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<ul><li>NavIC, the Indian GPS, to be launched soon and will work with the help of a constellation of seven satellites to provide accurate position information to users within the country. </li><li>The desi GPS is expected to work better because a larger number of satellites will be focusing on a smaller area. </li><li>The CAG Report states NavIC’s delays and money overruns . </li></ul>The Indian Regional <keyword id="48724" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Navigation">Navigation</keyword> Satellite System’s (IRNSS) project of an indigenous GPS, sanctioned by the Indian government in 2006, is finally near its completion. The <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/indias-desi-gps-navic-all-set-to-navigate-you/articleshow/64639096.cms">NavIC</a> (Navigation with Indian Constellation) is all set to be launched soon. The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has taken the lead in this project. The ‘desi’ <keyword id="60096" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Global-Positioning-System">Global Positioning System</keyword>, or the GPS as it is better known, is an attempt to challenge the GPS made by the West and also become self-reliant when it comes to tracking and mapping. <keyword id="3658" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="India">India</keyword> took up this project after the US government denied access to its GPS to track the positioning of Pakistani troops during the Kargil War in 1999. NavIC will work with the help of a constellation of seven satellites to provide accurate position information to users within the country. The satellites cover India and upto 1,500 kilometres of area from its borders. The NavIC will be helpful with terrestrial, aerial and marine navigation, vehicle tracking and fleet management, disaster management, mapping and geodetic data capture, visual and voice navigation for drivers. To access all these services, the NavlC needs to be embedded in chips and other devices that are compatible with mobiles and can be used in cars. While it sounds like a great option to generate money by going the ‘Make in India’ way, IT secretary, Ajay Prakash Sawhney, has said that the NavIC will be providing these services for the strategic interest of the country and not to earn revenues. The GPS we use in the country right now comes from the West and its accuracy, efficiency is often debatable and reliant on the network services in the country. The desi GPS is expected to work better because a larger number of satellites will be focusing on a smaller area. It is also expected to work better across weather conditions as it uses a dual frequency system and has a position accuracy of five metres as opposed to the foreign GPS technology that uses single frequency and has 20-30 metres of position accuracy. The project, when approved, was given a budget of ₹14.2 billion and was expected to be out by 2011. It is clear that the project has <a href="https://thewire.in/space/indias-gps-delayed-by-deadline-overruns-isros-administrative-laxity-cag">failed to meet deadlines</a>, but there’s a reason for it all. An audit done this March by Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), the authority that examines all receipts and expenditures of the Government of India and the state governments, explains the delay. The <a href="https://www.cag.gov.in/sites/default/files/audit_report_files/Chapter_7_Department_Of_Space_of_Report_No.2_of_2018_%E2%80%93_Compliance_Audit_on_Scientific_and_Environmental_MinistriesDepartments_Union_Government.pdf">CAG report</a> states that there has been a delay of anything between two to nine years in the completion of specific contracts given to ISRO for NavIC. Seven contracts were still pending till last May. Though ISRO can not be blamed for all the delays, most of them were because of inadequate follow-up, failed coordination or mere “administrative laxity”. Failed satellite launches and dysfunctional equipment like atomic and primary clocks has further added to NavlC’s delay. So far, ISRO has spent over ₹24 billion on NavIC - ₹12.8 billion from sanctioned budget, and a supplementary ₹11.6 billion to launch the seven satellites. There has been a lot of “unnecessary expenditure”, according to the CAG audit, which even includes the purchase of incompatible modems. The project had also been at odds with the government when it refused to carry out some responsibilities it took funds for, like setting up the user segment. However, despite these challenges, all that NavIC now awaits is the Request for Proposal (RPF) that has been called for so as it can begin with the implementation, launch and promotion. Once that is done, India will become one of the countries with their own positioning system like, Russia and USA, strengthening its social and technological position worldwide.

Move aside, India is all set to launch its desi GPS service and it might be more accurate

Nepal's policymakers are undergoing 13 days' offline and online training for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) in Beijing after China "especially invited" them to attend it, sources said. China has reserved several seats for policymakers of the mega Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) project at its Science Academy in Beijing. The programme started on September 4 and will end on September 20, sources said. "China has invited policymakers of Nepal to attend the training programme so that they can understand how these GPS and its application works in the field of education, research, science and other fields," they said. The move of China is seen as a counter to the US-based Global Positioning System (GPS) hegemony and push for its own indigenously developed navigation system in the region. China uses its homegrown navigation system BeiDou for both military and civilian purposes. BDS, stated to be rivalling GPS, is the fourth global satellite navigation system in the world. Other systems are Russia's GLONASS and the European Union's Galileo. India too is developing its own navigational system called the <keyword id="1493841" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Regional-Navigation-Satellite-System">Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System</keyword> (<keyword id="1596484" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="IRNSS">IRNSS</keyword>), with an operational name of NAVIC. Sources said that BDS' implementation will not only reduce the dependence of Chinese aircraft, vehicles and anti-missile systems on GPS and GLONASS, but it will enhance the People's Liberation Army's capabilities in conducting overseas operations. BeiDou started providing independent navigation services over China in 2000 and will serve many countries part of BRI. Currently, BeiDou covers nearly 30 countries including Pakistan, Egypt and Indonesia. China's BRI is one of the most ambitious infrastructure projects launched in 2013 by President Xi Jinping. It is aimed at furthering China's influence abroad with infrastructure projects funded by Chinese investments all over the world. The initiative also led to allegations of smaller countries reeling under mounting Chinese debt after Sri Lanka handed over its strategic Hambantota port in a debt swap to China in 2017 on a 99-year lease. According to the Chinese Foreign Ministry, China has inked 198 cooperation documents with 167 countries and international organisations under the BRI. China sees its trade expansion with the BRI countries as a way out to sustain its exports amid declining trend in the US and European Union, its top export destinations till now. (Sumit Kumar Singh can be reached at sumit.k@ians.in) --IANS sk/kr

China trains Nepal policymakers on BeiDou navigation system amid border tensions with India

<ul><li>India’s homegrown navigation system, NAVIC, is now in the same league as the US, Russia and China after being approved by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO).</li><li>Powered by a constellation of seven satellites, NAVIC is capable of scanning areas up to 1,500 kilometres beyond India’s own borders. </li><li>IMO’s approval comes two years after India initially applied. </li></ul>India’s own indigenous navigation system has hit a new milestone. The Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) is now in league with the US, China, and Russia as a recognised component of the World-Wide Radio Navigation System (WWRNS). After two years of waiting in line, approval was finally announced by the International Maritime Organisation (<a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/update/08-dec-2020/international-maritime-organisation-imo-recognition-irnss-navic">IMO</a>) during its 102nd session hosted virtually between November 4 to November 11. IMO is a specialised agency under the United Nations (UN). The Indian government has also <a href="https://cdac.in/index.aspx?id=tenders_viewpdf&amp;dynamicId=NjM5MjAwODc=">invited proposals</a> for the manufacturer of a million receiver chips that have GPS and NavIC. The aim is to only improve the overall signal availability of navigation systems, but also increase the use of its own desi-GSP. Not only is this a significant achievement for India but also for the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW), Directorate General of Shipping (DGS), and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). What is NavIC? The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), more popularly known as NavIC, is designed to provide accurate and timely positional information to assist with the navigation of ships. The initiative was launched after the US refused to give India crucial GPS information during the Kargil war in 1999. It is powered by a constellation of seven satellites, all of which are positioned around 36,000 kilometres from Earth. In comparison, Russia has 26 satellites powering its Global Navigation System (GLONASS). India’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has plans to expand to a total of 35 satellites to cover the world. Europe’s Galileo system, which began operations in 2016, has a constellation of 30 satellites powering its navigation. Who can use NavIC? The navigation system provides two kinds of services, the Standard Positioning Services (SPS) and Restricted Service (RS). SPS can be used for all navigation needs. RS, however, is an encrypted service only available to authorised users, like security agencies. What can NavIC be used for? NavIC can provide positional accuracy of better than 20 metres to help with things like marine navigation, which was its primary objective, as well as disaster management, vehicle tracking, navigation for hikers and travellers and voice navigation for drivers. Last year, it got approved by the global standards body 3GPP, which is responsible for coordinating global standards for cellphones. This opens up the system for commercial use by mobile manufacturers like Samsung, Apple and others. Qualcomm, one of the largest chipmakers in the world, has already manufactured NavIC-capable chipsets that are being used by RealMe and Xiaomi in their handsets. If applied across India, NavIC holds the potential to replace the US-owned Global Positioning System (GPS) in the Indian Ocean and can cover areas up to 1,500 kilometres beyond India’s geographical boundaries. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/careers/news/icertis-helps-google-microsoft-and-apple-manage-their-contracts-is-hiring-for-techies-and-people-in-sales/articleshow/79640659.cms">EXCLUSIVE: This Indian unicorn helping Google, Microsoft and Apple manage their contracts is hiring⁠— it needs techies as well as people in sales</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/what-is-pm-wani-public-wifi-platform-launched-by-union-cabinet/articleshow/79642267.cms">Government’s plan for public Wi-Fi lets anyone from the kirana store owner to tea shop stalls sign up to provide the internet</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/corporates/news/the-33-billion-itc-one-of-indias-most-trolled-stock-in-recent-weeks-seems-to-have-turned-a-corner/articleshow/79641456.cms">The $33 billion ITC, one of India’s most-trolled stock in recent weeks, seems to have turned a corner</a>

India’s desi-GPS is now in the same league as the US, Russia and China — can scan 1,500 kilometres beyond its own borders

India's satellite based navigation and augmentation services sector appears headed for a higher growth trajectory with the proposed ignition of a policy push towards effective development, operation and maintenance of such systems. The <keyword id="245720" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Department-of-Space">Department of Space</keyword> (DoS) plans to devise a "comprehensive and substantive" national policy for satellite based navigation -- the <keyword id="11766871" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="indian-satellite-navigation-policy-2021">Indian Satellite Navigation Policy - 2021</keyword> (SATNAV Policy - 2021). Its draft has now been hosted on the website of the <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (ISRO) for public consultation after which it would be placed before the <keyword id="6355512" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="union-cabinet">Union Cabinet</keyword> for final approval. It seeks to "Achieve self-reliance in satellite based navigation and augmentation services with emphasis on assuring availability &amp; quality, enhancing usage, working towards progressive evolution of the services and promoting research &amp; development". In the last few decades, there has been a phenomenal growth in the number of applications that rely on Position, Velocity and Time (PVT) services provided by space based navigation systems, it was noted. With the advent of information and mobile phone technology, crores of users across India rely heavily on PVT based applications in virtually every walk of life. <keyword id="6842771" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="global-navigation-satellite-systems">Global Navigation Satellite Systems</keyword> (GNSS) are space based navigation systems that provide navigation signals across the globe. Currently, there are four GNSS -- GPS from the USA; GLONASS from Russia; Galileo from European Union &amp; BeiDou from China -- offering PVT solution globally. In addition, there are two regional navigation satellite systems -- NavIC from India and QZSS from Japan offering navigation signals for the defined coverage area. The Navigation signals are offered free-to-air for a variety of applications ranging from air, space, maritime and land applications covering tracking, telematics, location based services (using cell phone and mobile devices), automotive, survey, mapping &amp; GIS and timing. GNSS also offer secured navigation signals exclusively for strategic applications of their respective countries as the free-to-air signals are susceptible to adversaries. There is a need for such secured services exclusively for the Indian strategic community also, according to the draft. The <keyword id="6377129" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="government-of-india">Government of India</keyword> has, therefore, established a resilient and independent system - Navigation with <keyword id="8829779" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="indian-constellation">Indian Constellation</keyword> (NavIC) which is totally under its control. Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) augment navigation satellite constellations by providing integrity and correction information via geostationary satellites. WAAS of USA, EGNOS of European Union, SDCM of Russia, SNAS/BDSSBAS of China offer these services in their defined coverage area. Government of India has also established a similar SBAS system -- GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation-(GAGAN) for the Indian airspace. "Space based navigation /augmentation system is essentially a public good which has to be accessible to all users", the DoS said. "Such a national infrastructure can only be provided by the Government". Further, to strengthen Government's 'Aatmanirbhar Bharat' initiative, it is essential to ensure continuity of NavIC and GAGAN services, upgrade the system considering the exponential technological advancements and also continue having the capability to operate in conjunction with other GNSS/SBAS, the draft said. So, it is pertinent to devise a comprehensive and substantive national policy for satellite based navigation. The objective of the policy is to ensure guaranteed and continuous availability of free-to-air navigation signals for civilian uses and secured navigation signals for strategic uses in the defined coverage area. Another goal is to ensure guaranteed and continuous availability of SBAS for aviation safety in the defined coverage area. There is also a need to work towards progressive evolution of navigation signals and expansion of coverage for enhanced use. Focus would also be on technology development for enhancing the navigation satellite systems, and working towards compatibility and interoperability of Indian satellite navigation and augmentation signals with other GNSS/SBAS signals. Another aim is to promote Indian industry and academia to carry out research and development activities in the field of satellite navigation based applications with emphasis on societal benefits. There is also a need to work towards facilitating global usage of Indian satellite navigation and augmentation systems, the DoS said in the draft. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/covid-19-cases-in-kerala-are-spiking-due-to-good-detection-better-reporting-and-early-easing-of-restrictions/articleshow/84942657.cms">COVID-19 cases in Kerala are spiking due to good detection, better reporting and early easing of restrictions</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/environment/news/from-the-us-to-western-europe-to-new-zealand-natural-disasters-which-wreaked-havoc-in-the-last-6-months/slidelist/84940351.cms">From the US to Western Europe to New Zealand — natural disasters which wreaked havoc in the last 6 months</a>

Policy ignition: India's satellite navigation sector set for higher growth trajectory

Come next year, you won’t have to rely on heavily accented lady for directions on <keyword id="97416" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Google-maps">Google Maps</keyword>. Instead India will be having its own GPS system. 'NavIC' will be operational early 2018. "The Indian Regional Navigation <keyword id="6358065" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Satellite">Satellite</keyword> System (IRNSS) with an operational name of NavIC is currently being tested for its accuracy and is most likely to be available in the market for public use early next year," Tapan <keyword id="121202" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Misra">Misra</keyword>, the director of Ahmedabad-based Space Application Centre (SAC) told TOI. NavIC or 'Navigation with Indian Constellation' the name given by PM <keyword id="6354477" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Narendra-Modi">Narendra Modi</keyword> after the launch of IRNSS-1G, is designed to provide accurate position information to users within the country. “Though American GPS with 24 satellites in a constellation has wider reach and covers the entire world, NavIC with seven satellites covers only India and its surroundings but is more accurate than the American system. NavIC will provide standard positioning service to all users with a position accuracy of 5 metre. The GPS, on the other hand, has a position accuracy of 20-30 metre," the SAC director TOI. The less the distance more is the accuracy of the navigation device in finding the real location.

India to have its own GPS system from 2018

New Delhi, Feb 25 () Chinese tech major Xiaomi on Tuesday said it will bring ISRO's Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System, NavIC technology to its smartphones. The capability has been currently enabled by Qualcomm Technologies Inc on several of their Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile Platforms and will be made available across multiple Xiaomi smartphones in India, a statement said. NavIC-- Navigation with Indian Constellation -- is the regional geo-positioning system designed in India by ISRO to provide accurate positioning in India and around the Indian mainland. It is considered to be at par with US-based GPS, Russia's Glonass and Galileo developed by Europe. "In 2020, several Xiaomi smartphones across multiple price points will support NavIC, initially supported by some Snapdragon chipsets," the statement said.The implementation was possible after R&amp;D efforts from Xiaomi for software along with ISRO and Qualcomm's efforts, it added. "Xiaomi has taken this step to further extend its commitment to Make in India, by bringing in technology developed in India within its smartphones," it said. NavIC is designed to provide accurate positioning in India and 1,500km around the Indian mainland. The system comprises 7 satellites, 3 of which are in geostationary orbit over the Indian Ocean and 4 in geosynchronous orbit. NavIC is capable of providing location positioning accuracy better than 20 metres. Some of the key consumer applications of NavIC for mobile include precise location mapping in remote, difficult to access areas, precise timing, along with visual and voice navigation for drivers among others, Xiaomi said. "We are extremely proud of the sophisticated geo-positioning tech which ISRO has devised, and even more proud to integrate it into several Xiaomi devices. We also thank our partner Qualcomm Technologies for enabling support in their chipsets as we bring it first to the Redmi smartphone this year," Manu Jain, Global Vice President, Xiaomi and Managing Director, Xiaomi India said. SR ANU

Xiaomi to bring ISRO's NavIC technology to smartphone line-up

The Indian Space Research Organisation and Chinese mobile manufacturer Xiaomi are in advanced stage of talks on provision of chipsets that can support NaVIC, the Indian version of Global Positioning System (GPS), an official said here on Wednesday. The NavIC-friendly chipset, being manufactured by the US chip manufacturer Qualcom, is designed to provide accurate position information service to users in India as well as the region extending up to 1500 km from its boundary, which is its primary service area, the <keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword> has stated earlier. "Qualcom has announced that its chip is going to have NaVIC and they are releasing it. Now almost Xiaomi is in agreement to have it. Xiaomi may launch its mobile phones with NavIC chipsets," the ISRO official said. NavIC is the abbreviation of Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS). According to the ISRO, the IRNSS was developed for terrestrial, aerial and marine navigation, disaster management, vehicle tracking and fleet management and integration with mobile phones. It would provide Standard positioning Service (SPS) to all users and Restricted Service (RS), which is an encrypted service for only authorised users. The IRNSS is expected to provide a position accuracy of better than 20 metre in the primary service area. The ISRO official said the international body 3GPP has formally approved usage of NavIC, allowing the ISRO to collaborate with Qualcom. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/chandrayaan-3-and-gaganyaan-top-priorities-for-isro-in-2020/articleshow/73063629.cms?src=hp_nav">India's second mission to land on the Moon, Chandrayaan 3, confirmed by ISRO chief</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/the-moon-is-shining-brighter-than-the-sun-and-that-is-dangerous/articleshow/70737236.cms">The Moon is shining brighter than the Sun — and that is dangerous</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/supermassive-black-hole-is-eating-meals-worth-four-moons-thrice-a-day/articleshow/71090624.cms">Supermassive black hole is eating meals worth four Moons thrice a day</a>

ISRO in talks with Xiaomi to create an Indian version of GPS

The US Congress has consented to designate India's <keyword id="3341273" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="navic">NAVIC</keyword> as its “allied” navigational satellite system along with the <keyword id="83947" type="CITY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Galileo">Galileo</keyword> of the European Union and <keyword id="8433478" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="qzss">QZSS</keyword> of Japan. Approved as part of the conference report of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) 2020, it designates Russia's GLONASS and Chinese Beidou as a “non-allied system”. It means that the US satellite navigation system will not co-operate or exchange data with these two satellite navigation systems. Indigenously developed, NAVIC is an autonomous regional satellite navigation system that provides accurate real-time positioning and timing services. As per the NDAA 2020, approved by a bicameral conference report, the NAVIC system of India would be treated as “allied system” at par with the Galileo system of the European Union and QZSS of Japan upon designation by the US defense secretary in consultation with the director of national intelligence. The conference report now needs formal approval by the House and the Senate before it can be sent to the White House for the President to sign into law. The designation of India's NAVIC as an “allied system” is part of the American effort to develop a prototype program for multi-global navigation satellite system receiver development. As per NDAA 2020, the Air Force secretary shall carry out a program to prototype an M-code based, multi-global navigation satellite system receiver. The receiver, it says, would be capable of receiving covered signals to increase the resilience and capability of military position, navigation, and timing equipment against threats to the Global Positioning System. Such a system would deter the likelihood of attack on the worldwide Global Positioning System by reducing the benefits of such an attack.

India's NAVIC satellites approved to join US 'allied' system

<ul><li>India’s apex space agency announced on January 17 that it will be launching a border surveillance satellite.</li><li>The announcement comes six months after China and Pakistan launched the a satellite that will be able to monitor the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The CPEC runs through disputed land that both, India and Pakistan, claim belongs to them. </li><li>India’s satellite will be able to send high-resolution imagery from its borders to help the border guarding forces communicate more efficiently.</li></ul>India’s discomfort of the friendship brewing between Pakistan and China was evident as it announced plans to launch border surveillance satellites. The <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword>’s (<keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>) announcement to launch a satellite that will pick up high-resolution imagery of its neighboring borders comes just six months after Pakistan launched its own remote sensing satellite. The Pakistan Remote Sensing Satellite-1 (PRSS-1), which was bought from China, will be able to monitor the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) — a part of which runs through Gilgit-Baltistan in Azad Kashmir or Pakistan-occupied-Kashmir (PoK). And, PoK is <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/india-expresses-strong-opposition-to-china-pakistan-economic-corridor-says-challenges-indian-sovereignty/articleshow/57664537.cms">disputed</a> land. India claims that its been under Pakistan’s illegitimate control since 1947. While the <keyword id="397800" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-satellite">Indian satellite</keyword> will be launched ‘exclusively’ for country’s Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), meaning only the ministry will have access to its data. However, its implementation will be a coordinated effort between ISRO and India’s Ministry of Defence. The border security satellites aren’t only to fend against Pakistan, but China as well, with Aksai Chin — disputed territory between India and China — also lying along the country’s northern border. The images from the satellite will help the Border Guarding Forces (BGF) communicate more efficiently and give them a clearer picture of on-ground activity through high-resolution imagery. The task force report on ‘Space Technology in Border Management’ was approved by the Union Home Minister, Rajnath Singh, on January 17. It highlights the short-term, mid-term and long-term plans for how India’s satellite technology will be implemented. ‘Space Technology in Border Management’ In the short run, the aim is to help the Border Guarding Forces (BGF). But, as things progress, the aim is to use the images to help the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) as well. Essentially, the government wants to create a ‘Central Archival Facility’ that will allow the Home Ministry to share images resources will other agencies as well. It will also link into the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) to provide navigation facilities. Once all of this is set up in the long run, it’s not only the difficult border areas that will be monitored but Naxal areas as well — also known as India’s ‘Red Corridor’ where there is an ongoing conflict between Maoist groups and the Indian government. In terms of space technology, India is bounds ahead of Pakistan having launched 104 satellites. But China has reportedly launched 250 satellites and most recently, successfully landed on the far-side of the moon.

India responds to China-Pakistan satellite launch with its own border surveillance satellites

<a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Indian+Space+Research+Organization+%28ISRO%29+">Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)</a> has given us many reasons to celebrate in the past, and it is back once again with good news. The space agency is going to help the US, which is self-sufficient in <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=space+technology">space technology</a>, launch its satellite from India’s launch pad at <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Sriharikota">Sriharikota</a>. The US is the 20th country seeking India’s help for launching its satellite; <keyword id="6358064" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="ISRO">ISRO</keyword> scientists have earlier launched 45 satellites for 19 countries. 
 
However, what really makes this news special is that India’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle will push the US satellite into the orbit. Besides this, other three major ISRO accomplishments this year had been: 
 
1) 100 days of Mangalyaan: Remember <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Mangalyaan">Mangalyaan</a>? It entered the Red Planet’s orbit on September 24, 2014 after a 666-million-km journey from Earth in over 10 months, and made India the first country to taste success in its maiden <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Mars+mission">Mars mission</a>. The satellite sent to Mars was none other than Mangalyaan, which successfully completed 100 days on January 1, 2015. It is still in the pink of its health and is busy collecting scientific data. 
 
 
 
2) Launch of India's 4th navigational satellite: ISRO successfully launched a <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=navigation+satellite+">navigation satellite</a> using the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) from Sriharikota on March 28, 2015. It will help the country to have its own version of the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=Global+Positioning+System">Global Positioning System</a> (<keyword id="6362652" type="TECHNOLOGY" weightage="100" keywordseo="GPS">GPS</keyword>), useful in everyday life for navigation. Having an accuracy of less than 20 meters, this system is comparable to the best in the world. 
 
 
 
3) ISRO launches five British satellites: On July 11, 2015, Indian scientists successfully launched five British satellites into the orbit from Sriharikota. Britain not only rented premium space from ISRO but also hired a rocket for the first time. The total weight of the <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=British+satellites+">British satellites</a> is 1,440 kg, making this the heaviest commercial launch ever to be undertaken by India. 
 
 
 
The Indian space agency is now busy preparing for the launch of GSLV-Mark-II, probably around August 27. According to an official, the 2.1-tonne capacity GSLV-Mark-II would carry a <a href="http://www.businessinsider.in/searchresult.cms?query=communication+">communication</a> satellite. It would also launch seven other satellites by March 2016. And if all goes well, the Indian space agency might start its mission to Venus by end of this year. 
 
(Image: ISRO)

3 ISRO achievements that made Indians proud!

The GPS-aided Geo Augmented Navigation (<keyword id="57660" type="PERSON" weightage="80" keywordseo="Gagan">GAGAN</keyword>) system was launched on Monday by <keyword id="13124" type="POSITION" weightage="60" keywordseo="Civil-Aviation-Minister">Civil Aviation Minister</keyword> <keyword id="2128920" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="80" keywordseo="Ashok-Gajapathi-Raju">Ashok Gajapathi Raju</keyword>. The system would make airline operations more efficient and reduce costs, reported PTI. 

	GAGAN is a satellite-based navigation system which provides autonomous, high precision geo-spatial location information of the user in terms of latitude, longitude and height along with velocity and time. 
 The system was jointly developed by the <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (ISRO) and the <keyword id="54875" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="80" keywordseo="Airports-Authority-of-India">Airports Authority of India</keyword> (AAI) at the cost of Rs 774 crore. 

	GAGAN will offer seamless navigation to the aviation industry. 
 

	The benefits of the system include improved efficiency, direct routes, increased fuel savings, approach with vertical guidance at runways, significant cost savings due to withdrawal of ground aids and reduced workload of flight crew and Air Traffic Controllers.
 

	GAGAN will offer augmentation service for GPS over the country, Bay of Bengal, South East Asia and Middle East expanding up to Africa. 
	 
	(Image: Indiatimes)

Satellite-based navigation system GAGAN launched

New Delhi, Jan 21 () US-based Qualcomm on Tuesday said 4G will continue to be relevant over the next few years and unveiled a new lineup of mobile chipsets for 4G smartphones in the country.
The Qualcomm Snapdragon 720G, 662 and 460 promise to offer enhanced user experiences across connectivity, gaming and entertainment. 
"While we see a fast adoption of 5G across geographies globally, we do recognise the phenomenal boost that 4G has given towards enabling broadband connectivity for Indian consumers. 4G will stay relevant for quite sometime," Rajen Vagadia, vice-president and president, Qualcomm India, said.
He added that for regions like India, 4G will stay a key technology for connectivity.
"Our goal is to enable our partners to continue creating solutions that offer seamless connectivity access and exceptional mobile experiences," he said.
Asked about 5G, Vagadia said smartphones powered by the latest technology should make their way into the Indian market in the first half of this year. 
While these smartphones are expected to be available in the mid and premium range, they would become more affordable as they get more affordable, he said adding that roll out of 5G networks would also be an important factor. 
The new chipsets unveiled on Tuesday - which will be deployed by handset makers on smartphones across various price points - are designed to enable fast 4G connectivity speeds, deliver key Wi-Fi 6 features and integrated Bluetooth 5.1 with advanced audio via the Qualcomm FastConnect 6-series subsystems and support Dual-Frequency (L1 and L5) GNSS to improve location positioning accuracy and robustness.
These are also the first system-on-chip solutions to support Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC).
Developed by Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), NavIC is the Indian version of GPS. Apart from popular GPS, there are other satellite navigation systems like GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou. 
Chinese smartphone brands Xiaomi and Realme said they will soon launch devices with NavIC support, based on these new Snapdragon chipsets.
 "The availability of NavIC across multiple mobile platforms will help enhance the geolocation capabilities of smartphones in the region and bring the benefits of this indigenous solution to Indian consumers for their day-to-day use," ISRO Chairman K Sivan said. SR MR

4G will continue to remain relevant for quite sometime: Qualcomm

<ul class="summary-list"><li>About 46,000 flights reported navigation problems flying over the Baltics during an eight-month period, The Sun reported.</li><li>The tabloid reported that many were likely to have been Russian jamming and spoofing attacks.</li></ul>Thousands of planes may have run into issues with jammed GPS signals, according to a report by British tabloid <a target="_blank" href="https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/27456029/russia-hack-british-flights-air-safety-threat/">The Sun</a> which suggests that Russia may be to blame.Planes reported about 46,000 instances of problems with their satellite navigation over the Baltics between August 2023 and the end of March 2024, The Sun reported, using flight-log data from GPSJAM.org. Many of these were likely to have been jamming and spoofing attacks, The Sun reported.Jamming is an intentional radio frequency interference with global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) that prevents planes from accessing satellite signals and makes the GNSS system "ineffective or degraded," the European Union Aviation Safety Agency says.Spoofing, on the other hand, occurs when false satellite signals are sent to "deceive" GNSS receivers and cause them to compute incorrect position, navigation, and timing data, the EASA says. The Sun reported that in some cases planes swerved around objects that weren't actually there.Both The Sun and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2024/apr/22/thousands-of-flights-to-and-from-europe-affected-by-suspected-russian-jamming">The Guardian</a> reported that Russia is suspected of being involved in GPS jamming attacks.According to The Sun, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Türkiye, and Cyprus are all at high risk of the attacks.Between August 2023 and the end of March 2024, more than 2,300 Ryanair flights and more than 1,350 flights by Hungarian budget carrier Wizz Air reported satnav problems in the Baltic region, per The Sun. The frequency of instances of navigation problems rocketed from fewer than 50 a week last year to more than 350 a week last month, The Sun reported.In March, a Royal Air Force plane that UK Defense Secretary Grant Shapps was flying on from Poland to the UK "temporarily experienced GPS jamming" when it flew close to Kaliningrad, a Russian exclave in the Baltics, a spokesperson for British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak <a target="_blank" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2024/mar/14/russia-suspected-of-jamming-gps-signal-on-aircraft-carrying-grant-shapps">said</a>.There's been a "sharp rise" in attacks on GNSSs, Luc Tytgat, the acting executive director of the EASA, <a target="_blank" href="https://www.easa.europa.eu/en/newsroom-and-events/press-releases/easa-partners-iata-counter-aviation-safety-threat-gnss-spoofing">said</a> in January. The EASA noted that the uptick in jamming and spoofing incidents had "increasingly threatened the integrity" of positioning, navigation, and timing services across Eastern Europe and the Middle East.In a safety information bulletin in November, the EASA noted that the rise in jamming and spoofing had started in February 2022, the month that Russia invaded Ukraine."This issue particularly affects the geographical areas surrounding conflict zones" but is also experienced in parts of the Mediterranean, the Black Sea, the Baltic Sea, and the Arctic area, the EASA said. In the Baltic Sea area, jamming and spoofing affected flight information regions surrounding Kaliningrad, it said.But the CAA told Business Insider that GPS was just one part of the navigation system used by aircraft. It added that jamming and spoofing near conflict zones were primarily by-products of military activity, not deliberate actions."GPS jamming does not directly impact the navigation of an aircraft and while it is a known issue, this does not mean an aircraft has been jammed deliberately," Glenn Bradley, head of flight operations at the UK Civil Aviation Authority, told BI in a statement.Wizz Air declined to comment. A Ryanair spokesperson told BI that "all airlines" had been affected by a rise in intermittent GPS interference in recent years. Ryanair's aircraft have multiple systems to identify their location, and if one didn't function, the crew would switch to another, they said.

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