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During the <keyword id="188" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="diwali" source="Orion">Diwali</keyword> festival on October 25, there will be a partial solar eclipse which will be visible from the city as well as from most parts of the country, astrophysicist Debi Prasad Duari said. The eastern metropolis, however, will be able to witness the partial solar eclipse, the second in 2022, for a very small duration, the celestial phenomenon will be better observed in the northern and western regions of the country, he said. The eclipse will not be observed from northeastern <keyword id="3658" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="india" source="Orion">India</keyword> as the celestial phenomenon will be occurring after sunset in those regions, Duari said. Apart from India, the October 25 partial cosmic affair will be visible from most parts of Europe, northern Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Asia, Duari elaborated. "The partial solar eclipse will begin in Iceland at around 14:29 hours IST and will be seen at its maximum from Russia at 16:30 hours (IST). It will end at around 18:32 hours (IST) over the Arabian Sea," he told PTI while sharing information on the celestial event. "The eastern part of the country will see the partial eclipse only marginally, that also during the sunset. The northern and western parts of the country are better locations to observe the partial eclipse with a better view and for a longer period of time." "During the new <keyword id="42440" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="moon" source="Orion">moon</keyword> (Amavasya) the <keyword id="24879" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="sun" source="Orion">Sun</keyword>, Moon and Earth almost come in a linear configuration, whereby from earth we can see the moon without any sunlight falling on it. But at times, as on October 25, the Sun, Moon and Earth will almost be on the same plane resulting in the moon appearing to cover the Sun partially for a period of time causing a partial Solar Eclipse," he explained. In and around the metropolis, the partial eclipse will begin at around 16:52 hours, the maximum occurring at 17:01 hours, and will cease to be seen at 17:03 hours at the sunset, Duari said. "Even at the maximum eclipse, only 4 per cent of the lighted disc of the setting Sun will be covered by the Moon," he said. In the north Bengal town of Siliguri, the celestial phenomenon will be occurring between 16:41 and 16:59 hours and during the maximum eclipse (at around 16:56 hours) about 8.91 per cent of the Sun will be covered by the Moon's disc, Duari stated. "In New Delhi, it will commence at around 16:29 hours and end with the sunset at 18:09 hours with the maximum eclipse to occur at 17:42 hours when the Sun will be obscured by the Moon by an amount of only 24.5 per cent," Duari said. Jaisalmer in Rajasthan will experience the eclipse from 16:26 hours to 18:09 hours with the maximum at around 17:30 hours. when the disc of the Sun will be obscured by 42.5 per cent. "In Mumbai, the eclipse will begin at 16:49 hours with the maximum occurring at around 17:42 hours. It will end at 18:09 hours when the Sun appears to go down the Arabian Sea at sunset. Here, the Sun's disc will be covered by about 24.5 per cent," he added. In southern and central India, the eclipse will be again observed just before sunset with Nagpur experiencing the eclipse from 16:49 to 17:42 hours. In Bengaluru, the eclipse will begin at 17:12 hours, reaching its maximum at 17:49 hours and ending at 17:55 hours during sunset. Chennai will have the eclipse from 17:14 to 17:44 hours, the astrophysicist said. The next major solar eclipse to be visible from India will be an annular eclipse on May 21, 2031, when the annularity can be observed from a narrow patch of land in south India, he said. Three years later, on March 20, 2034, the next total solar eclipse will be visible from India and the totality will be observed from the northernmost part of Kashmir. On both occasions, the whole country will observe a partial eclipse of varying magnitude depending upon its geographical location, Duari said. Another partial eclipse can be seen from the northern part of India on June 1, 2030. Referring to the harm caused to the eyes by Sun's rays during an eclipse, Duari cautioned the sky enthusiasts to take "extreme precaution" while observing it. "Even if the degree of the partial eclipse is not appreciable in most of the country, extreme precaution has to be taken by everybody who wants to observe this cosmic event. The Sun's rays can be very harmful to the eyes and can become critical," he said. SEE ALSO: <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/heavy-rain-warning-yellow-alert-in-karnataka-schools-shut-in-up/slidelist/94782407.cms">Heavy rain warning: Yellow alert in Karnataka — schools shut in UP</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/sustainability/article/we-need-to-hasten-progress-towards-un-sustainable-development-goals-by-five-times-to-make-up-for-lost-ground-goalkeepers-report/articleshow/94782035.cms">We need to hasten progress towards UN Sustainable Development Goals by five times to make up for lost ground: Goalkeepers report</a>

Partial solar eclipse on October 25 will be visible from most parts of India

<ul class="summary-list"><li><a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/watch-india-attempt-first-ever-moon-landing-2023-8" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">India landed the first spacecraft near the moon's south pole</a>, after it and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-space-program-in-decline-china-leaping-forward-us-intel-2023-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Russia</a> both crashed there on prior missions.</li><li>Landing on <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-helping-private-companies-build-business-moon-make-lunar-billions-2023-6">the moon</a>, Mars, or any other space object, is one of the most complex parts of spaceflight.</li></ul>India landed a small robot near <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/moon-missions-why-astronauts-have-not-returned-2018-7">the moon's</a> south pole on August 23, becoming the first nation to touch down at the strategic spot and the fourth nation to ever land on the moon.The feat comes just days after Russia crash-landed there, and four years after <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-india-israel-failed-moon-landings-failed-final-descent-2019-9">India's first attempt crashed</a> into the lunar south pole region."Spaceflight is hard, and <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-releases-mars-landing-video-perseverance-rover-2021-2">landing on another planetary surface</a> is among the hardest things that we do in spaceflight. So it's the hardest of the hard," Robert Braun, head of space exploration at Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, told Insider.Braun has worked on landing and descent teams for multiple <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/mars-landing-nasa-perseverance-rover-touches-down-in-jezero-crater-2021-2">NASA missions to Mars</a>, including the Mars Polar Lander, which lost communication during its descent and was presumed crashed."It's not that people didn't try. It's not that people didn't do their all. It's not that they weren't supported. They probably were," he added.There are countless tiny reasons a landing might fail, but in these cases, it boils down to a simple reality: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-launches-mission-beat-us-india-moon-south-pole-rover-2023-8">Russia and India</a> were trying to do something incredibly difficult, for the first time, in a place nobody has done it before.India's success, especially in light of the much <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-asia-india-66576580">better-funded</a> Russia's failure, is a huge triumph.<h2>Why Russia was shooting for the moon</h2><div type="image" title="rocket launching into cloudy blue skies" height="1500" width="1999" msid="102993123" hostid="261"></div>A lot was riding on the Russian mission, called Luna-25. It was Russia's first attempt to land on the moon in decades, since the Soviet Union fell.It was the country's first bid at the lunar south pole, which is especially valuable space real estate because of its frozen-water reserves. Moon-minded nations are eyeing those reserves, because the water can be broken down into oxygen and hydrogen. That can serve as fuel to launch <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/buzz-aldrin-moon-should-be-launch-pad-for-mars-2018-6">rockets from the moon toward Mars</a>, without the gravity burden of an Earth-based launch.Both the US and China also hope to land near the lunar south pole before the end of the decade.If it had succeeded, Luna-25 was also poised to prove that Russia doesn't need Europe or the US to become a major power in deep space. The European Space Agency was previously a collaborator on the mission, but backed out after <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/invasion-of-ukraine-was-putin-intelligence-fiasco-spy-expert-says-2023-8">Russia invaded Ukraine</a> last year.<h2>Landing on the moon for the first time is extra hard</h2><div type="image" title="man sitting in front of microphones holds up gold models of a lunar orbiter and a lander as if play flying them" height="1500" width="2397" msid="102993125" hostid="261"></div>India had never landed on the moon before. The Soviet Union completed its last lunar landing in 1976. That was Luna-24.So Luna-25 is "almost like a first" for Russia, Braun said. Because it's been so long, it's likely that most of the people involved have never participated in a moon mission before.<div type="image" title="surface of moon grey rocky cratered" height="1552" width="2070" msid="102993127" hostid="261"></div>With no prior experience, they must build and program the lander system to push itself out of orbit, point itself in the right direction, and map and assess the ground below as it plummets toward the surface, while continuously re-orienting itself to find a safe spot.Once it's very close to the surface, a lander must slow down and, often, spin around and deploy its legs. Then, once it makes contact with the surface, the system has to be strong enough to withstand the shock."So many of these things are proven out via simulation," Braun said. "It's very hard to make a high-fidelity or an accurate simulation of something you've not experienced."During landing, time is compressed, so every little bit flip, calculation, and robotic movement must happen exactly on time, in the correct order. Any error, any flaw in the hardware or software, could cause a crash.<h2>The moon's dust, rocks, and uneven terrain can interfere</h2><div type="image" title="moon footprint" height="768" width="1024" msid="102993129" hostid="261"></div>The very end of a landing is the hardest part, because the spacecraft starts to interact with the moon's surface, Braun <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/why-india-israel-failed-moon-landings-failed-final-descent-2019-9">previously told Insider</a>.If a lander's leg hits a boulder, it could tip over and that would be the end of the mission. Lunar dust can even cloud up the instruments and tip the scales toward failure.<h2>The lunar south pole is uniquely hazardous</h2>The very thing that makes the moon's south pole so desirable — the permanently shadowed regions that harbor water ice — also makes it more difficult to land on.<div type="image" title="men in white clothing hold hands up in prayer sitting cross legged in front of cutouts of a white rocket" height="1500" width="2250" msid="102993131" hostid="261"></div>Descent vehicles and landers often use cameras to assess the ground below them in real-time in those final minutes, as they approach the lunar surface. Visibility helps identify boulders and craters they should avoid so they don't tip over.Near the south pole, "they're probably flying through some pretty long shadows, even if they don't land in a shadowed region," Braun said.That doesn't seem to have played a factor in the south-pole attempts so far, but the shadows could menace future moon missions.Also, before India landed there, no nation had ever been to the moon's south pole region. Compared to the equator region, where the Apollo missions landed, it's uncharted territory."Having been a part of both successes and failures at Mars, I learned way more from the failures than from the successes," Braun said. "You pick yourself up, you dust yourself off, you think hard about everything you did right and whatever it is that you and the team did wrong, and you make improvements, and you do better."Correction: August 28, 2023 — An earlier version of this article misstated Robert Braun's title. He is head of space exploration at Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, not head of a Space Exploration Center there.Editor's note September 1, 2023: This article has been updated to clarify that India's spacecraft landed in the lunar south pole region, not on the point of the lunar south pole.This story has been updated. It was originally published on August 23, 2023.

Why Russia and India both crashed near the moon's south pole before India nailed the first soft landing there

On the evening of November 8, as the <keyword id="6359982" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="earth" source="Orion">Earth</keyword>'s shadow envelopes its sole satellite for nearly one-and-half hours, the world will witness a thrilling and chilling spectacle of a '<keyword id="2198098" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="blood-moon" source="Orion">Blood Moon</keyword>' <keyword id="90051" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="lunar-eclipse" source="Orion">lunar eclipse</keyword>, a prominent astronomer said here on Monday. Coming exactly 14 days (two Tuesdays) after the October 25 partial solar eclipse -- the lunar eclipse will be seen in totality in the northeastern states, but shall be only partially visible in the rest of <keyword id="3658" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="india" source="Orion">India</keyword> in the evening as the <keyword id="24879" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="sun" source="Orion">sun</keyword> sets, said Prof. Bharat Adur, Director, Akash Ganga Centre for Astronomy (AGCA) here. "Tomorrow, the Earth's looming shadow will cover the <keyword id="42440" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="moon" source="Orion">Moon</keyword> and during this period it will appear a dark reddish colour, almost like a large drop of blood balanced in the sky... This phenomenon is called a 'Blood Moon' and it's an exciting spectacle," said Prof. Adur. He urged the people to view it wherever possible, as this will be the last total lunar eclipse, and the next one (total lunar eclipse) due only after three years on September 7, 2025. The Earth will come between the Sun and Moon and the blue planet's monstrous shadow -- from a staggering distance of 3.93 lakh kms -- will shroud its small natural satellite, partially or fully, depending on the angle of alignment from where it is viewed, Prof. Adur explained. The Sun is around 109 times bigger than Earth and over 148-million kms away, while the Earth is nearly four times larger than the Moon, with an average distance of 3,85 lakh kms separating them. "In a total lunar eclipse, the Moon is entirely blanketed by the Earth's darkest shadow, called the 'umbra', and at this time, the Moon appears a dark-reddish colour, or what is called the 'Blood Moon' phenomenon," Prof. Adur said. In scientific terms, it's called the 'Rayleigh Scattering' as during a lunar eclipse the only sunlight that reaches the Moon passes through the Earth's atmosphere, thus turning the Moon an apparent reddish colour. This is the second celestial event since the last partial Solar Eclipse (October 25), and can be witnessed by people in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, parts of Asia, Russia, North and South Americas, Australia, North Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean regions. Despite the scary myths or deep religious aspects associated with any eclipse (solar/lunar), Prof. Adur assured that there is absolutely no harm in viewing the unusual 'Blood Moon' on Tuesday with naked eyes or with binoculars which will enhance the reddish colour. The northeastern parts of India like Kohima, Agartala, Guwahati and other regions in the world will witness it in totality on Tuesday, the final eclipse of 2022. As the Moon will be below the horizon during the eclipse hours, most other parts of India will miss the exciting starting phases of both the partial and total eclipse, he said. Kolkata, New Delhi, Chennai along with Mumbai, can witness only the partial phase, and in the country's commercial capital barely 14 per cent of the Moon's obscuration can be viewed at 18.03 hours in the setting sun. However, the Moon will be seen 60 per cent covered in Nagpur, 66 per cent in Srinagar and in varying degrees in other cities, said Prof. Adur. In case people miss the 'Blood Moon' on Tuesday, they can wait for October 28, 2023, when there will be another partial lunar eclipse that will be visible in some parts of the country, Prof. Adur smiled. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/meta-expected-to-announce-massive-layoffs-this-week-that-could-impact-thousand-as-tech-bloodbath-continues-wsj/articleshow/95343558.cms">Meta expected to announce massive layoffs this week that could impact thousand as tech bloodbath continues: WSJ</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/twitter-backtracks-elon-musks-platform-will-delay-its-paid-blue-check-verification-plan-until-after-midterms-nyt/articleshow/95343175.cms">Twitter backtracks: Elon Musk's platform will delay its paid blue check verification plan until after midterms: NYT</a>

World to witness 'Blood Moon' spectacle in the sky on November 8

New Delhi [India], November 8 (ANI): Today is the day when the world will witness the last total <keyword id="90051" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="lunar-eclipse" source="Orion">lunar eclipse</keyword> of this year. At full moon, when the moon is close to a node, total lunar eclipses take place because the earth blocks the sun's rays from reaching the moon. Almost a year after the last total lunar eclipse, the sight of the moon sliding into the shadows of the Earth returns and graces the sky. Viewers in North America, Central America, most of South America, the Pacific Ocean, Australia, New Zealand, and Asia will see the Moon darken and acquire a reddish in the wee hours of Tuesday, November 8. When and how to watch lunar eclipse The Moon traverses the northern half of Earth's shadow, with totality predicted to last 86 minutes. Mid-eclipse happens on November 8th at 10:59 Universal Time (UT), around six days before apogee, when the Moon is farthest from Earth in its orbit. As a result, during the eclipse, the Moon will appear 7 per cent smaller than it does when it's at perigee (closest to Earth), but the difference is imperceptible. The eclipse on Tuesday will be a bit brighter than the one that occurred in May -- especially in the Moon's northern half -- since the Moon doesn't glide as close to the dark center of Earth's shadow. There are several delightful extras viewers can look out for while admiring the eclipse. During totality, Earth's shadow dims the Moon sufficiently for stars to be visible right up to its edge. In addition, Uranus reaches opposition just a day after the eclipse, when it's directly opposite the Earth from the Sun and at its closest and brightest. And on eclipse night the distant planet will be upper left of the red-hued Moon -- binoculars will reveal the planet's pale disk. The farther west you are, the smaller the gap between planet and Moon. Also, the Northern and Southern Taurid meteor showers peak around this time, so eclipse-watchers might be treated to a few meteors streaking across the night sky. All stages of the eclipse occur simultaneously for everyone, but not everyone will see the full eclipse. Weather permitting, observers in western North America will witness the entirety of the event on the morning of November 8, with the partial eclipse phase beginning an hour or so after midnight. In Hawai'i, the totally eclipsed Moon will be directly overhead. Viewers in the central parts of the continent will see all of totality and most of the final partial phases, while those on the East Coast can watch the Sun rise as totality ends. South America will witness the initial phases of the eclipse up to totality, while Central America can enjoy the show a bit longer and see it through the total phase. The eclipse is an early evening event in central and eastern Asia, Australia, and New Zealand, and the Moon rises either during the earlier partial phases or during totality. The actual clock times of the eclipse depend on your time zone. Do's and Don'ts of Lunar Eclipse" Dos Until there is a lunar eclipse, tulsi leaves must be added to food products. Pray for the moon to be released from Rahu's control soon. Before and after the eclipse, take a holy bath to purify your body and spirit. Don'ts During a lunar eclipse, it is typically advised to stay inside and refrain from beginning any new projects or activities. Pregnant women are strictly forbidden from going outside during a lunar eclipse, cutting or sewing any fabric, carrying sharp tools like scissors or blades, or using knives, among other activities that could harm the unborn child. As per belief, people avoid consuming food. Avoid watching the eclipse with your naked eyes The events that happen during a total lunar eclipse are more complex and interesting than many people realize. The Moon's leading edge enters the pale outer fringe of Earth's shadow: the penumbra. You probably won't notice anything until the Moon is about halfway across the penumbra. 1. Watch for a slight darkening on the Moon's left side as seen from North America. The penumbral shading becomes stronger as the Moon moves deeper in. 2. The penumbra is the region where an astronaut standing on the Moon would see Earth covering only part of the Sun's face. 3. The Moon's leading edge enters the umbra, the cone of Earth's shadow within which the Sun's completely hidden. You should notice a dramatic darkening on the leading edge of the lunar disk. With a telescope, you can watch the edge of the umbra slowly engulfing one lunar feature after another, as the entire sky begins to grow darker. 4. The trailing edge of the Moon slips into the umbra for the beginning of total eclipse. But the Moon won't black out completely: It's sure to glow some shade of intense orange or red. 5. Why is this? The Earth's atmosphere scatters and bends (refracts) sunlight that skims its edges, diverting some of it onto the eclipsed Moon. If you were on the Moon during a lunar eclipse, you'd see the Sun hidden by a dark Earth rimmed with the reddish light of all the sunrises and sunsets ringing the world at that moment. 6. The red umbral glow can be quite different from one eclipse to the next. Two main factors affect its brightness and hue. The first is simply how deeply the Moon goes into the umbra as it passes through; the center of the umbra is darker than its edges. The other factor is the state of Earth's atmosphere. If a major volcanic eruption has recently polluted the stratosphere with thin global haze, a lunar eclipse can be dark red, ashen brown, or occasionally almost black. 7. In addition, blue light is refracted through Earth's clear, ozone-rich upper atmosphere above the thicker layers that produce the red sunrise-sunset colors. This ozone-blue light tints the Moon also, especially near the umbra's edge. You'll need binoculars or a telescope to see this effect. 8. As the Moon progresses along its orbit, events replay in reverse order. The Moon's edge re-emerges into the sunlight, ending totality and beginning a partial eclipse again. 9. When all of the Moon escapes the umbra, only the last, penumbral shading is left. Sometime later, nothing unusual remains. The event has five stages, each with different things to watch.(ANI)

You Searched For "India moon visibility" and got 4 results

Partial solar eclipse on October 25 will be visible from most parts of India

PTI

Why Russia and India both crashed near the moon's south pole before India nailed the first soft landing there

Morgan McFall-Johnsen

World to witness 'Blood Moon' spectacle in the sky on November 8

IANS

Chandra Grahan 2022: Check out Do's, don'ts to witness last 'lunar eclispse' of this year

ANI

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