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<ul class="summary-list"><li>In his new book, social scientist <keyword id="13190081" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="arthur-c-brooks" source="Orion">Arthur C. Brooks</keyword> explains why addiction to achievement is bound to yield disappointment. </li><li>To find true joy in the second half of life, invest in relationships instead of material possessions and social status.</li></ul>I was a vice president at Goldman Sachs in the 1990s when it was still the premier private investment banking partnership, before the dot-com bust of 2000 and the financial crisis of 2007 and 2008 permanently undermined the industry's reputation.In the years after the firm's 1999 IPO, most of the partners I knew at the time either left or were pushed out, and I've followed from afar their respective life trajectories. What has struck me is how many of these individuals seemed never to regain their footing either personally or professionally. <div type="image" title="From Strength to Strength" height="1482" width="980" msid="89626780" hostid="261"></div>A new book by Arthur C. Brooks — a social scientist with appointments at Harvard's Business and Kennedy schools and a columnist at The Atlantic — provides both a diagnosis of this phenomenon and, more urgently, a roadmap for "strivers" with the ambition of Goldman Sachs partners to find fulfillment in middle age and beyond.According to <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Strength-Finding-Success-Happiness-Purpose-ebook/dp/B08WCKY8MB">From Strength to Strength: Finding Happiness and Deep Purpose in the Second Half of Life, </a>the basic problem is the inevitable decline in our abilities. The decline in peak performance begins far earlier than we are likely to admit across professions, not just in athletes. According to Brooks, "on average, the peak of creative careers occurs at about 20 years after career inception," so that professional decay is likely to commence between ages 35 and 50. Financial professionals peak between 36 and 40.<h2>But Brooks is making a deeper point: Addiction to relentless achievement is ultimately bound to yield disappointment. </h2>Like drug addiction, each subsequent hit of success yields a shorter period of satisfaction, necessitating greater feats of performance just as the capacity to produce them declines with age.Strength to Strength reads like a companion volume to the cult classic from 1979, <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Drama-Gifted-Child-Search-Third-ebook/dp/B00D0UWFP0">The Drama of the Gifted Child</a> by Swiss psychoanalyst Alice Miller. Miller pointed out that talented children can become addicted to the positive feedback that their talents inspire, and may never develop an identity independent of the expectations of others.When I am counseling graduating business school students, I often reference Miller's work when I encourage them to think hard before pursuing whatever is viewed as the most prestigious MBA job of the moment. The strivers of Strength to Strength never got the memo from Miller and are facing a rude awakening as they approach retirement — and are likely to have underinvested along the way in the relationships that might help during the next phase of life.Fear not. From Strength to Strength is, after all, a self-help book and these always deliver a happy ending. In this case, the road to salvation lies in the fact that our decline is mostly related to fading levels of something called "fluid intelligence," or "what we commonly think of as raw smarts."The good news, according to Brooks, is that there is another important capacity called "crystallized intelligence" – "defined as the ability to use a stock of knowledge learned from the past" — that actually increases with age. So the road to salvation is to move from the activities most favored by strivers (which overwhelmingly rely on fluid intelligence) to those – like teaching, for instance – that leverage the benefits of well-developed crystallized intelligence. <h2>This, like breaking any addiction, is easier said than done. </h2>Brooks provides many fabulous examples, but those from the domain of music — where he himself was a young prodigy but discovered to his shock that he peaked at an abnormally early age — are particularly powerful. For instance, "for a long time after he could barely hear," Beethoven insisted on performing on the piano, banging "the keys so hard that he ruined the piano." Sound like anyone you know, raging against unavoidable deterioration of faculties or skills?Although Strength to Strength is a secular tome (the author nonetheless feels obliged to reveal himself to be a convert to Roman Catholicism) and draws on a wide variety of sources from philosophy, science, literature, and eastern spirituality, the single principle that undergirds much of Brooks' advice is found in the First Commandment: Thou shall have no other gods before me.In his view, the golden idols of success, material possessions, and social status represent the biggest impediments to making the leap necessary to finding true joy in the second half of life. Brooks' offers words of encouragement and practical counsel to help readers find the needed courage to break old habits to make the transition. For instance, he dedicates an entire chapter titled "Make Your Weakness Your Strength" to combating the deep-seated fear of decline. Beethoven ultimately produced his greatest work after he was completely deaf — Brooks suggests that the Ninth Symphony was made possible precisely because the composer was able to formulate it entirely inside his own head without outside distractions or influences. Brooks ate his own cooking as he prepared his guide, stepping away from his high-powered job as president of the American Enterprise Institute at the age 55.Readers may or may not decide to lock arms and take the leap with Brooks. Either way, they will find it hard not to at least take a moment to review their current ambitions for the rest of their lives and consider whether, at a minimum, these might need a refresh.Jonathan A. Knee is a professor of professional practice at Columbia Business School and a senior advisor at Evercore. His most recent book, The Platform Delusion: Who Wins and Who Loses in the Age of Tech Titans, was released in September.

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Everyone thinks about money.
Even a Tibetan monk.
In the <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/14/opinion/sunday/arthur-c-brooks-abundance-without-attachment.html">New York Times</a>, Arthur C. Brooks excerpts a recent conversation with a Hindu swami named&#xa0;Gnanmunidas,&#xa0;a man who has renounced all of his worldly possessions besides some basic clothing and prayer beads, and who is forbidden to physically touch money.
Said monk is also a graduate of the University of Texas who holds an MBA - but that's before he traveled to a Hindu seminary in India and emerged with fewer than a dozen possessions to his name.&#xa0;
Brooks asked Gnanmunidas&#xa0;if economic prosperity was a good or bad thing.
In <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/14/opinion/sunday/arthur-c-brooks-abundance-without-attachment.html">Brooks' words</a>, here's what the monk said:
"It's good," he replied. "It has saved millions of people in my country from starvation."
This was not what I expected. "But you own almost nothing," I pressed. "I was sure you'd say that money is corrupting." He laughed at my naïveté. "There is nothing wrong with money, dude. The problem in life is attachment to money." The formula for a good life, he explained, is simple: abundance without attachment.
The idea of "abundance without attachment" is one that resonates when you consider that even the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/the-super-rich-are-just-as-miserable-as-the-rest-of-us-2014-10">richest among us aren't markedly happier</a>, or that it <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/harvard-dan-gilbert-psychology-of-spending-2014-10">may be in human nature</a> to regret even the biggest, theoretically most exciting purchases.
Having a lot of money isn't the problem, according to Gnanmunidas. It's being desperately unwilling to have less that causes problems.&#xa0;
Brooks continues:
In Tibetan, the word "attachment" is translated as "do chag," which literally means "sticky desire." It signifies a desperate grasping at something, motivated by fear of separation from the object. One can find such attachment in many dysfunctional corners of life, from jealous relationships to paranoia about reputation and professional standing.
In the realm of material things, attachment results in envy and avarice. Getting beyond these snares is critical to life satisfaction.
Easier said than done. But if you're going to take a stab at it, Brooks suggests three tactics: First, spending the money you have on <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/materialism-eroding-happiness-2014-8?op=1">experiences rather than things</a>, as the happiness of memories tends to outlive the joys of a new car; "steering clear of excessive usefulness," meaning doing things for their own sake rather than turning tasks into chores; and finally, prioritizing the most meaningful things in your life - in Brooks' example, faith - over fleeting possessions and status.
Apparently, having money is a good thing - as long as we're willing to let it go.

A Hindu Monk Says Wealth Is A Good Thing - Unless You Make This One Mistake

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right click-to-enlarge"><div><div class="image on-image"><a title_source="Chris Jagers/Flickr" title_caption="Love what you already do for a living." class="zoomin" href="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/55f08047ecad04e33d226ff1-960/happy-work-6.jpg"></a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/chrisjagers/13292198874/in/album-72157632557301434/">Chris Jagers/Flickr</a>Love what you already do for a living.</div></div></div>If Mahatma Gandhi was right when he said, "The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others," it would likely follow, then, that helping others could also alleviate a great deal of your workday blues.Adopting a "service mindset" first thing in the morning guarantees some measure of success, explains Arthur C. Brooks, president of the American Enterprise Institute and author of the book "<a href="http://www.amazon.com/The-Conservative-Heart-Happier-Prosperous/dp/0062319752">The Conservative Heart</a>," in <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/06/opinion/arthur-brooks-rising-to-your-level-of-misery-at-work.html">a recent New York Times oped</a>.Brooks contends that service reduces stress and raises job satisfaction because it displaces the object of attention from oneself."When I am working for myself, any disappointing outcome is a stressful, unpleasant reflection on me," he writes. "When I am serving, on the other hand, the work is always intrinsically valuable because of its intention."Stephen G. Post, PhD, a professor of bioethics at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and author of "<a href="http://www.amazon.com/The-Hidden-Gifts-Helping-Compassion/dp/0470887818">The Hidden Gifts of Helping: How the Power of Giving, Compassion, and Hope Can Get us Through Hard Times</a>" <a href="http://www.webmd.com/balance/features/science-good-deeds">tells WebMD</a> that when we engage in good deeds, we reduce our stress levels on a physiological and psychological level. Because long-term stress is linked to premature aging and early death, Post explains that cultivating a positive emotional state through pro-social behaviors, which lowers stress levels, may even lengthen your life. Studies of people suffering from cancer, cardiac disease, chronic pain, breast cancer, AIDS, and multiple sclerosis <a href="http://www.stonybrook.edu/bioethics/goodtobegood.pdf">have all shown a correlation</a> between patients providing peer support to others and a positive shift in quality of life and survival rates.<a href="http://www.stonybrook.edu/bioethics/goodtobegood.pdf">Post points to more research on the benefits of benevolence</a>, including that of <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-joy-giving/200809/updating-the-helper-therapy-principle">Allan Luks</a>, who surveyed thousands of volunteers across the US and found that people who consistently helped others felt their health improved when they started to volunteer. Half of respondents reported experiencing a "high"" feeling, 43% felt stronger and more energetic, and others reported experiencing feelings of inner warmth, calm, and self-worth.Even simply thinking about service can have a positive physiological effect. In the 1980s <a href="http://www.researchgate.net/publication/247532754_The_effect_of_motivational_arousal_through_films_on_salivary_immunoglobulin_A">Harvard behavioral psychologists found</a> that students who watched a film about Mother Teresa's charitable work showed significant increases in a protective antibody that plays a critical role in mucosal immunity over those watching a neutral film. <a href="http://www.stonybrook.edu/bioethics/goodtobegood.pdf">The r</a><a href="http://www.stonybrook.edu/bioethics/goodtobegood.pdf">esearchers concluded</a> that "dwelling on love" strengthened the immune system.All of this isn't to say you necessarily need to quit your job and join a nonprofit. <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/06/opinion/arthur-brooks-rising-to-your-level-of-misery-at-work.html">Brooks explains in the New York Times</a> almost any work could be considered a genuine service job by adding a "layer of intentionality.""The type of work is actually less important than the attitude of the worker," he says.He illustrates this point by drawing on the parable of a traveler who asked some stonemasons what they were doing - one replied that he was making a living cutting stone, while another said he was building a cathedral."Every one of us is building a human cathedral," <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/06/opinion/arthur-brooks-rising-to-your-level-of-misery-at-work.html">Brooks writes</a>. "In our interconnected world and global economy, our work transforms the lives of countless others. Sometimes the impact is obvious: Managers and executives directly inflect their employees' happiness and career success. But everyone, in every industry, affects the lives of coworkers, supervisors, customers, suppliers, donors or investors."He suggests that we ponder on how to make people's lives better through our work during our morning commute or while sipping our morning coffee."Relief is as close as the kindness you show to others," Brooks writes. "Build your cathedral." <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/us-air-force-f-22-raptor-costs-200-million-lethal-fighter-jet-2015-7">This $200 million plane is called the 'most lethal fighter aircraft in the world'</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="drYXRkdjoL0Qzy9Ui5QTih2IoyDGgoEm" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

Science says this simple tweak to your morning routine could make you happier and healthier at work

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right click-to-enlarge"><div><div class="image on-image"><a title_source="Flickr / Leo Hidalgo" title_caption="Stay put if you're happy where you are." class="zoomin" href="https://static-ssl.businessinsider.com/image/55f1a54abd86ef14008b960a-960/serious-young-woman.jpg"></a>Flickr / Leo HidalgoStay put if you're happy where you are.</div></div></div>If you've successfully navigated the murky waters of <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-get-promoted-quickly-2014-4">getting a promotion</a>, congratulations - <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/why-you-cant-get-a-promotion-2015-7">that's no easy feat</a>. But have you considered not accepting said promotion?Arthur C. Brooks, president of the American Enterprise Institute and author of the book "<a href="http://www.amazon.com/The-Conservative-Heart-Happier-Prosperous/dp/0062319752">The Conservative Heart</a>," warns in <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/06/opinion/arthur-brooks-rising-to-your-level-of-misery-at-work.html">a recent New York Times oped</a> of a plight against today's competent working class that often brings about workplace misery."Ambitious, hard-working, well-trained professionals are lifted by superiors to levels of increasing prestige and responsibility. This is fun and exciting - until it isn't," <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/06/opinion/arthur-brooks-rising-to-your-level-of-misery-at-work.html">he writes</a>.Brooks explains that in most people's <keyword id="6354910" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="Careers">careers</keyword> there is generally a blissful period when their creative work and responsibility matches their skills and passion, but once they're promoted out of this window, problems begin to arise."Those who love being part of teams and creative processes are promoted to management. Happy engineers become stressed-out supervisors. Writers find themselves in charge of other writers and haranguing them over deadlines," <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/06/opinion/arthur-brooks-rising-to-your-level-of-misery-at-work.html">he writes</a>. "In my years in academia, I saw happy professors become bitter deans, constantly reminiscing about the old days doing cutting-edge research and teaching the classes they loved."Unsurprisingly, hating your new role can wreak havoc on you. <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/alexander-kjerulf/happiness-tips_b_5001073.html">Various studies have found</a> job dissatisfaction can cause weight gain, lower your immune system, or even rob you of sleep. And <a href="http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/newsandevents/pressreleases/researchers_find_promotion/">researchers from the University of Warwick in England found</a> that job promotions cause on average a 10% decrease in people's mental health and allow up to 20% less time to visit the doctor.In short, when the new job doesn't feel right, it's better to just say "no." So why don't we?Brooks believes we are programmed to think that more power, money, and responsibility is always better, which is why people generally don't stop rising when they are happy where they are.Lynn Taylor, a national workplace expert and the author of "<a href="http://www.amazon.com/Tame-Your-Terrible-Office-Tyrant/dp/0470457643/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;s=books&amp;qid=1248186483&amp;sr=8-1">Tame Your Terrible Office Tyrant: How to Manage Childish Boss Behavior and Thrive in Your Job</a>," would agree. As <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-be-successful-without-getting-promoted-2015-3">she previously told Business Insider</a>, many people in corporate America are conditioned to think that without attaining fancier titles, they'll stagnate in their careers."But that can be a myth. If you excel at your work, find reward in it, and have a good rapport with your colleagues and boss, you may well have a great argument in staying where you are," she told Business Insider.The next time you're offered a promotion, it's important to remember that this is an opportunity, not a reward - and to evaluate whether the new role is right for you."People do their best work when they're content," Taylor says. "To the extent you can demonstrate your ability to continuously deliver excellent results that match the goals of your employer, you stand a good chance of finding success as defined by you." <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/answers-illegal-questions-job-interviews-2015-1">How To Respond To 8 Illegal Interview Questions</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="FpODY5aDoeNEmjny3Wm13KSJmPZjnK33" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

Science says if you want to be happy, you should consider ditching the promotion and staying where you are

<div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/jodiwomack/6217543261/">Jodi Womack/Flickr</a></div></div>Social scientists think they've discovered a formula for <keyword id="6358439" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="happiness">happiness</keyword>, <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/15/opinion/sunday/a-formula-for-happiness.html?src=me&amp;ref=general&amp;_r=0" target="_blank">writes Arthur C. Brooks in the New York Times</a>, and making lots of <keyword id="6354840" type="PERSON" weightage="60" keywordseo="money">money</keyword> is not a part of it.
Decades of research have boiled human happiness down to just three factors: genes, events, and values. About half of how happy you feel is hardwired into your genetic make up, according to the article. Meanwhile, one-off events like getting married or landing a big promotion can contribute up to 40% of your happiness, but tend to offer just a temporary boost that lasts a few months.
Brooks says the remaining 12% of factors that govern how happy you feel are faith, family, community, and <keyword id="6355058" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Work">work</keyword>. Because of the social connection and meaning they tend to create, the first three are likely not too shocking. However, the idea that working may be a significant contributor to your happiness and wellbeing is more surprising. After all, it's something that many people spend their entire lives aspiring to retire from. 
Interestingly, money is not a big part of the equation, since meaningful work that helps us feel successful seems to be the reward itself. Moving beyond the poverty level will make you happier and less stressed, but earning more money than you need to comfortably live does not make much of a difference. Not having good work, on the other hand, can be devastating. <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/15/opinion/sunday/a-formula-for-happiness.html?pagewanted=1&amp;_r=0&amp;ref=general&amp;src=me" target="_blank">As Brooks writes</a>:
So relieving poverty brings big happiness, but income, per se, does not. Even after accounting for government transfers that support personal finances, <a href="http://www.stanford.edu/%C3%9Ccy10/public/Losing_a_Job.pdf">unemployment proves catastrophic for happiness</a>. Abstracted from money, joblessness seems to increase the rates of <a href="http://dl.kli.re.kr/dl_image/IMG/01/000000004618/SERVICE/000000004618_01.PDF">divorce</a> and <a href="http://jech.bmj.com/content/57/8/594.full">suicide</a>, and the severity of <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9353675">disease</a>....
Assemble these clues and your brain will conclude what your heart already knew: Work can bring happiness by marrying our passions to our skills, empowering us to create value in our lives and in the lives of others. Franklin D. Roosevelt had it right: "Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort."
For those who dread the daily slog, perhaps this insight could put working into perspective. It seems that money really can't buy happiness, but working towards something meaningful just might.

Meaningful Work - Not Money - Makes People Happy

<div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image">Paramount Pictures</div></div>Unhappiness isn't the "opposite" of happiness - they're related, but different, psychological states.
So while we might obsess over <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/best-inspirational-quotes-from-us-presidents-2014-7?op=1">the pursuit of happiness</a>, knowing how unhappiness works is important for our well-being, too.
In an op-ed for the New York Times, American Enterprise Institute president Arthur C. Brooks <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/20/opinion/sunday/arthur-c-brooks-love-people-not-pleasure.html?_r=0" target="_blank">explains</a> the difference: 
As strange as it seems, being happier than average does not mean that one can't also be unhappier than average. One test for both happiness and unhappiness is the Positive Affectivity and Negative Affectivity Schedule test. I took the test myself. I found that, for happiness, I am at the top for people my age, sex, occupation and education group. But I get a pretty high score for unhappiness as well. I am a cheerful melancholic.
Brooks goes on to review the psychology literature around what makes people unhappy.
Let's go over a few of the points here:
<h3 class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="252" data-total-count="2023">Bosses come with bad moods.</h3>
In 2004, Nobel Prize-winning psychologist and "<a href="http://www.amazon.com/Thinking-Fast-Slow-Daniel-Kahneman/dp/0374533555" target="_blank">Thinking, Fast And Slow</a>" author Daniel Kahneman asked people to report their moods - or affect, as psych folks say - throughout the day. <a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/306/5702/1776.full" target="_blank">The study</a> came to a long-suspected finding: that people feel the greatest "negative affect" when they're interacting with their managers. 
<h3 class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="252" data-total-count="2023">Fame can make you unhappy.</h3>
A fascinating University of Rochester <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092656608001360" target="_blank">study from 2009</a> tracked recent grads as they pursued their goals. Some had intrinsic goals, where the reward was in the activity itself, and others had extrinsic goals, where the reward lies outside the activity.
Here are the example activities from the study: 
<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table"><div><div class="image"><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092656608001360">Journal of Research in Personality</a></div></div></div>
The folks who arranged their lives around extrinsic goals felt shame, fear, and other negative emotions more than the intrinsic-oriented people, and they had more physical illness. 
The authors conclude: 
These findings are rather striking, as they suggest that attainment of a particular set of goals (viz., extrinsic aspirations) has no impact on well-being and actually contributes to ill-being.
... change in attainment of extrinsic aspirations does not relate positively to change in psychological health, presumably because it does not relate positively to change in satisfaction of the basic psychological needs.
In other words, the problem with pursuing status or fame is that those things don't actually help out with what we know <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/characteristics-of-authentically-happy-people-2014-7">makes people authentically happy</a>.
<h3 class="story-body-text story-content" data-para-count="252" data-total-count="2023">Having many sexual partners can make you unhappy.</h3>
When <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0347-0520.2004.00369.x/abstract" target="_blank">economists asked 16,000 Americans</a> to report their number of sexual partners and their levels of happiness, monogamy came out on top. 
"Across men and women alike," Brooks writes, "the data show that the optimal number of partners is one."
<h3 class="p1">Having the wrong relationship with money can make you unhappy.</h3>
Money presents a more nuanced case: <a href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2019628,00.html" target="_blank">Having enough allows people to absorb financial traumas like getting fired or moving cities</a>, but the research shows that earning lots of dough so that you can be a wealthy person predicts unhappiness.
"(T)he bulk of the studies point toward the same important conclusion," Brooks says. "People who rate materialistic goals like wealth as top personal priorities are significantly likelier to be more anxious, more depressed and more frequent drug users, and even to have more physical ailments than those who set their sights on more intrinsic values."
Add that to the reasons to revise <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/why-incentives-dont-actually-make-people-do-better-work-2014-3">the way we think about incentives</a>.

How Fame, Sex, Money, And Your Boss Make You Unhappy

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div>NEW YORK (AP) - As presenter Barbra Streisand noted, "tonight our joy is tinged with sorrow" - and she wasn't the only one making reference to the horrific Orlando shootings during the Tony Awards ceremony. But the night was also a celebration of the power of theater to bring joy. And there much joy for the cast and creators of the wildly popular "Hamilton," which won a whopping 11 Tonys.A look at some of the night's top moments, both onstage and off, and a list of all the winners:A SEARING SONNET"Hamilton" creator Lin-Manuel Miranda, the eloquent hero of this Broadway season, is known for giving acceptance speeches in freestyling rap. But on this night, he told the crowd, he opted to write a sonnet instead. His own tears over the Orlando tragedy were infectious, as he spoke of "when senseless acts of tragedy remind us that nothing is promised, not one day." But, he added: "Hope and love last longer, and love is love is love is love."<div></div>THE LOOK OF DIVERSITYFor all the talk about diversity and inclusiveness this season (absent at the Oscars, present at the Tonys), nothing could beat one powerful image: All four of the musical acting winners were black actors. "Think of tonight as the Oscars, but with diversity," host James Corden had said at the beginning of the show. "It's so diverse that Donald Trump has threatened to build a wall around this theater."CORDEN'S BROADWAY CREDSpeaking of Corden, after his own somber opening referring to Orlando - a piece he pre-recorded to be sure to get it right - the late-night TV host delighted the crowd with an ode to what seemed like dozens of past Broadway shows, from "Les Miserables" to "Phantom of the Opera" to "Sweeney Todd" to "Grease." And there's no easier way to win over a theater-loving audience than to sing a few bars from "Rose's Turn" in "Gypsy."WHAT YOU DIDN'T SEEDuring commercial breaks, Corden worked the crowd a bit, and this included enlisting prominent audience members for impromptu singalongs. He got Jeff Daniels to sing from "The Sound of Music," and he got Jake Gyllenhaal and Sean Hayes to sing from "Aladdin." When he saw that Gyllenhaal was chewing gum, he simply took it and put it in his own mouth.OUTSIDE ANTICSSpeaking of singalongs, Corden adopted the "Hamilton" practice of performing for a streetside crowd, actual putting on brief shows outside the Beacon Theater. This made for some odd combinations, like Miranda and Andrew Lloyd Webber joining Steve Martin and Edie Brickell in singing "Tomorrow" from "Annie" - or the cast of "Fiddler on the Roof" singing "There's No Business Like Show Business" from "Annie Get Your Gun."A BLAST FROM THE PAST FOR GROBANSpeaking of "Fiddler," Corden had a surprise for presenter Josh Groban: He unearthed, and played, a clip of the singer performing Tevye as a high school student. Groban seemed to have a good sense of humor about it.GIVING THANKSMany people thank their parents or their kids in their speeches, but Renee Elise Goldsberry, who plays Angelica Schuyler in "Hamilton," had an especially poignant moment speaking about her years-long struggle to become a mother. "If you know anything about me you know I've spent the last 10 years just trying to have children," she said. "God gave me Benjamin, he gave me Brielle - and he still gave me this," she said, gesturing to her Tony.YOU NEVER KNOWIvo Van Hove, who won for best direction of a play ("Arthur Miller's A View From the Bridge,") told the story of how when he first came to New York at age 20, he met a woman on a park bench, and told her he was an aspiring theater director. She asked for his autograph - because, she said, "you never know." So, the director surmised in his Tony speech: "She's watching now and thinking, 'See? I was right.'"PARTYING LIKE THERE'S NO (PERFORMANCE) TOMORROWIf you were the "Hamilton" cast, wouldn't YOU be partying? The "Hamilton" bunch had a day off on Monday, and it's a good thing: their after-party Sunday night was way cooler than the official post-Tony gala. The show took over the Tavern on the Green restaurant in Central Park, and danced to a DJ until the early hours. Rapper Common, who introduced "Hamilton" at the ceremony, was among the guests. Besides eating, drinking and dancing, one could pose against a green screen and be inserted into a famous "Hamilton" photograph.BARBRA DRESSES JUST RIGHTIntroducing Streisand, Corden warned that medical personnel were standing by, just in case her return was too exciting for some. She was appearing on the Tony stage for the first time since 1970 to present the award for Best Musical - to "Hamilton," of course. "You're making me verklempt!" she called out when the crowd gave her an ovation. Dressed in a ruffled, high-collared white blouse and black vest, she quipped when she opened the envelope: "Thank God I picked the right outfit."A LITTLE SELF-ESTEEM CAN'T HURTSheldon Harnick, the 92-year-old lyricist, wasn't above a little healthy self-promotion when he received his Lifetime Achievement Award.Responding to the accolades that had just been showered upon him, he replied: "Thank you. If I didn't deserve it, this would be embarrassing."BELOW ARE ALL THE WINNERS:Best Play "Eclipsed" "The Father" WINNER: "The Humans" "King Charles III"Best Musical "Bright Star" WINNER: "Hamilton" "School of Rock-The Musical" "Shuffle Along, Or the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed" "Waitress"Best Revival of a Play "Arthur Miller's The Crucible" WINNER: "Arthur Miller's A View From the Bridge" "Blackbird" "Long Day's Journey Into Night" "Noises Off"RELATED: <a href="http://www.ew.com/gallery/tony-awards-2016-red-carpet-arrivals" target="_blank">Tony Awards 2016 Red Carpet Arrivals: See the Photos</a>Best Revival of a Musical WINNER: "The Color Purple" "Fiddler on the Roof" "She Loves Me" "Spring Awakening"Best Book of a Musical "Bright Star," Steve Martin WINNER: "Hamilton", Lin-Manuel Miranda "School of Rock-The Musical," Julian Fellowes "Shuffle Along, Or the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed,"&#xa0;George C. WolfeBest Original Score (Music and/or Lyrics) Written for the Theatre "Bright Star" (Music: Steve Martin and Edie Brickell / Lyrics: Edie Brickell) WINNER:&#xa0;"Hamilton" (Music &amp; Lyrics: Lin-Manuel Miranda) "School of Rock-The Musical" (Music: Andrew Lloyd Webber / Lyrics: Glenn Slater) "Waitress"&#xa0;(Music &amp; Lyrics: Sara Bareilles)Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play Gabriel Byrne, "Long Day's Journey Into Night" Jeff Daniels, "Blackbird" WINNER:&#xa0;Frank Langella, "The Father" Tim Pigott-Smith, "King Charles III" Mark Strong, "Arthur Miller's A View From the Bridge"RELATED: <a href="http://www.ew.com/gallery/tony-awards-2016-red-carpet-best-worst" target="_blank">Tony Awards 2016: Best and Worst Dressed</a>Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Play WINNER:&#xa0;Jessica Lange, "Long Day's Journey Into Night" Laurie Metcalf, "Misery" Lupita Nyong'o, "Eclipsed" Sophie Okonedo, "Arthur Miller's The Crucible" Michelle Williams, "Blackbird"Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Musical Alex Brightman, "School of Rock-The Musical" Danny Burstein,&#xa0;"Fiddler on the Roof" Zachary Levi, "She Loves Me" Lin-Manuel Miranda, "Hamilton" WINNER:&#xa0;Leslie Odom, Jr., "Hamilton"Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Musical Laura Benanti,&#xa0;"She Loves Me" Carmen Cusack, "Bright Star" WINNER:&#xa0;Cynthia Erivo, "The Color Purple" Jessie Mueller, "Waitress" Phillipa Soo, "Hamilton"Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Role in a Play WINNER:&#xa0;Reed Birney, "The Humans" Bill Camp, "Arthur Miller's The Crucible" David Furr, "Noises Off" Richard Goulding, "King Charles III" Michael Shannon,&#xa0;"Long Day's Journey Into Night"Best Performance by an Actress in a Featured Role in a Play Pascale Armand, "Eclipsed" Megan Hilty, "Noises Off" WINNER:&#xa0;Jayne Houdyshell, "The Humans" Andrea Martin, "Noises Off" Saycon Sengbloh, "Eclipsed"Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Role in a Musical WINNER:&#xa0;Daveed Diggs, "Hamilton" Brandon Victor Dixon, "Shuffle Along, Or the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed" Christopher Fitzgerald,&#xa0;"Waitress" Jonathan Groff, "Hamilton" Christopher Jackson, "Hamilton"Best Performance by an Actress in a Featured Role in a Musical Danielle Brooks, "The Color Purple" WINNER: Renée Elise Goldsberry, "Hamilton" Jane Krakowski, "She Loves Me" Jennifer Simard,&#xa0;"Disaster!" Adrienne Warren, "Shuffle Along, Or the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed"Best Scenic Design of a Play Beowulf Boritt, "Thérèse Raquin" Christopher Oram,&#xa0;"Hughie" Jan Versweyveld, "Arthur Miller's A View From the Bridge" WINNER: David Zinn, "The Humans"Best Scenic Design of a Musical Es Devlin &amp; Finn Ross, "American Psycho" David Korins, "Hamilton" Santo Loquasto,&#xa0;"Shuffle Along, Or the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed" WINNER: David Rockwell, "She Loves Me"Best Costume Design of a Play Jane Greenwood,&#xa0;"Long Day's Journey Into Night" Michael Krass,&#xa0;"Noises Off" WINNER: Clint Ramos, "Eclipsed" Tom Scutt, "King Charles III"Best Costume Design of a Musical Gregg Barnes, "Tuck Everlasting" Jeff Mahshie, "She Loves Me" Ann Roth, "Shuffle Along, Or the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed" WINNER: Paul Tazewell, "Hamilton"Best Lighting Design of a Play WINNER: Natasha Katz, "Long Day's Journey Into Night" Justin Townsend, "The Humans" Jan Versweyveld, "Arthur Miller's The Crucible" Jan Versweyveld, "Arthur Miller's A View From the Bridge"Best Lighting Design of a Musical WINNER: Howell Binkley, "Hamilton" Jules Fisher &amp; Peggy Eisenhauer, "Shuffle Along, Or the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed" Ben Stanton, "Spring Awakening" Justin Townsend, "American Psycho"Best Direction of a Play Rupert Goold, "King Charles III" Jonathan Kent, "Long Day's Journey Into Night" Joe Mantello, "The Humans" Liesl Tommy, "Eclipsed" WINNER:&#xa0;Ivo Van Hove, "Arthur Miller's A View From the Bridge"Best Direction of a Musical Michael Arden, "Spring Awakening" John Doyle, "The Color Purple" Scott Ellis, "She Loves Me" WINNER:&#xa0;Thomas Kail, "Hamilton" George C. Wolfe, "Shuffle Along, Or the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed"Best Choreography WINNER:&#xa0;Andy Blankenbuehler, "Hamilton" Savion Glover, "Shuffle Along, Or the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed" Hofesh Shechter,&#xa0;"Fiddler on the Roof" Randy Skinner, "Dames at Sea" Sergio Trujillo, "On Your Feet! The Story of Emilio and Gloria Estefan"Best Orchestrations August Eriksmoen, "Bright Star" Larry Hochman, "She Loves Me" WINNER:&#xa0;Alex Lacamoire, "Hamilton" Daryl Waters, "Shuffle Along, Or the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed"Special Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement in the Theatre Sheldon Harnick Marshall W. MasonSpecial Tony Award National Endowment for the Arts Miles WilkinRegional Theatre Tony Award Paper Mill Playhouse (Millburn, New Jersey)Isabelle Stevenson Tony Award Brian Stokes MitchellTony Honors for Excellence in the Theatre Seth Gelblum Joan Lader&#xa0; <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/lin-manuel-miranda-paid-tribute-orlando-victims-speech-2016-6">'Hamilton' creator Lin-Manuel Miranda paid tribute to the Orlando shooting victims with a stirring speech</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="NjdGY0NDE6k9LFSPV-YX-kD5pGyjBFlE" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div>

'Hamilton' swept the Tony Awards with 11 wins - here are all the winners

<div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image on-image"></div></div></div><keyword id="41551" type="ENTERTAINMENT" weightage="60" keywordseo="science">Science</keyword> fiction makes you think.Although sci-fi pushes past the boundaries of reality, it paradoxically allows readers to think about questions that hit closest to home. Technology, society, war, existence, family - these main sci-fi themes are things that we all deal with every day.No literary list is exhaustive, but we've put together a list of 17 that any real sci-fi fan should definitely read.<h3>"Foundation" by Isaac Asimov</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"The first Foundation trilogy (...) won a Hugo Award in 1965 for 'Best All-Time Series.' It's science fiction on the grand scale; one of the classics of the field," <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0553293354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0553293354&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=PF65JVATA2KKXAMM">wrote</a> Brooks Peck.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0553293354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0553293354&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=PF65JVATA2KKXAMM">$7.19</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0553293354/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0553293354&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=PF65JVATA2KKXAMM">$4.99</a>The Foundation trilogy (paperback): <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0307292061/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0307292061&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=TEE6EHNNMUEMMBQQ">$16.91</a><h3>"Dune" by Frank Herbert</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"Herbert created what was, in 1965, the most complex backdrop of politics, economics, religion, science, philosophy, and culture to inform an [science fiction] novel to date," <a href="http://www.sfreviews.net/herbert_dune.html">wrote Tomas M. Wagner for SFReviews.net</a>. Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0441172717/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0441172717&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=KFEPJUX4D4FDBASA">$7.99</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0441172717/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0441172717&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=KFEPJUX4D4FDBASA">$5.99</a><h3>"Ringworld" by Larry Nivel</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>200-year old human Louis Wu, 20-year old fellow human Teela Brown, and two aliens set out to explore an unknown world, Ringworld. Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0345333926/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0345333926&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=IQ5FIFNJDV75YSTL">$6.00</a><h3>"Daemon" by Daniel Suarez</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"Suarez's riveting debut would be a perfect gift for a favorite computer geek or anyone who appreciates thrills, chills and cyber suspense... A final twist that runs counter to expectations will leave readers anxiously awaiting the promised sequel," <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0451228731/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0451228731&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=2MJJMNWGKPQJXNZ5">writes Publisher's Weekly</a>.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0451228731/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0451228731&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=EAH4255EM6HB5745">$6.68</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0451228731/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0451228731&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=EAH4255EM6HB5745">$6.35</a><h3>"Avogardo Corp: The Singularity Is Closer Than It Appears" by William Hertling</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"An alarming and jaw-dropping tale about how something as innocuous as email can subvert an entire organization. I found myself reading with a sense of awe, and read it way too late into the night," <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B006ACIMQQ/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B006ACIMQQ&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=IPRJBAMREWYXXKWE">writes</a> author Gene Kim.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B006ACIMQQ/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B006ACIMQQ&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=IPRJBAMREWYXXKWE">$9.58</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B006ACIMQQ/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B006ACIMQQ&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=IPRJBAMREWYXXKWE">$2.99</a><h3>"I, Robot" by Isaac Asimov</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>The Will Smith movie version is nothing compared to the actual book.This nine-story collection is a mind-blowing read. Trust us.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/055338256X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=055338256X&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=FU4Y6PJK4YRGVFHB">$11.46</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/055338256X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=055338256X&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=FU4Y6PJK4YRGVFHB">$5.99</a><h3>"Contact" by Carl Sagan</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"Who could be better qualified than the author of the highly successful Cosmos to turn the possibility of extraterrestrial intelligence, and humankind's first contact with it, into imaginative reality?" <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0671004107/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0671004107&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=YRX6WSXGIBCIZPL7">according</a> to Publisher's Weekly.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0671004107/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0671004107&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=YRX6WSXGIBCIZPL7">$7.19 </a>Hardcover: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0671004107/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0671004107&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=YRX6WSXGIBCIZPL7">$14.76</a><h3>"2001: A Space Odyssey" by Arthur C. Clarke</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"Brain-boggling," according to <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0451457994/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0451457994&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=DPOPVS7EG5YPCAFU">LIFE</a>.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0451457994/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0451457994&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=DPOPVS7EG5YPCAFU">$6.00</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0451457994/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0451457994&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=DPOPVS7EG5YPCAFU">$6.00</a><h3>"Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?" by Philip K. Dick</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"[Dick] sees all the sparkling and terrifying possibilities... that other authors shy away from," wrote Rolling Stone's <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0345404475/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0345404475&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=AKFQG5JX454NRHEJ">Paul Williams</a>.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0345404475/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0345404475&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=AKFQG5JX454NRHEJ">$9.75</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0345404475/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0345404475&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=AKFQG5JX454NRHEJ">$5.95</a><h3>"Ender's Game" by Orson Scott Card</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"Intense is the word for Ender's Game. Aliens have attacked Earth twice and almost destroyed the human species. To make sure humans win the next encounter, the world government has taken to breeding military geniuses -- and then training them in the arts of war," according to the Amazon.com <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0812550706/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0812550706&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=XJ2YOGA4KV6UJJLH">review</a>.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0812550706/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0812550706&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=XJ2YOGA4KV6UJJLH">$6.00</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0812550706/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0812550706&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=XJ2YOGA4KV6UJJLH">$7.99</a>The whole Ender Quintet: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0765362430/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0765362430&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=XET6TIBVUENREO2C">$22.88</a><h3>"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" by Douglas Adam</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"You'll never read funnier science fiction; Adams is a master of intelligent satire, barbed wit, and comedic dialogue. The Hitchhiker's Guide is rich in comedic detail and thought-provoking situations and stands up to multiple reads," <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0345453743/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0345453743&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=HSLXSTEGUHCPTB6K">according</a> to the Amazon.com review.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0345453743/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0345453743&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=HSLXSTEGUHCPTB6K">$13.48</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0345453743/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0345453743&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=HSLXSTEGUHCPTB6K">$11.99</a><h3>"Pandora's Star" by Peter F. Hamilton</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>Astronomer Dudley Bose sees a star disappearing one thousand light-year away - and goes out find out what's going on.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0345479211/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0345479211&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=EJGOCQFSHQU4CWCT">$8.99</a><h3>"Sirens of Titan" by Kurt Vonnegut</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"The Sirens of Titan - a lacerating satire that undeniably influenced Douglas Adams - gives humanity the brutal message: You are not in control," according to the <a href="http://www.sfreviews.net/vonnegut_sirens_of_titan.html">SFreview.net</a>.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0385333498/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0385333498&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=X7M676CVBPXTOAUT">$11.57</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0385333498/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0385333498&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=X7M676CVBPXTOAUT">$5.99</a>Leather-bound: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0385333498/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0385333498&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=X7M676CVBPXTOAUT">$150.00</a><h3>"Neuromancer" by William Gibson</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div>"...the novel is not much interested in character and plot. Instead it is dedicated to creating the feeling of a transformed reality, where a new vocabulary is required to describe how perception itself has been changed by computers," writes John Mullan in <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/nov/07/neuromancer-william-gibson-review-cyberpunk-classic-30-years-on">The Guardian</a>.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0441569595/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0441569595&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=O7F5C4LZOM4H56VY">$7.19</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0441569595/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0441569595&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=O7F5C4LZOM4H56VY">$5.99</a><h3>"Hyperion" by Dan Simmons</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container display-table float_right"><div><div class="image"></div></div></div>"Simmons make up a single thousand-page novel about the last days of a vibrant yet self-destructive galactic civilization called the Hegemony," according to Gerald Jones in the <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/25/books/science-fiction.html">New York Times</a>.<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/25/books/science-fiction.html"></a>One of the most thought-provoking moments in the novel is when a character says, "Sometimes, dreams are all that separate us from machines."Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0553283685/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0553283685&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=FNIMQFI7SMWYDQF6">$7.14</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0553283685/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0553283685&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=FNIMQFI7SMWYDQF6">$4.99</a><h3>"1984" by George Orwell</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"Agreeing with all that the critics have written of it, I need not tell you, yet once more, how fine and how profoundly important the book is," <a href="http://io9.com/5890861/read-aldous-huxleys-review-of-1984-he-sent-to-george-orwell">Aldous Huxley wrote in a letter to George Orwell </a>regarding "1984."Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0451524934/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0451524934&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=T6OZNBSSI6CH4ZZL">$6.00</a> Kindle: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0451524934/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0451524934&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=T6OZNBSSI6CH4ZZL">$5.70</a><h3>"War of the Worlds" by H. G. Wells</h3><div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image"></div></div>"... true classic that has pointed the way not just for science-fiction writers, but for how we as a civilization might think of ourselves," writes Ben East in <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/aug/19/war-worlds-hg-wells-review">The Guardian</a>.Paperback: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1505260795/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=1505260795&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=biipscifibooks-20&amp;linkId=LEVXFAFZ4IHDYYFO">$6.99</a> Disclosure: This post is brought to you by Business Insider's Insider Picks team. We aim to highlight products and services you might find interesting, and if you buy them, we may get a small share of the revenue from the sale. This is not an advertiser sponsored post and we operate independently from our advertising sales team. We welcome your feedback.Have something you think we should know about? Email us at insiderpicks@businessinsider.com. <div class="margin-top"> <h3>NOW WATCH: <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/iphone-headphones-tricks-2015-2">14 things you didn't know your iPhone headphones could do</a></h3> <div> <div> <div class="ooyala-video-player" data-video-autoplay="false" data-video-id="o2OGM3czpWcydnvhjbkDBd6feXPuExiD" data-player-variable="ooyalapopvideo" id="ooyalaplayer_popvideo" style="width:1280px;height:720px"></div> </div> </div> </div></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr></hr>

17 science fiction books that every real sci-fi fan should read

<div class="KonaFilter image-container float_right"><div class="image on-image"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Whos-Bigger-Historical-Figures-Really/dp/1107041376/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1387297630&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=who%27s+bigger+where+historical+figures+really+rank"></a><a href="http://www.harrisinteractive.com/NewsRoom/HarrisPolls/tabid/447/ctl/ReadCustom%20Default/mid/1508/ArticleId/1353/Default.aspx">Wikimedia Commons</a>Jesus, the most important person in history, according to the book.</div></div>It was only a matter of time before the tech world tried to rewrite history.
Stony Brook University computer science professor <a href="http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~skiena/">Steven Skiena</a> and Google software engineer <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/charlesbward/">Charles B. Ward</a> take on this ambitious task in a book published this fall: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Whos-Bigger-Historical-Figures-Really/dp/1107041376/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1387297630&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=who%27s+bigger+where+historical+figures+really+rank">"Who's Bigger: Where Historical Figures Really Rank</a>."
Just as Google ranks web pages, the researchers created an algorithm that ranks historical figures by Wikipedia PageRank, article length, and readership, as well as achievement and celebrity.
Their conclusions have not come without controversy. The top 100 significant figures are overwhelming white and male. For example, Nelson Mandela, who helped end Apartheid in South Africa, ranked only 356. And just three women broke the top 100. 
Cass Sunstein of "The New Republic" <a href="http://www.newrepublic.com/article/115669/ranking-historical-figures-skiena-and-wards-whos-bigger-reviewed">wrote a sprawling analysis of their findings</a>. She questions not only if we can measure historical significance, but whether we should and certainly why the authors relied solely on the English-language version of Wikipedia. On that note, perhaps we could call these the most important figures in Western history.
Here's the top 100:
1. Jesus: central figure of Christianity (7 B.C. - A.D. 30) 
2. Napoleon: Emperor of France, involved in the Battle of Waterloo (1769 - 1821)
3. Muhammad: prophet and founder of Islam (570 - 632)
4. William Shakespeare: English playwright, wrote "Hamlet" (1564 - 1616)
5. Abraham Lincoln: 16th U.S. president, involved in the Civil War (1809 - 1865)
6. George Washington: 1st U.S. president, involved in the American Revolution (1732 - 1799)
7. Adolf Hitler: Fuehrer of Nazi Germany, involved in World War II (1889 - 1945)
8. Aristotle: Greek philosopher and polymath (384 - 322 B.C.)
9. Alexander the Great: Greek king and conqueror of the known world (356 - 323 B.C.)
10. Thomas Jefferson: 3rd U.S. president, co-wrote the Declaration of Independence (1743 - 1826)
11. Henry VII: King of England, had six wives (1491 - 1547)
12. Charles Darwin: scientist, created the Theory of Evolution (1809 - 1882)
13. Elizabeth I: Queen of England, known as "The Virgin Queen" (1533 - 1603)
14. Karl Marx: philosopher, wrote the "Communist Manifesto" (1818 - 1883)
15. Julius Caesar: Roman general and statesmen, said "Et tu, Brute?" (100 - 44 B.C.)
16. Queen Victoria: Queen of Britain, Victorian Era (1819 - 1901)
17. Martin Luther: Protestant Reformation, wrote the "95 Theses" (1483 - 1546)
18. Joseph Stalin: Premier of USSR, involved in World War II (1878 - 1953)
19. Albert Einstein: theoretical physicist, created the Theory of Relativity (1879 - 1955)
20. Christopher Columbus: explorer, discoverer of the New World (1451 - 1506)
21. Isaac Newton: scientist, created the Theory of Gravity (1643 - 1727)
22. Charlemagne: first Holy Roman Emporer, considered the "Father of Europe" (742 - 814)
23. Theodore Roosevelt: 26th U.S. president, Progressive Movement (1858 - 1919)
24. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Austrian composer, wrote "Don Giovanni" (1756 - 1791)
25. Plato: Greek philosopher, wrote "The Republic" (427 - 347 B.C.)
26. Louis XIV: King of France, known as The Sun King (1638 - 1715)
27. Ludwig Von Beethoven: German composer, wrote "Ode to Joy" (1770 - 1827)
28. Ulysses S. Grant: 18th U.S. president and Civil War general (1822 - 1885)
29. Leonardo da Vinci: Italian artist and polymath, painted the "Mona Lisa" (1452 - 1519)
30. Augustus: First Emporer of Rome, Pax Romana (63 B.C. - A.D. 14)
31. Carl Linnaeus: Swedish biologist, father of Taxonomy (1707 - 1778)
32. Ronald Reagan: 40th U.S. president, Conservative Revolution (1911 - 2004)
33. Charles Dickens: English novelist, wrote "David Copperfield" (1812 - 1870
34. Paul the Apostle: Christian apostle and missionary (A.D. 5 - A.D. 67)
35. Benjamin Franklin: Founding father, scientist, captured lightning (1706 - 1790)
36. George W. Bush: 43rd U.S. president during the Iraq War (1946 - )
37. Winston Churchill: Prime Minister of Britain, involved in World War II (1874 - 1965)
38. Genghis Khan: Founder of the Mongol Empire (1162 - 1227)
39. Charles I: King of England, involved in the English Civil War (1600 - 1649)
40. Thomas Edison: Inventor of the light bulb and phonograph (1847 - 1931)
41. James I: King of England, responsible for the King James Bible (1566 - 1625)
42. Friedrich Nietzsche: German philosopher, "God is dead" (1844 - 1900)
43. Franklin D. Roosevelt: 32nd U.S. President, responsible for the New Deal (1882 - 1945)
44. Sigmund Freud: neurologist and creator of psychoanalysis (1856 - 1939)
45. Alexander Hamilton: U.S. Founding Father, National Bank (1755 - 1804)
46. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi: Indian nationalist leader, instrumental in non-violence (1869 - 1948)
47. Woodrow Wilson: 28th U.S. president, involved in World War I (1856 - 1924)
48. Johann Sebastian Bach: Classical composer, wrote the "Well Tempered Clavier" (1685 - 1750)
49. Galileo Galilei: Italian physicist and astronomer (1564 - 1642)
50. Oliver Cromwell: Lord Protector of England, involved in the English Civil War (1599 - 1658)
51. James Madison: 4th U.S. president, involved in the War of 1812 (1751 - 1836)
52. Guatama Buddha: central figure of Buddhism (563 - 483 B.C.)
53. Mark Twain: American author, wrote "Huckleberry Finn" (1835 - 1910)
54. Edgar Allen Poe: American author, wrote "The Raven" (1809 - 1849)
55. Joseph Smith: American religious leader, founded Mormonism (1805 - 1844)
56. Adam Smith: Economist, wrote "The Wealth Of Nations" (1723 - 1790)
57. David: Biblical King of Israel, founded Jerusalem (1040 - 970 B.C.)
58. George III: King of England, involved in the American Revolution (1738 - 1820)
59. Immanuel Kant: German philosopher, wrote "Critique Of Pure Reason" (1724 - 1804)
60. James Cook: Explorer and discoverer of Hawaii and Australia (1728 - 1779)
61. John Adams: Founding Father and 2nd U.S. president (1735 - 1826)
62. Richard Wagner: German composer, wrote "Der Ring Des Nibelungen" (1813 - 1883)
63. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky: Russian composer, wrote the "1812 Overture" (1840 - 1893)
64. Voltaire: French Enlightenment philosopher, wrote "Candidate" (1694 - 1778)
65. Saint Peter: Early Christian leader (?-?)
66. Andrew Jackson: 7th U.S. president, also known as "Old Hickory" (1767 - 1845)
67. Constantine the Great: Emperor of Rome, first Christian emperor (272-337)
68. Socrates: Greek philosopher and teacher, sentenced to death by hemlock (469 - 399 B.C.)
69. Elvis Presley: The "king of rock and roll" (1935 - 1977)
70. William the Conqueror: King of England, Norman Conquest (1027 - 1087)
71. John F. Kennedy: 35th U.S. president, Cuban Missile Crisis (1917 - 1963)
72. Augustine of Hippo: Early Christian theologian, wrote "The City of God" (354 - 430)
73. Vincent Van Gogh: Post-impressionist painter, painted "Starry Night" (1853 - 1890)
74. Nicolaus Copernicus: Astronomer, theorized a heliocentric cosmology (1473 - 1543)
75. Vladimir Lenin: Soviet revolutionary and Premier of USSR (1870 - 1924)
76. Robert E. Lee: Confederate General during the U.S. Civil War (1807 - 1870)
77. Oscar Wilde: Irish author and poet, wrote "The Picture of Dorian Grey" (1854 - 1900)
78. Charles II: King of England, post-Cromwell (1630 - 1685)
79. Cicero: Roman statesman and orator, wrote "On the Republic" (106 - 43 B.C.)
80. Jean-Jacques Rousseau: philosopher, wrote "On the Social Contract" (1712 - 1778)
81. Francis Bacon: English scientist, created the Scientific Method (1561 - 1626)
82. Richard Nixon: 37th U.S. president, involved in Watergate (1913 - 1994)
83. Louis XVI: King of France, executed in the French Revolution (1754 - 1793)
84. Charles V: Holy Roman Emporer during the Counter-Reformation (1500 - 1558)
85. King Arthur: Mythical 6th-century King of Britain (? - ?)
86. Michelangelo: Italian sculptor and Renaissance man, sculpted "David" (1475 - 1564)
87. Philip II: King of Spain, organized the Spanish Armada (1527 - 1598)
88. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: German writer and polymath, wrote "Faust" (1749 - 1832)
89. Ali: Early Caliph and a central figure of Sufism (598 - 661)
90. Thomas Aquinas: Italian theologian, "Summa theologiae" (1225 - 1274)
91. Pope John Paul II: 20th-century Polish Pope, Solidarity (1920 - 2005)
92. Rene Descartes: French philosopher, coined "I think, therefore I am" (1596 - 1650)
93. Nikola Tesla: Inventor, discovered alternating current (1856 - 1943)
94. Harry S. Truman: 33rd U.S. president, involved in the Korean War (1884 - 1972)
95. Joan of Arc: French military leader and saint (1412 - 1431)
96. Dante Alighieri: Italian poet, wrote the "Divine Comedy" (1265 - 1321)
97. Otto von Bismarck: 1st chancellor and unifier of modern Germany (1815 - 1898)
98. Grover Cleveland: 22nd and 24th U.S. president (1837 - 1908)
99. John Calvin: French Protestant theologian, founded Calvinism (1509 - 1564)
100. John Locke: English Enlightenment philosopher, theorized "tabula rasa" (1632 - 1704)
Read more in <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Whos-Bigger-Historical-Figures-Really/dp/1107041376/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1387297630&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=who%27s+bigger+where+historical+figures+really+rank">"Who's Bigger: Where Historical Figures Really Rank</a>."

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