-2021-3">Increasing muscle mass</a> requires three things: A calorie surplus (because you can't make something out of nothing), adequate protein, (the building blocks of muscle tissue), and gradually increasing workload over time, (whether through increased weight or mechanical tension), Worthington said. <h2>Choose whatever you're likely to do regularly</h2>If you're looking to establish an exercise regime, start slow and aim to be consistent, the experts recommended. "I would say that for people who are not exercising, starting with walking, adding some grade, and then once they kind of get comfortable with that and feel like that's not very hard anymore, then adding a little bit of weight can up the intensity," Zielinski said. This might be easier on the joints than increasing speed. Worthington said to pick whichever you enjoy more and are likely to do regularly. "Lots of different training modalities 'work' — the biggest issue people have is not doing them for long enough to actually allow them to," he said. Correction: June 17, 2024 — An earlier version of this story misstated the name of one of Worthington’s celebrity clients. He works with Dakota Johnson, not Dakota Fanning.

Everyone's talking about running and rucking right now. How to decide which one to add to your fitness routine. 

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Sleeping in on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%, new research shows.</li><li>Quality sleep also boosts fitness, aids weight management, and improves overall longevity.</li></ul>Forget <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/stem-cell-injections-knee-joints-longevity-wellness-industry-bryan-johnson-2024-7">expensive longevity hacks</a> — one of the best ways to prevent disease and extend your lifespan doesn't cost a thing.Evidence is piling up that hitting the snooze button is great for your health. And if you struggle to get enough shut-eye during the work week, catching up on your days off can help, science suggests.People who slept in on the weekends to make up for lost rest were 20% less likely to develop heart disease than peers who stayed sleep deprived, according to new research to be presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2024 on September 1st.The findings were based about 14 years of data from more than 90,000 UK residents, analyzed by a team of scientists from the National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease in Beijing."Our results show that for the significant proportion of the population in modern society that suffers from sleep deprivation, those who have the most 'catch-up' sleep at weekends have significantly lower rates of heart disease than those with the least," Zechen Liu, coauthor of the study and researcher at the Centre, said in a press release.But sleep isn't just good for your heart. It's become such a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-get-better-sleep-millionaire-advice-2024-6">longevity trend</a> that the wealthy are paying big money to upgrade their bedtime routine.<a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/how-to-sleep-better">Sleeping better</a> doesn't have to cost a thing, though, and research suggests quality rest is key for supporting a long life, better fitness, and even a healthier diet.Here's all the evidence you should sleep in this weekend.<h2 id="11af3708-4321-4271-ac78-b3aa7a71ce58">Skipping sleep can lead to a weakened immune system and higher risk of early death</h2>Nearly 22% of people in the latest study were regularly sleep deprived, defined as getting less than seven hours of sleep per night.Adults need between <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/guides/health/how-much-sleep-do-you-need">seven to nine hours of sleep</a> nights to be well-rested, according to neuroscientists.Sleep too little, and you risk <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/how-much-sleep-is-enough-health-risks-dangers-of-sleep-deprivation-2017-11">serious consequences</a> like a weaker immune system, increased cancer risk, and reduced focus (which can be deadly if you're doing activities like driving).People who consistently sleep less than six hours a night have a higher risk of dying early of any cause, <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.119.013043">studies suggest</a>.Skimping on rest also ages your brain, with research suggesting a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/bad-sleep-increased-alzheimers-dementia-risk-2017-7">higher risk of dementia</a> and cognitive decline among people who don't get enough rest.<h2 id="a29f2f1d-1e6c-404d-b89e-43062fc673cc">Sleep can help you manage your weight and build muscle</h2>There's good reason to think getting enough sleep can help you live better, not just longer.Sleep goes hand in hand with fitness, another crucial factor in longevity, since <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/weightlifting-strength-training-mistakes-stall-muscle-gains-expert-tips-2021-12#losing-sleep-can-prevent-muscles-from-growing-back-stronger-2">resting between workouts</a> is what allows your muscles to grow back stronger.Sleeping well can make you more likely to stick to a healthy diet and even <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/if-you-want-to-lose-weight-get-more-sleep-scientists-2023-3">lose weight</a>, if that's a goal. A recent study found people who slept less than six and a half hours nightly tended to eat between 270 and 500 calories a day more than peers who slept an hour longer.<h2 id="0b0bfee4-c831-410d-9965-86a2f738472d">If you can't fit in more hours, aim for consistency</h2>When a busy schedule keeps you from sleeping well, the good news is that quality can matter as much or more than quantity.<a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/tips-easy-simple-boost-longevity-live-longer-healthier-habits-2024">Sleep consistency</a>, or aiming to go to bed around the same time, can help you get more out of your hours of sleep even if you can't add more hours to the night, a doctor previously told Business Insider.The caveat is that a regular sleep schedule does mean trying to stick to a routine even on the weekends.So, while the latest research says you can stay in bed on Sunday if it helps you catch up, don't count on intentionally staying up late Friday or Saturday just because you know you can sleep in.

Sleep in this weekend — it may help you live longer and avoid heart disease

A new study by <keyword id="5069783" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Centre-for-Chronic-Disease-Control" source="Orion">Centre for Chronic Disease Control</keyword>, India (CCDC) on cardiovascular risk reduction in South Asia has demonstrated significant long-term benefits of a multi-faceted quality improvement (QI) strategy, comprising of task sharing, and clinical decision support software (CDSS) with electronic health records, in managing type-2 diabetes in India and Pakistan. The study, published in the prestigious journal PLOS Medicine, highlights the sustained impact of QI interventions on <keyword id="21411276" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="diabetes-care" source="keywords">diabetes care</keyword> and associated complications over a median follow-up period of 6.5 years. The burden of diabetes Diabetes control remains a global challenge, leading to severe complications such as <keyword id="22908" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="heart-disease" source="Orion">heart disease</keyword>, <keyword id="25191" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="stroke" source="Orion">stroke</keyword>, <keyword id="16753" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="blindness" source="Orion">blindness</keyword> or visual impairment, and kidney and nerve damage. LMICs are often faced with challenges such as inadequate infrastructure and trained healthcare staff with digital literacy. In that respect, the study's findings are crucial for integrating care models sustainably and identifying relevant organizational barriers. Previous studies from high-income countries showed improvements in diabetes care, but their long-term impact on vascular complications and mortality was unclear. This study aimed to address the critical gap in data regarding the long-term effectiveness of QI strategies and their impacts on vascular complications in LMICs. Professor Nikhil Tandon, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, and senior author of the study explained the relevance of these findings in the context of national efforts to combat non-communicable diseases (NCDs). He said, "The <keyword id="22511956" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="National-Programme-for-NCDs" source="keywords">National Programme for NCDs</keyword> [NP-NCDs] operationalized by the Government of India has already a functional portal which provides an electronic health record functionality. Integrating the CDSS in this portal will provide significant incremental benefit to the impact of the National Programme, and bolster governmental efforts to battle the scourge of NCDs including diabetes and hypertension." Speaking about the findings, Prof. (Dr) Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Executive Director, CCDC, and one of the study authors, said, "Through the trial, we've demonstrated that a sustained quality improvement strategy can significantly enhance diabetes care and reduce complications in South Asia. For every 13 patients treated with this strategy, one major adverse cardiovascular event like heart attacks or strokes- or a microvascular event -like eye disease or decline in kidney function- was prevented, showcasing its profound impact on patient outcomes." Professor MK Ali, William H. Foege Distinguished Professor of Global Health, Emory University and one of the key authors of this article, said, "This study is an exemplar of trans-national collaboration for benefits of both, the global south and global north." Study Design and Findings The randomized clinical trial included 1,146 patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes across ten outpatient diabetes clinics from January 2011 through September 2019. Participants were randomized to receive either the QI strategy, which involved trained non-physician care coordinators and a clinical decision support software (CDSS) integrated into the electronic health record form, for physicians, or the usual care. Some of the key findings from the study include: <ul><li>At 6.5 years, patients in the QI strategy group were nearly twice as likely to achieve and maintain target levels for HbA1c (&lt;7%), systolic blood pressure (&lt;130mmHg), and LDL-cholesterol (&lt;100mg/dl), compared to the usual care group. </li><li> The incidence of first microvascular complications, such as diabetic eye disease, decline in kidney function, and nerve pain was notably 32% lower in the QI group. </li><li>There was a significant 28% reduction in the combined occurrence of microvascular and macrovascular events in the QI group.</li></ul> Importantly, these benefits were sustained only in clinics that continued the QI strategy for 6.5 years. With diabetes accounting for one in seven deaths in South Asia, the study provides unique insights into the sustainability of QI strategies in achieving diabetes care goals in low- and middle-income (LMICs) and the effects of these improvements on reducing vascular complications and diabetes-related deaths.

CCDC study reveals multi-pronged diabetes care improves patient outcomes in India, Pakistan

Even mild cases of <keyword id="8763838" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="covid-19" source="Orion">COVID-19</keyword> can have long-term harmful impacts on cardiovascular health, a study has warned. The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Medicine, is the first to compare pre and post-COVID-infection levels of arterial stiffness; a marker associated with the ageing and function of our arteries. Researchers found that in individuals diagnosed with mild COVID-19, artery and central cardiovascular function were affected by the disease two to three months after infection. Side effects include stiffer and more dysfunctional arteries that could lead to <keyword id="17271508" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="cardiovascular-disease-development" source="Orion">cardiovascular disease development</keyword>, they said. "We were surprised to observe such a decline in <keyword id="506496" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="vascular" source="Orion">vascular</keyword> health, which deteriorated even further with time since COVID-19 infection," said study co-author, Maria Perissiou from the University of Portsmouth in the UK. "Usually, you would expect inflammation to decrease with time after infection, and for all the physiological functions to go back to normal or a healthy level," Perissiou said. Emerging evidence suggests that this phenomenon stems from COVID-19 triggering the auto-immune process that leads to vasculature deterioration, the researchers said. While COVID-19 has been associated with a type of acute heart failure and vascular dysfunction, the long-term consequences of the disease on vascular health still need to be explored, they said. As many as 32 participants in the study were monitored between October 2019 and April 2022 at the University of Split School of Medicine, Croatia. Most were young, less than 40 years old, and healthy. Only 9 per cent of the group had high blood pressure, and none had high cholesterol. Two were diabetic, and 78 per cent did not smoke. The group was also almost an even split between males (56 per cent) and females (44 per cent). "Given the number of people infected with COVID-19 worldwide, the fact that infection can have harmful effects on cardiovascular health in young people who had a mild form of the disease warrants close monitoring," Professor Ana Jeroncic from the University of Split, who led the study, said. "The question remains as to whether this harmful effect is irreversible or permanent, and if not, for how long it lasts," Jeroncic said. The study, while small, does support the prediction amongst vascular physiologists that there will be an increase in cardiovascular disease in the future as a result of COVID-19 infections, the researchers said. However, it needs to be taken into consideration what other variables would have contributed to this increase, they said. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/amazon-posts-usd-3-2-bn-profit-as-it-goes-through-multiple-layoffs/articleshow/99838008.cms">Amazon posts USD 3.2-bn profit as it goes through multiple layoffs</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/finance/news/sebi-bans-five-entities-in-lic-front-running-case-impounds-2-44-crore/articleshow/99837998.cms">SEBI bans five entities in LIC front running case, impounds ₹2.44 crore</a>

Even mild Covid infection can harm heart health, study finds

Amidst the rich palette of <keyword id="19920824" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="north-india" source="keywords">North India</keyword>'s culinary legacy, where each dish tells a story of tradition and taste, food reigns as a revered art form. From the fiery allure of Chole Bhature to the velvety richness of Dal Makhani, every bite is a symphony of flavours that tantalises the senses and leaves an indelible mark on the palate. Yet, amidst this gastronomic paradise, a recent dietary study has uncovered a sobering truth that lurks beneath the delectable surface. Focused on sodium, potassium, phosphorus and <keyword id="2955085" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="protein-intake" source="Orion">protein intake</keyword>, the study delved into the dietary habits of North Indian populations, shedding light on the risks of prevalent <keyword id="473390" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="non-communicable-diseases" source="Orion">non-communicable diseases</keyword> such as hypertension, cardiovascular issues and chronic kidney disease. Over 400 adult participants, including both healthy individuals and those with early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD), were meticulously analysed using 24-hour urinary excretion analysis. This method provided precise insights, avoiding the inaccuracies often associated with dietary recall. The analysis uncovered unsettling trends: protein consumption falling below the recommended dietary allowance, <keyword id="16922798" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="excessive-salt" source="Orion">excessive salt</keyword> consumption far beyond recommended levels and <keyword id="21123602" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="inadequate-potassium" source="Orion">inadequate potassium</keyword> intake. The latter two are particularly linked with the risk of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. These findings underscore the necessity for optimal nutrient intake to maintain cardiovascular and kidney health. They also stress the urgency for personalised dietary interventions to mitigate the risks of prevalent non-communicable diseases. Emphasising the need for targeted interventions to address the alarming dietary patterns, Prof. Vivekanand Jha, lead researcher and Executive Director at The George Institute for Global Health, India, said: “A poor nutritious diet is a major risk element for non-communicable diseases (NCD), which are of considerable public health concern. “In India, people eat different foods, so it is important to know exactly what nutrients they are getting to help prevent and manage these diseases. The high salt intake and low potassium intake point to the need to develop interventions targeted to individuals and societies.” In combating the prevalence of non-communicable diseases, researchers have advocated for multifaceted strategies. These include enhanced food labelling to empower healthier choices, reducing salt content in processed foods, and promoting the consumption of potassium-rich fruits and vegetables. In embracing an informed and holistic approach to dining, where taste and nutrition harmonise, the populations can not only savour the essence of North Indian cuisine, but also nurture their well-being with every delectable bite. The study was published in the journal <keyword id="21002179" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="frontiers-in-nutrition" source="keywords">Frontiers in Nutrition</keyword> and can be accessed <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1312581/full">here</a>.

Consuming excessive salt and inadequate potassium, protein is making North Indians prone to life-threatening diseases: Study

<ul class="summary-list"><li>Following the Mediterranean diet has been linked to a 24% lower risk of cardiovascular disease in women.</li><li>Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for women.</li></ul>Following the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mediterranean-diet-favorite-foods-list-tweaks-cheeseburger-fries-pancakes-2023-1?r=US&amp;IR=T">Mediterranean diet</a> has been linked to a 24% lower risk of cardiovascular disease in women in a study.The researchers behind the analysis of 16 studies conducted between 2003 and 2021, published in the journal <a href="https://heart.bmj.com/content/early/2023/02/14/heartjnl-2022-321930">Heart</a>, said their findings suggest more sex-specific research into cardiovascular disease is needed, given the majority either include relatively few women or don't differentiate between sexes.<a href="https://www.insider.com/cardiologist-said-heart-disease-attack-among-young-due-to-lifestyle-2023-2">Cardiovascular disease,</a> the term used for conditions of the heart or blood vessels, is the leading cause of death in women. Despite this, the study is the first of its kind to look into the effect of the Mediterranean diet on women's <a href="https://www.insider.com/cardiologist-said-heart-disease-attack-among-young-due-to-lifestyle-2023-2">heart health</a>.The studies included more than 700,000 adult women, mostly in the US and Europe, whose <a href="https://www.insider.com/carbs-heart-health-key-for-nutrition-wholegrain-over-processed-2023-3">heart health</a> was tracked for an average of 12.5 years.The researchers found that those who followed the Mediterranean diet most closely had a 24% lower risk of cardiovascular disease, as well as a 23% lower risk of death from any cause.The <a href="https://www.insider.com/mediterranean-diet-simple-food-swaps-nutritionist-approved-2023-1">Mediterranean diet</a> prioritizes vegetables, whole grains, oily fish, legumes, nuts, olive oil, and fruit, and also includes alcohol in moderation. It encourages minimal consumption of fried and processed foods, refined carbs, added sugars, and dairy products. It's believed that the Mediterranean diet is so good for heart health because it's high in antioxidants, polyphenols, nitrates, omega-3 fatty acids, and <a href="https://www.insider.com/tracked-fiber-intake-harder-than-expected-to-meet-daily-goal-2021-11">fiber</a>, and limits refined carbs.<h2>The study cannot prove cause and effect</h2>The researchers acknowledged the limitations of their findings, such as the fact that all the studies relied on participants reporting on their own behaviors.Observational studies can be misleading because they don't show causation — social factors and behavior can play a big role in the results, George Davey Smith, professor of clinical epidemiology at the University of Bristol, UK, who was not involved in the study, told the <a href="https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-study-looking-at-mediterranean-diet-and-womens-cardiovascular-disease-and-death-risk/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Science Media Centre</a>.Victoria Taylor, senior dietitian at the charity British Heart Foundation, who was also not involved in the study, highlighted the need for sex-specific research."Heart disease is often seen as a male problem, but coronary heart disease kills more than twice as many women as breast cancer in the UK each year," she said. "Sex-specific research like this is vital for reducing the heart disease gender gap and improving women's care."The study authors agreed and wrote: "Female specific cardiovascular risk factors, including premature menopause, pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes, or female predominant risk factors, such as systemic <a href="https://www.insider.com/selena-gomez-weight-gain-what-lupus-medication-steroids-sleep-2023-2">lupus</a>, can all independently increase CVD risk.""It is possible that preventative measures, such as a Mediterranean diet, that targets inflammation and CVD risk factors, impose differing effects in women compared with men," they said.While the researchers grouped participants by ethnicity, they didn't assess whether or not women were pre- or post-menopausal, using hormonal replacement therapy or the oral contraceptive pill, or had a history of gestational diabetes, professor Nita Forouh from the MRC Epidemiology Unit that works to improve global health at the University of Cambridge, who also didn't work on the study, said.

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