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President Droupadi Murmu, on Friday visited an exhibition to showcase space technologies and achievements, at Bharat Mandapam, on the maiden <keyword id="22301946" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="National-Space-Day" source="keywords">National Space Day</keyword>. Union Minister Dr Jitendra Singh and <keyword id="19915124" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ISRO" source="keywords" meta.keywordsubtype="org" meta.entityname="ISRO" meta.hostid="153" meta.entityid="ISRO">ISRO</keyword> Chairman S Somanath were also present. <keyword id="19939985" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="President-Murmu" source="keywords">President Murmu</keyword> extended her greetings on the occasion of the first National Space Day and welcomed the decision to celebrate Space Day on the day <keyword id="19990220" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan" source="keywords">Chandrayaan</keyword> landed on the <keyword id="19899207" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="moon" source="keywords">Moon</keyword>. "It was a glorious moment for all the Indians when ISRO's Chandrayaan landed on the moon. I saw the live telecast of that moment, I was so proud that day like other Indians. To celebrate National Space Day on this occasion is a commendable step. I congratulate all of you on the first National Space Day. ISRO has achieved many feats since its inception". She also expressed her happiness with the student's participation in the event "Happy to see students' participation in this event." Highlighting the significance of <keyword id="19929542" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-exploration" source="keywords">space exploration</keyword>, she added "Space exploration has extended human's ability and help complete the imagination of humankind. Space exploration is exciting and challenging at the same time. Health, transportation, environment, energy, security and information technology are benefitted due to the growth in the <keyword id="20242397" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-sector" source="keywords">space sector</keyword>". The president termed the growth of the ISRO as extraordinary, "The growth of <keyword id="19895063" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="India" source="keywords">India</keyword>'s space sector is extraordinary, be it Mangalyan mission that was accomplished through minimum resources or launching more than 100 satellites at a time. we have achieved many such feats". She also praised the introduction of private players in the space sector in the country, "Introducing of the private sector in Indian has led to the formation of many <keyword id="22829456" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-start-ups" source="keywords">space start-ups</keyword> in India. This has allowed the youths of India to explore the space sector". Expressing her happiness about ISRO's plan to make <keyword id="20793131" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="space-mission" source="keywords">space mission</keyword> debris-free she said "I am happy that India is moving towards making India's space mission debris-free by 2030". India celebrated its first-ever National Space Day on Friday on the theme "Touching Lives While Touching the Moon: India's Space Saga". On 23 August 2023, India achieved a historic milestone when the Chandrayaan-3 lander completed a soft landing on the moon. This remarkable accomplishment made India the 4th country to accomplish this feat and the 1st to land on the lunar South Pole. In recognition of this achievement, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has declared August 23 as National Space Day.

"A glorious moment for all Indians when Chandrayaan landed on moon" says President Murmu on National Space Day

A mission to study the Sun, and launching a climate observation satellite, a test vehicle as part of Gaganyaan human space flight programme and an Indo-US synthetic aperture radar -- <keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword> has a packed schedule ahead. In addition, XPoSat (X-ray Polarimeter Satellite), the country's first dedicated polarimetry mission to study various dynamics of bright astronomical X-ray sources in extreme conditions, is also ready for launch, an ISRO official said on Tuesday. Aditya-L1, the first space-based Indian observatory to study the Sun, is getting ready for the launch, most likely in September first week. According to ISRO Chairman, Somanath S, the space agency has also lined up the launch of a climate observation satellite INSAT-3DS. The launch of a test vehicle mission, for the validation of the crew escape system for Gaganyaan, the country's maiden human space flight mission, is also expected soon. "(Then) we have to launch NISAR, the India-US built Synthetic Aperture Radar", Somanath said in his independence day address at ISRO headquarters here on August 15. "So, our hands are full." "We are going to build a large number of satellites for our security purpose as well in the coming days," Somanath had said. According to ISRO officials, NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) is a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) observatory being jointly developed by US space agency NASA and ISRO. NISAR will map the entire globe in 12 days and provide spatially and temporally consistent data for understanding changes in Earth's ecosystems, ice mass, vegetation biomass, sea level rise, ground water and natural hazards including earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes and landslides, they said. "It carries L and S dual band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), which operates with Sweep SAR technique to achieve large swath with high resolution data. The SAR payloads mounted on Integrated Radar Instrument Structure (IRIS) and the spacecraft bus are together called an observatory", an ISRO official noted. Before undertaking the Gaganyaan human space (manned) flight mission, ISRO has planned two unmanned missions. "We are getting ready for the (first of the two) unmanned crew module mission by the beginning of next year", an ISRO official said. The objective of the Gaganyaan mission is to demonstrate the capability of conducting human space flight mission to LEO on-board Indian Launch vehicle. The Orbital module consists of a Crew module and a Service module. Crew module, which is a pressurised module, acts as living quarters for the crew. The orbital module will be positioned in approximately 400 km circular orbit around earth for one to 3 days &amp; the crew module will return at the designated location at sea. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/personal-finance/news/how-to-find-unclaimed-bank-deposits-using-udgam-portal/articleshow/102830161.cms">Have unclaimed bank deposits? Here’s how to find it using UDGAM portal</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/indian-pc-market-declines-for-fourth-consecutive-quarter-reports-15-decline/articleshow/102822733.cms">Indian PC market declines for fourth consecutive quarter, reports 15% decline</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/gboard-checkout-upcoming-features-of-google-app/articleshow/102649444.cms">Gboard to onboard AI for stickers, proofreading and more</a>

A packed launch schedule for ISRO after Chandrayaan-3 mission

New Delhi [India], August 22 (ANI): In its latest update on Chandrayaan-3 soft landing, <keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword> on Tuesday said the mission is on schedule and systems are undergoing regular checks. "Smooth sailing is continuing, The Mission Operations Complex (at ISRO) is buzzed with energy and excitement!" ISRO posted on X, formerly Twitter. After Russia's Luna-25 mission failed, all eyes will be on India as its Chandrayaan-3 is set to land on the moon on August 23, 2023 (Wednesday), around 18:04 IST. The live telecast of the landing operations at MOX will begin at 1720 IST on Wednesday. Live actions of landing will be available on the ISRO website, its YouTube channel, Facebook, and public broadcaster DD National TV from 17:27 IST on Aug 23, 2023. Along with the mission's update, ISRO also released images of the moon captured by the Lander Position Detection Camera (LPDC) from an altitude of about 70 km. These images assist the lander module in determining its position (latitude and longitude) by matching them against an onboard moon reference map. On Monday, ISRO released a series of images of the lunar far side area captured by the Lander Hazard Detection and Avoidance Camera (LHDAC). This camera assists in locating a safe landing area -- without boulders or deep trenches -- during the descent. Also, in a significant development, the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter which was still orbiting around the moon established a two-way connection with the lander module of Chandrayaan-3 on Monday. Notably, the 'Vikram' lander module of the spacecraft successfully separated from the propulsion module on Thursday, and subsequently underwent crucial deboosting manoeuvres and descended to a slightly lower orbit. The Chandrayaan-3 mission's lander is named after Vikram Sarabhai (1919-1971), who is widely regarded as the father of the Indian space programme. A GSLV Mark 3 (LVM 3) heavy-lift launch vehicle was used for the launch of the spacecraft that was placed in the lunar orbit on August 5 and since then it has been through a series of orbital manoeuvres been lowered closer to the moon's surface. It has been a month and eight days since the <keyword id="116095" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="indian-space-research-organisation" source="Orion">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> launched the Chandrayaan-3 mission on July 14. The spacecraft was launched from the <keyword id="6356967" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="satish-dhawan-space-centre" source="Orion">Satish Dhawan Space Centre</keyword> in Andhra Pradesh's Sriharikota. The stated objectives of Chandrayaan-3, India's third lunar mission, are safe and soft landing on the lunar surface, rover moving on the moon's surface, and in-situ scientific experiments. India will be the fourth country in the world to achieve this feat after the United States, Russia, and China, but India will be the only country in the world to land on the lunar south pole. Chandrayaan-3's development phase commenced in January 2020, with the launch planned sometime in 2021. However, the Covid-19 pandemic brought an unforeseen delay to the mission's progress. Notably, the Chandrayaan-1 mission discovered the presence of water on the surface of the Moon, which was a new revelation for the world and even the premier Space agencies like the USA's NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) were fascinated by this discovery and used the inputs for their further experiments. (ANI)

Smooth Sailing says ISRO as Chandrayaan-3 Vikram lander gets closer to the Moon

<ul><li>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) just launched 14 satellites into space in 27 minutes.</li><li>This includes the Cartosat-3 satellite, which will add to India’s earth observation capabilities.</li><li>The massive 44.4-meter tall rocket with a lift-off mass of 321 tonnes, took off from the Second Launch Pad at the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota at 9:28 am.</li></ul>India just launched its new earth observation satellite, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/heres-whats-special-about-indias-cartosat-3-launch-tomorrow/articleshow/72235988.cms">Cartosat-3</a>, and 13 US satellites into Earth’s orbit in just under 27 minutes. “Cartosat-3 is the Highest resolution civilian Indian spacecraft. It is also the most complex and advanced earth observation satellite that ISRO has built so far,” said ISRO chairman K Sivan after the launch. The Indian Space Research Organisation (<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/heres-whats-special-about-indias-cartosat-3-launch-tomorrow/articleshow/72235988.cms">ISRO</a>) assembled the PSLV-C47 rocket in 5 segments, each weighing 45 to 50 tonnes, before catapulting it into space from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota. The massive 44.4-meter tall rocket with a lift-off mass of 321 tonnes, heaved took from the Second Launch Pad at 9:28 am. At lift-off time, the weather was a little cloudy, wind speeds benign indicating good conditions for the launch, according to the ISRO announcer. The launch The first stage of the launch was initiated as the first of the four engines, PS 1, was ignited. At 37 kilometers of altitude, the four groundless rockets burnt out in 92 seconds and separated from the main vehicle. After 113.2 seconds, the second stage of the launch was initiated at 115 kilometers. At 161.1 seconds the launch vehicle entered closed-loop guidance, which means that the vehicle was now deciding its future functions by comparing its current location to the target conditions. At 267 seconds, the third stage was initiated and lasted 229 seconds. Before moving onto the fourth stage, the launch vehicle was given a coasting period of 115 seconds to achieve optimal ignition conditions. At 17 minutes, the fourth stage was shut off and the mission director announced optimal orbital conditions were met. A few seconds later, ISRO separated the Cartosat-3 satellite separated from the launch vehicle. Following which the MESHBED was launched into orbit. All of the satellites needed to be placed in similar but different orbits. So a gap of around 3 minutes was given to ensure that they don’t enter the same orbit at the Cartosat-3 or fourth stage of the launch vehicle. More about the payloads The third generation of Cartosat satellites, the Cartosat-3, is the ninth overall in the Carosat series. It weighs 1,625 kilograms and can click detailed images of up to 0.25 meters in resolution. "The realisation of Carosat-3 has witnessed a totally new development in the advanced technological area across the board, in all the domains -- right from the payload, the communications, the optical system, the sensors, and so on," said P. Kunhikrishnan, Direction of URSC after the successful launch. He added that the satellite is capable of very high data throughput. It is able to relay information back to Earth at speeds of 2.88 gigabits per second, a considerable improvement over its predecessor which only communicated at 6.40 megabits per second. The satellite also has terabits of solid state memory on-board. Cartosat-3 serves a dual purpose. It can monitor land usage for urban planning, rural resources, and the weather — but it can also help surveil India’s borders. In the past, area of interest (AOI) images from the Cartosat-2C satellite were used to track terrorist threats along the line of control (LoC). Twelve of the US satellites are earth observation FLOCK-4P nanosatellites and one is a MESHBED to test communications. These commercial satellites are being launched under an arrangement with New Space India Ltd (NSIL), the commercial arm of ISRO. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-space-station-plan-by-isro-plans-k-sivan/articleshow/69775780.cms" style="">India wants to set up its own space station to carry out experiments in microgravity</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-plans-deep-sea-exploration-with-manned-submersible-by-2022/articleshow/71887408.cms" style="">After reaching the moon, ISRO plans to dive 6,000 meters deep into the sea by 2022</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isros-chandrayaan-2-gets-international-support-from-nasa-and-uae-space-agency/articleshow/71031546.cms" style="">International support pours in for ISRO after losing contact with lunar lander</a>

ISRO launches Cartosat-3 and 13 US satellites within 27 minutes

<ul><li>You can watch the live launch of Chandrayaan 2 online. </li><li>The mission cost less than Avengers: Endgame but it's the Indian Space Research Organisations (ISRO) most expensive mission to date. </li></ul>You can watch the entire launch sequence of the <keyword id="6933559" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-2-launch">Chandrayaan 2 launch</keyword> by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) online by following the feed below: <div type="twitter" handle="isro" handlename="ISRO" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/413572279734247424/LshYgwCH_normal.jpeg" favoritecount="12072" retweetcount="6314" status="Launch of Chandrayaan 2 by GSLV MkIII-M1 Vehicle https://t.co/P93BGn4wvT" createdat="1563785265000" id="1153225103619964928"></div>
 The countdown for the launch was initiated yesterday evening at 6:43pm after the first launch event was called off on July 15. ISRO tweeted out, ‘Chandrayaan 2 is ready to a billion dreams to the Moon — now stronger than ever before!’ The ‘technical snag’ during the first mission was reportedly due the fall in pressure in one of the rocket’s fuel tanks, which has since been taken care of.

Watch the spectacular launch of Chandrayaan-2 — India's moon mission that cost less than Avengers: Endgame

The static test of first stage solid motor (SS1) of <keyword id="6358064" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>'s <keyword id="6117656" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Small-Satellite-Launch-Vehicle">Small Satellite Launch Vehicle</keyword> (<keyword id="6864059" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="SSLV">SSLV</keyword>) -- a new-generation compact rocket -- was not successful, according to sources in ISRO. "Oscillation was noticed after 60 seconds into the test and nozzle was blown out near the bucket flange where it's attached with the motor at around 95 seconds", sources in the Bengaluru-headquartered <keyword id="498463" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Space-Agency">space agency</keyword> said. It was supposed to be tested for a total duration of about 110 seconds, officials said. The <keyword id="116095" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> had targeted to launch the first development flight of SSLV (D1) in April and may now in all probability have to revise this schedule. "SSLV First stage is a new solid motor...new design. New motor has to be static tested on the ground to prove its performance. If it is successful, one more of the same configuration is tested again for acceptance. If both are successful, no more ground test is required and third motor of the same configuration will be accepted for flight", an ISRO official said. SS2 and SS3 motors, igniters and SS2 flex nozzle assembly, liquid propulsion-based VTM (Velocity Trimming Module) thrusters, propellant tanks and propulsion components had already been realised by ISRO and made ready for the maiden orbital test flight. "We have to identify the root cause of the failure and modify the design", the official said on the unsuccessful testing at Sriharikota spaceport in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh, about 100 kms north of Chennai, last week. Asked how long it may take for ISRO to complete the two static tests, the official said: "Maybe six months". SSLV is two metres in diameter and 34 meters in length with a lift-off weight of about 120 tons. ISRO has over the years realised five generations of launch vehicles -- SLV-3, ASLV, <keyword id="6395832" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="PSLV">PSLV</keyword>, GSLV and GSLV-MkIII. The space agency had earlier said the SSLV is going to be a new member of the launch vehicle family. It is intended to cater to emerging global small satellite launch service market. "We are flying an earth observation satellite (EOS-02) on board the the first development flight of SSLV", ISRO Chairman and Secretary in the <keyword id="245720" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Department-of-Space">Department of Space</keyword>, K Sivan said last month. SSLV has been designed to meet "launch on demand" requirements in a cost-effective manner for small satellites in a dedicated and ride share mode. It is a three-stage all solid vehicle with a capability to launch up to 500 kg satellite mass into 500 km low earth orbit (LEO) and 300 kg to Sun Synchronous Orbit (SSO). By comparison, PSLV -- the workhorse of ISRO -- can take up to 1,750 kg payload into SSO of 600 km altitude. With lower per kg launch cost, the mini launcher will have multiple satellite mounting options for nano, micro and small satellites. Sivan had earlier termed the SSLV an innovative vehicle, which can be assembled in just 72 hours. "Instead of 60 days (for building a PSLV), it (SSLV) will be assembled in three days; instead of 600 people (needed to build a PSLV), it (SSLV) will be done by six people", he had said. Chairman and Managing Director of ISRO's commercial arm, NewSpace India Limited (NSIL), G Narayanan, recently said: "the world over there is a big boom for small launch vehicles and that's why we are focusing on that". The US-based satellite ride share and mission management provider, <keyword id="696288" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="spaceflight">Spaceflight</keyword> Inc., has already purchased the first commercial launch of the SSLV (SSLV-D2) from NSIL for launch from the <keyword id="6356967" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="satish-dhawan-space-centre">Satish Dhawan Space Centre</keyword> in Sriharikota. Spaceflight had said at the time that it has already sold out the entire manifest (launch) for this secured SSLV-D2 launch, with spacecraft from an undisclosed U.S.-based satellite constellation customer. This undisclosed customer is reportedly Seattle-based BlackSky Global, which will launch four earth observation satellites on board SSLV-D2 in the ride share mission arranged Spaceflight. "Were taking advantage of the growth in the small satellite market to deliver more launch options with the mini-launcher", a senior NSIL official said. "The SSLV is the much-needed solution to fill the gap in the portfolio of small launch vehicles," Curt Blake, CEO and President of Spaceflight, had said. "SSLV is designed for the launch-on-demand concept with very quick turn-around capability in between launches. SSLV is perfectly suited for launching multiple micro satellites at a time and supports multiple orbital drop-offs", Blake had said. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/oneplus-9-pro-oneplus-9-and-oneplus-watch-to-launch-in-india-today-how-to-watch-live-stream-price-features-and-more/articleshow/81644503.cms">OnePlus 9 Pro, OnePlus 9 and OnePlus Watch to launch in India today – How to watch live stream, price, features and more</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/how-to-check-allotment-status-of-suryoday-small-finance-bank-ipo-online/articleshow/81647204.cms">Suryoday Small Finance Bank IPO allotment live – how to check allotment, listing date and more</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/apps/news/supreme-court-orders-to-pause-all-cases-against-netflix-amazon-prime-and-others-in-high-courts-across-india/articleshow/81647182.cms">Supreme Court orders to pause all cases against Netflix, Amazon Prime and others in High Courts across India</a>

Static test of first stage solid motor of India's mini rocket SSLV unsuccessful, says sources in ISRO

<ul><li>India will be launching its earth imaging satellite, Cartosat-3, tomorrow morning from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota.</li><li>The launch will include 13 other nanosatellites from the US aboard the PSLV XL rocket.</li><li>The Cartosat-3 satellite is an upgrade to India’s Cartosat-2 ‘eye in the sky’ satellites.</li></ul>India is all set to launch its third generation ‘eye in the sky’ Cartosat-3, from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota tomorrow. The Indian Space Research Organisation (<a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/pslv-c47-cartosat-3-mission/launch-kit-glance">ISRO</a>) will be using its trusted workhorse, the PSLV XL rocket, to place the satellite in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Deemed PSLV-C47, it will be the PSLV’s 49th flight and the XL variant’s 21st launch. According to the agency, the satellite’s main use will be addressing the demands of urban planning, rural resources, coastal land use and monitoring land cover. Since the <keyword id="3703841" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Cartosat-satellites">Cartosat satellites</keyword> are capable of providing high resolution pictures, they serve a dual purpose. They can also be used to defend India’s borders. Upgraded surveillance In September 2016, the <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/ISRO-to-launch-12-18-satellites-per-year/articleshow/52867943.cms">Cartosat-2C</a> helped Indian Army soldiers conduct <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Surgical-Strikes-First-major-use-of-Cartosat-images-for-Army/articleshow/54596113.cms">surgical strikes</a> along the line of control (LoC) by <a href="https://asiancorrespondent.com/2016/09/reports-india-used-eye-sky-destroy-terror-targets-pakistan/">providing</a> ‘Area of Interest’ (AOI) based images. That satellite could provide images that were 0.65 meters in resolution. The Cartosat-3 satellite, on the other hand, is supposed to be even more accurate with a resolution of 0.25 meters. It will also have adaptive optics, acousto optical devices, in-orbit focusing using micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) and large area-light weight mirrors. ISRO expects Cartosat-3 to orbit the Earth for the next five years from 509 kilometers in space. You can watch the launch live on <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ytPpAl0NCHQ&amp;feature=youtu.be">YouTube</a>, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ISRO">Facebook</a>, <a href="https://twitter.com/isro">Twitter</a> or on the official <a href="https://www.isro.gov.in/watch-live-launch-of-pslv-c47-cartosat-3-0900-hrs-ist-onwards">ISRO</a> website. <div type="Youtube" id="ytPpAl0NCHQ" title="Watch Live: Launch of Cartosat-3 and 13 USA’s Nanosatellite by PSLV-C47" thumbUrl="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ytPpAl0NCHQ/mqdefault_live.jpg"></div>

 See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-plans-deep-sea-exploration-with-manned-submersible-by-2022/articleshow/71887408.cms">After reaching the moon, ISRO plans to dive 6,000 meters deep into the sea by 2022</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-space-station-plan-by-isro-plans-k-sivan/articleshow/69775780.cms">India wants to set up its own space station to carry out experiments in microgravity</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-nasa-just-spotted-a-black-hole-spinning-so-fast-that-it-could-be-making-space-itself-rotate/articleshow/66416605.cms">ISRO, NASA just spotted a black hole spinning so fast that it could be making space itself rotate</a>

Here’s what’s special about India’s Cartosat-3 launch tomorrow

<ul><li>The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) quietly launched <keyword id="8143100" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="project-netra">Project NETRA</keyword> this month. </li><li>The Network for Space Object Tracking and Analysis (NETRA) will track space debris and other potential threats to Indian satellites in space. </li><li>India will no longer be dependant on the North American Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD) for tracking space objects. </li></ul>As the world debated over India’s lunar mission, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/moon-landing-drama-play-by-play-of-isro-losing-communication-with-chandrayaan-2s-lander/articleshow/71018307.cms">Chandrayaan 2</a>, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has quietly launched <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-to-set-up-own-space-debris-agency-because-norad-data-inaccurate/articleshow/70550082.cms">Project NETRA</a> in the background. India’s warning system to detect space debris and other potential threats to Indian satellites is now live, according to a report by <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/isro-initiates-project-netra-to-safeguard-indian-space-assets-from-debris-and-other-harm/article29497795.ece">The Hindu</a>. The Network for Space Object Tracking and Analysis (NETRA) will safeguard India’s 50 functional satellites in space using an on-ground network of telescopes and radars under the Directorate of Space Situational Awareness and Management. According to ISRO, NETRA won’t be tracking space objects exclusively. It will also have military applications — just like NORAD — serving as a warning system against incoming missiles or space attacks from hostile nations. Self-sufficiency in space situational awareness India’s new ₹400 crore ($56 million) system ensures India will no longer have to depend on data from the North America Aerospace Defence Command (<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/US-military-bases-are-still-using-Chinese-surveillance-video-cameras-just-weeks-before-a-federal-ban-takes-effect/articleshow/70281636.cms">NORAD</a>). Publically available data on the portal was not accurate enough and useful data is exclusive to NORAD members, which was a major obstacle, <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-to-set-up-own-space-debris-agency-because-norad-data-inaccurate/articleshow/70550082.cms">according to</a> ISRO Chairman K Sivan. NETRA is the first step in making India self sufficient when it comes to space situational awareness (SSA). What can NETRA do? As of now, NETRA can only track objects in low-earth orbit (<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/prime-minister-modi-in-his-live-address-says-indian-scientists-shot-down-a-low-orbit-satellite-300-km-away-in-space/articleshow/68593276.cms">LEO</a>), which is only 2,000 kilometers above the Earth’s surface. It can detect objects as small as 10 centimeters in size up within a range of 3,400 kilometers. Going forward, ISRO has plans to upgrade that capability to track the geostationationary orbit (GEO) as well at 36,000 kilometers. Plans for NETRA include a high-precision and long-range telescope in Leh, a radar in the North East, telescopes in Ponmudi and Mount Abu. It will also use the Multi-Object Tracking Radar (MOTR) at the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota. The entire network will also include data processing units and a control center. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-to-set-up-own-space-debris-agency-because-norad-data-inaccurate/articleshow/70550082.cms">India doesn't trust US with measuring space debris — and so it will set up its own agency</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-space-activities-bill-addresses-damage-in-outer-space/articleshow/69960212.cms">India’s new ‘Space Activities Bill’ will fix the liability for damage caused in outer space</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/us-russia-china-and-india-standoff-over-space-debris-after-a-sat-test/articleshow/70837355.cms">US, Russia and China with space debris in the thousands are complaining about 49 pieces from India's A-SAT test</a>

India's new space warning system will also keep an eye out for hostile missiles

<ul><li>"Urge you all to watch the special moments of Chandrayaan-2 descending on to the Lunar South pole": tweeted PM Modi</li><li><keyword id="414120" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan 2</keyword>’s lander, Vikram will attempt to soft land near the Moon’s South Pole between 1:30 am and 2:30 am on 7 September 2019. </li><li>Interestingly, Chandrayaan 2 is not just looking for water on the moon. Read Business Insider India to find out more. </li></ul>Prime Minister <keyword id="6354477" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Narendra-Modi">Narendra Modi</keyword> might help you get some followers, likes and retweets on <keyword id="6354616" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Twitter">Twitter</keyword>. Oh no, he is not endorsing your ‘gyaan’ on life, but definitely acknowledging your valued thoughts on Chandrayaan2 - one of India’s most historic lunar missions. Taking to Twitter, PM said, “I urge you all to watch the special moments of Chandrayaan - 2 descending on to the Lunar South Pole! Do share your photos on social media. I will re-tweet some of them too.” 
	<div type="twitter" handle="narendramodi" handlename="Narendra Modi" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1134082549041393672/QbihPzrL_normal.png" favoritecount="14928" retweetcount="3146" status="I urge you all to watch the special moments of Chandrayaan - 2 descending on to the Lunar South Pole! Do share your… https://t.co/PhYdWVY2qv" createdat="1567755813000" id="1169878791360925697"></div>



 PM Modi will be watching Chandrayaan 2’s descent on the Moon with youngsters from the <keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword> Centre in Bengaluru. “The youngsters with whom I will watch the special moments from the ISRO Centre in Bengaluru are those bright minds who won the ISRO Space Quiz on MyGov. The large scale participation in this Quiz showcases the interest of the youth in science and space. This is a great sign!” 
	<div type="twitter" handle="narendramodi" handlename="Narendra Modi" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1134082549041393672/QbihPzrL_normal.png" favoritecount="3866" retweetcount="744" status="The youngsters with whom I will watch the special moments from the ISRO Centre in Bengaluru are those bright minds… https://t.co/wSYkQ2SiUD" createdat="1567755703000" id="1169878328196526082"></div>



 India’s is going to become the first country in the world to land near the Moon’s South Pole tonight and the whole world is waiting to watch Chandrayaan 2 land. After seven weeks of maneuvering through space and Chandrayaan 2’s lander, Vikram, is finally reach to make its approach. This will be the “15 most terrifying moments” for the Indian Space Research Organisation, according Chairman K Sivan. 
	<div type="twitter" handle="BiIndia" handlename="Business Insider India🇮🇳" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/897791968561856513/lSAPr7ui_normal.jpg" favoritecount="9" retweetcount="3" status="#WATCH | #Chandrayaan2's soft landing on #Moon on Saturday at 1:30am: Things you must know. Read more:… https://t.co/cE9CUy9pss" createdat="1567754453000" id="1169873085995970562"></div>



 Modi also said — “The moment 130 crore Indians were enthusiastically waiting for is here! In a few hours from now, the final descent of Chandrayaan - 2 will take place on the Lunar South Pole. India, and the rest of the world will yet again see the exemplary prowess of our space scientists.” 
	<div type="twitter" handle="narendramodi" handlename="Narendra Modi" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1134082549041393672/QbihPzrL_normal.png" favoritecount="6523" retweetcount="1280" status="I am extremely excited to be at the ISRO Centre in Bengaluru to witness the extraordinary moment in the history of… https://t.co/3cEPhtGiUp" createdat="1567755702000" id="1169878325763788800"></div>



 Chandrayaan 2’s lander, Vikram, separately from the orbiter on 2 September 2019 and is currently in the process of putting itself in the correct position to begin its soft-landing. It’s a milestone for India since it will be landing one of the most cratered regions on the Moon — that too with indegenious built technology for the first time. Chandrayaan 2 will also make India the fourth country to soft-land on the lunar surface, if it’s successful. Excited over ISRO’s achievements, the prime minister said, “I have been regularly and enthusiastically tracking all updates relating to Chandrayaan - 2 since it was launched on 22nd July 2019. This Mission manifests the best of Indian talent and spirit of tenacity. Its success will benefit crores of Indians.” 
	<div type="twitter" handle="isro" handlename="ISRO" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/413572279734247424/LshYgwCH_normal.jpeg" favoritecount="24026" retweetcount="4906" status="We have the same wishes for Vikram, Orbiter. Want to stay in touch with Vikram and Pragyan as they make their way t… https://t.co/rL4mBBjpVF" createdat="1567740649000" id="1169815188972826625"></div>


 Here’s where and how to watch Chandrayaan 2 land on the Moon: National Geographic will be hosting the live broadcast on 7 September 2019 between 1.30 am to 2.30 am. The show will be hosted by National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) astronaut, Jerry Linenger. Linenger will walk viewers through the soft landing and also share his own experiences in space with them, according to the channel. Hotstar users can also watch the Moon landing live through the streaming platform. ISRO will also reportedly live stream the event from the Satellite Control Centre (SCC) in Bengaluru. The feed will be able on ISRO’s official site as well as through their channel on YouTube. Chandrayaan 2 is inching close to the Moon's South Pole, and India hopes to be the first country to land on its cratered surface. India's Moon mission will scan the lunar surface for clues about its composition. And, that unlock what's inside — like precious metals, according to a new study published in Nature GeoScience. 
	<div type="twitter" handle="isro" handlename="ISRO" image="http://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/413572279734247424/LshYgwCH_normal.jpeg" favoritecount="15464" retweetcount="3337" status="Watch this video to find out more about Vikram — Chandrayaan 2’s Lander — and the different stages of its journey t… https://t.co/Wm4uS7yxQW" createdat="1567701269000" id="1169650015347732481"></div>



 Geologists believe that since there are similarities between the Earth and the Moon, the composition of mineral deposits found on the planet could be parallel to what might be found on the natural satellite. "Examination of mineral deposits on Earth suggests that iron sulfide is a great place to store precious metals, like platinum and palladium," stated James Brenan, the lead author of the paper. And, in order to confirm his findings, "the South pole seems like a good choice for sampling". How will Chandrayaan 2 help? The primary objective of the mission is to build on Chandrayaan 1's discovery of water on the Moon. The high tech instruments aboard the lander, Vikram, and the rover, Pragyan, will analyse the elemental composition of the Moon. Scientists are hoping that the information will help them find out more about other elements as well — like where there may find more Sulphur. "We have been able to link the Sulfur content of lunar volcanic rocks to the presence of iron sulfide deep inside the moon," said Brenan. "Our results show that sulfur in lunar volcanic rocks is a fingerprint for the presence of iron sulfide in the rocky interior of the moon, which is where we think the precious metals were left behind when the lavas were created," he added.

PM Modi might retweet you tonight, here's how you can feature on his Twitter timeline

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<keyword id="6358064" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="ISRO">ISRO</keyword>’s <keyword id="6625456" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="100" keywordseo="Mars-Orbiter-Mission">Mars Orbiter Mission</keyword> (MOM), informally called Mangalyaan, is all set to enter the orbit of Mars on September 24. 
 The <keyword id="823674" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="60" keywordseo="Kerala-State-Science-and-Technology-Museum">Kerala State Science and Technology Museum</keyword> (KSSTM) is planning various programmes on September 23 and 24 to mark the event. It has collaborated with <keyword id="833847" type="PERSON" weightage="80" keywordseo="Vigyan-Prasar">Vigyan Prasar</keyword>, an autonomous body under the Department of Science and Technology, and the Rajya Sabha TV to telecast special programmes. 
 
“KSSTM is one of six centres which are part of this programme. Live telecasts of various events that we are planning and comments by experts and also the public will be aired from 10.30 am on September 23 to 4 pm on September 24 from the campus,’’ said KSSTM Director Arul Jerald Prakash. 
 
The Mangalyaan will enter the orbit of Mars shortly after 7 am on September 24, however, it will be difficult to spot the planet in the morning sky. 
 
ISRO had earlier said that the MOM spacecraft was in the “pink of health,” and was sending crucial information from a distance of 211 million km after having covered 95% of its journey. 
 
Here is a timeline of the Mars mission: 
· November 5, 2013: MOM launched aboard PSLV-C 25 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. 
· December 4, 2013: Exits Earth’s sphere of influence. 
· February 11, 2014: Completes 100 days. 
· April 9: Covered 50% of its journey 
· September 24: Set to enter the orbit of Mars 
 
Stay tuned for more!

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