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The Indian Space Research Organisation, commonly referred to as <keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="isro" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword>, has successfully carried out two more tests as part of plans to further validate and refine the performance of the propulsion system that would be used to launch India's first human spaceflight mission, <keyword id="6797456" type="General" weightage="80" keywordseo="Gaganyaan" source="Orion">Gaganyaan</keyword>. The "hot tests" on Gaganyaan Service Module Propulsion System (SMPS) were conducted at the ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri, in Tamil Nadu on Wednesday. The Gaganyaan project envisages demonstration of human spaceflight capability by launching a crew of three members to an orbit of 400 km for a three days mission and bring them back safely to earth, by landing in Indian sea waters, according to ISRO. "These tests will further validate and refine the performance of the propulsion system, ensuring its readiness for the upcoming Gaganyaan mission," it said. "These tests (carried out on July 26) marked the second and third hot tests in the Service Module - System Demonstration model (SM-SDM) phase 2 test series. The first hot test was conducted on July 19, 2023," the Bengaluru-headquartered national space agency said in a statement. ISRO said three more hot tests are scheduled, to demonstrate de-boosting requirements and off-nominal mission scenarios. The SMPS is designed and developed by the Liquid Propulsion System Centre located at Bengaluru and Valiamala, Thiruvananthapuram. During the tests on Wednesday, the thrusters were operated in both continuous and pulse mode, in sync with the mission profile. The initial hot test which lasted for 723.6 seconds focused on demonstrating Orbital Module injection and the calibration burn of 100 Newton thrusters and Liquid Apogee Motor (LAM) engines. "The calibration burn was essential to identify and isolate any non-operational engines. The <keyword id="18165981" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="lam-engines" source="Orion">LAM engines</keyword> and reaction control system (RCS) Thrusters performed as expected," the statement said. "The latter hot test, with a duration of 350 seconds, aimed to demonstrate the circularisation of the Orbital Module to achieve the final orbit. During this test, the LAM engines operated in continuous mode, while the RCS Thrusters fired in pulse mode," it added.

ISRO successfully conducts propulsion system tests for its first human spaceflight mission

Indian Space Research Organisation (<keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="ISRO" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword>) successfully executed the <keyword id="19218514" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Test-Flight-Abort-Mission" source="Orion">Test Flight Abort Mission</keyword>, for the <keyword id="6797456" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Gaganyaan" source="Orion">Gaganyaan</keyword> mission on Saturday after the first test flight was aborted at 8:45 am due to a problem in the engine ignition. Earlier today, ISRO briefly aborted the launch of the first uncrewed test flight (TV-D1 Flight Test) in the Gaganyaan Mission. The space agency then said that the errors have been identified and corrected and the second launch was scheduled for 10:00 Hrs today. This Flight test vehicle Abort mission is conducted to demonstrate the performance of the Crew escape system as part of the Gaganyaan mission. The mission objectives of the TV-D1 launch are: Flight demonstration and evaluation of Test Vehicle subsystems; flight demonstration and evaluation of Crew Escape System including various separation systems; crew module characteristics; and deceleration system demonstration at higher altitudes and its recovery. The Test Vehicle is a single-stage liquid rocket developed for this abort mission. The payloads consist of the Crew Module (CM) and Crew Escape Systems (CES) with their fast-acting solid motors, along with CM fairing (CMF) and Interface Adapters. This flight simulated the abort condition during the ascent trajectory corresponding to a Mach number of 1.2 encountered in the Gaganyaan mission. This mission represents a significant milestone in India's effort to demonstrate that it is possible to send humans into space. The Gaganyaan project envisages a demonstration of human spaceflight capability by launching a crew of three members into an orbit of 400 km for a 3-day mission and bringing them safely back to earth by landing in Indian waters. This programme will make India the fourth nation to launch a manned spaceflight mission after the US, Russia, and China. Building on the success of the Indian space initiatives, including the recent Chandrayan-3 and Aditya L1 missions, Prime Minister Narendra Modi directed that India should now aim for new and ambitious goals, including setting up 'Bharatiya Antariksha Station' (Indian Space Station) by 2035 and sending the first Indian to the Moon by 2040. SEE ALSO:<a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/webstories/oneplus-open-vs-samsung-galaxy-z-fold-5-battle-of-the-foldable-smartphones/slidelist/104581006.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/webstories/oneplus-open-vs-samsung-galaxy-z-fold-5-battle-of-the-foldable-smartphones/slidelist/104581006.cms" target="_blank">OnePlus Open vs Samsung Galaxy Z Fold 5 – battle of the foldable smartphones</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/google-pay-everything-you-need-to-know-about-googles-new-credit-offerings/articleshow/104573817.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/news/google-pay-everything-you-need-to-know-about-googles-new-credit-offerings/articleshow/104573817.cms" target="_blank">Google for India – Sachet loans to credit on UPI, tech giant bets on lending</a><a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/oneplus-open-foldable-launched-in-india-as-an-affordable-alternative-to-samsung-galaxy-z-fold-5/articleshow/104560947.cms" target="_blank"></a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/tech/mobile/news/oneplus-open-foldable-launched-in-india-as-an-affordable-alternative-to-samsung-galaxy-z-fold-5/articleshow/104560947.cms" target="_blank">OnePlus Open foldable launched in India as an 'affordable' alternative to Samsung Galaxy Z Fold 5</a>

ISRO successfully launches Test Flight Abort Mission for project Gaganyaan

Space agencies of India and France on Thursday signed an agreement for cooperation for the country's first human space mission Gaganyaan, the French space agency <keyword id="680335" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="CNES">CNES</keyword> said. The agreement was announced during French Foreign Affairs minister Jean-Yves Le Drian visit to the <keyword id="116095" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword>'s (<keyword id="6358064" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword>) headquarters. ISRO has asked CNES to help prepare for Gaganyaan missions and to serve as its single European contact in this domain. "Under the terms of the agreement, CNES will train India's flight physicians and CAPCOM mission control teams in France at the CADMOS centre for the development of microgravity applications and space operations at CNES in Toulouse and at the European Astronaut Centre (EAC) in Cologne, Germany," the CNES said. The agreement provides for the CNES to support implementation of a scientific experiment plan on validation missions, exchange information on food packaging and the nutrition programme, and above all the use by Indian astronauts of French equipment, consumables and medical instruments. French equipment developed by CNES, tested and still operating aboard the <keyword id="6382020" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="international-space-station">International Space Station</keyword> (ISS) will thus be made available to Indian crews. Thomas Pesquet, who is set to make his second flight to the International Space Station on April 22 for the <keyword id="175327" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Alpha">Alpha</keyword> mission, had previously tested these devices on his first spaceflight. The CNES will also be supplying fireproof carry bags made in France to shield equipment from shocks and radiation, it said. "This cooperation could be extended in the future to parabolic flights operated by Novespace to test instruments and for astronaut training, as well as technical support for construction of an astronaut training centre in Bangalore," the CNES added. The Gaganyaan orbital spacecraft project was kicked off in August 2018. It originally intended to send astronauts from Indian soil to mark the 75th anniversary of India's independence in 2022. However, the mission has been delayed due to the restrictions imposed in view of the coronavirus pandemic. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/macrotech-developers-ipo-check-share-allotment-date-listing-date-and-more/articleshow/82078222.cms">Macrotech Developers IPO — check share allotment date, listing date and more</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/coinbase-climbs-13-in-trading-debut-as-valuation-hovers-around-100-billion/articleshow/82072134.cms">Coinbase tumbles 19% in trading debut as valuation hovers around $100 billion</a> <a target="_blank" class="c-link c-message_attachment__title_link" href="https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/flipkart-acquires-cleartrip-in-an-effort-to-cement-its-position-in-the-travel-booking-segment/articleshow/82081931.cms">Flipkart acquires Cleartrip in an effort to cement its position in the travel booking segment</a>

ISRO partners with France to launch India's first human spaceflight mission Gaganyaan

ISRO on Wednesday announced that four Indian Air Force pilots have been selected for the ambitious 'Gaganyaan' manned space mission programme, whose astronaut training would commence soon in Russia. A day after Union Minister Jitendra Singh said India will launch Chandrayaan-3 most likely in 2020, Indian Space Research Organisation chairman K Sivan said the activities for the mission were going on very smoothly and the take-off may shift to next year. Addressing a press conference here, Sivan said four Indian Air Force airmen have been identified for the country's maiden manned space mission and their astronauts training would start from the third week of this month in Russia. "We had good progress in 2019 as regards Gaganyaan. And many of the designs were completed and astronauts' selection process is over. Now four are identified for training purpose..that process is also completed," Sivan said. On Chandrayaan-3, he said the work was going on smoothly. "One major announcement I wanted to make here officialy is that the government has approved Chandrayaan-3 and the project has been formed. The activities are going on for Chandrayaan-3 very smoothly and its configuration will be similar to that of Chandrayaan-2," he said. It will have a lander, rover and a propulsion module, he noted. Asked about the launch date, he said it would be announced only when the project nears completion. He also said the launch of Chandrayaan-3 may shift to next year. Work on both Chandrayaan-3 and Gaganyaan, was going on simultaneously, he added. Noting that Chandrayaan-2 orbiter's mission life was seven years, he said it would be used for the third lunar mission as well. Giving an estimate of the project cost for Chandrayaan-3, Sivan said, "This particular cost of lander and rover configuration thing is about Rs 250 crore. The total cost of the project is Rs 615 crore." The objective of Chandrayaan-3 would also be to land in the lunar south pole, he said. On the launch pad to come up at Tuticorin in Tamil Nadu, Sivan said, "apart from the space port at the Sathish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, the land acquisition for a second one has been initiated in Tuticorin district." As regards the choice of location, he said, "It was mainly to get advantages of southward launch especially for SSLV (Small Satellite Launch Vehicle)." Observing that the pad, once set up, would be used for launching SSLVs initially, he said it may be expanded for big ones in future. On future missions, he said, "25 missions have been planned for 2020." "The missions that were planned in 2019 and could not be completed would be finished by March this year," he said. Asked what went wrong with the Vikram lander of Chandrayaan-2, he said it was due to velocity reduction failure. "The velocity reduction failure was due to internal reasons," he said. Chandrayaan-2 mission was India's first attempt to land on the lunar surface. ISRO had planned the landing on the south pole of the lunar surface. However, Vikram hard-landed. Sivan also congratulated the Chennai based techie who recently located the Vikram lander that hard-landed and maintained that it was the space agency's policy not to release pictures of the crashed module. The space agency has sought an allocation of Rs 14,000 crore from the Centre in the budget for 2020-21 for various projects. India has signed agreements with Russia and France for cooperation on the ambitious Gaganyaan mission, which was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi during his Independence Day speech in 2018. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/chandrayaan-3-and-gaganyaan-top-priorities-for-isro-in-2020/articleshow/73063629.cms?src=hp_nav">India's second mission to land on the Moon, Chandrayaan 3, confirmed by ISRO chief</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/the-moon-is-shining-brighter-than-the-sun-and-that-is-dangerous/articleshow/70737236.cms">The Moon is shining brighter than the Sun — and that is dangerous</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/supermassive-black-hole-is-eating-meals-worth-four-moons-thrice-a-day/articleshow/71090624.cms">Supermassive black hole is eating meals worth four Moons thrice a day</a>

ISRO selects four IAF pilots for Gaganyaan to train in Russia

Even before orbiting astronauts on India's first manned mission to the space in December 2021, the Indian Space Research Organisation will send 'Vyomamitra', a '<keyword id="7617165" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="lady-robot">lady robot</keyword>', in unmanned <keyword id="6797456" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Gaganyaan">Gaganyaan</keyword> spacecraft. The robot was the centre of attraction at the inaugural session of the "<keyword id="1064783" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="human-spaceflight">Human Spaceflight</keyword> and Exploration - Present Challenges and Future Trends" here on Wednesday. Vyomamitra, a combination of two Sanskrit words Vyoma (Space) and Mitra (Friend), took everyone by surprise when she introduced herself to the audience gathered there. "Hello everyone. I am Vyomamitra, the prototype of the half-humanoid, been made for the first unmanned Gaganyaan mission," the robot said. Explaining about the role in the mission, she said, "I can monitor though module parameters, alert you and perform life support operations. I can perform activities like switch panel operations..." The robot said she can also be a companion and converse with the astronauts, recognise them and can also respond to their queries. ISRO chairman K Sivan told reporters the humanoid will simulate human functions in space and also interact with the environment control life support system. "It will be simulating exactly the human functions there (in space). It will check whether the system is right. This will be very useful to simulate, as if a human is flying," said Sivan. Earlier, addressing the inaugural function, Sivan said ahead of the launch of India's maiden human spaceflight venture 'Gaganyaan' in December 2021, ISRO will undertake two unmanned missions in December 2020 and June 2021. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isros-gsat-30-satellite-successfully-rides-the-ariane-5-rocket-into-orbit-abroad-the-first-launch-of-2020/articleshow/73312278.cms">ISRO's GSAT 30 satellite successfully rides the Ariane 5 rocket into orbit abroad the first launch of 2020</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/budget/news/budget-2020-isro-needs-rs-666-cr-for-chandrayaan-3/articleshow/73462546.cms">Exploring space is expensive — and ISRO needs more money from the 2020 Union Budget</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/chandrayaan-3-and-gaganyaan-top-priorities-for-isro-in-2020/articleshow/73063629.cms">India's second mission to land on the Moon, Chandrayaan 3, confirmed by ISRO chief</a>

ISRO's humanoid lady robot will fly into space before they send astronauts out on Gaganyaan

Ahead of the launch of India's maiden human spaceflight venture '<keyword id="6797456" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Gaganyaan">Gaganyaan</keyword>' in December 2021, the Indian Space Research Organisation will undertake two unmanned missions in December 2020 and June 2021, ISRO chairman K Sivan said on Wednesday. Addressing the inaugural session of a symposium on "Human Spaceflight and Exploration - Present Challenges and Future Trends," Sivan said the Gaganyaan mission not only aims at India's maiden human flight to the space but also setting up a new space station for 'continuous space human presence'. "We are doing all this (Gaganyaan) on three points - short term plan of two unmanned mission in December 2020 and June 2021, followed by human space flight demonstration in December 2021. We have the mid term goal of sustaining the human space programme and continuous space human presence in space on a new space station", he said. In this regard, the ISRO has initiated a full-fledged astronaut training facility in close proximity to Bengaluru for meeting its future requirements. The space agency is also in talks with NASA and other space agencies and industries on how it can collaborate on human space flight and learn from their experience. The Gaganyaan will also assist in ISRO's long term goal of inter-planetary mission. "Inter-planetary mission is also on the agenda in the long term," the ISRO Chief said. On Gaganyaan mission, Sivan said the space agency has already developed and demonstrated key technologies such as having an operational launcher with 10-tonne playload capability to lower orbit, demonstration ofmission design and management, and recovery system like space qualified parachutes. "The only missing element were human life science and life support system, which we are developing now," he said. ISRO, Sivan said, has taken onboard many national labs, academic institutions, DRDO labs, Indian Air Force, CSIR Labas well as many industries as stakeholders for Gaganyaanprogramme. Noting that the astronauts have been selected from a pool of Indian Air Force test pilots, Sivan said the generic space flight training will commence in India shortly. A mission specific training will be carried out in India using a host of simulators and other facilities, he added. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/budget/news/budget-2020-isro-needs-rs-666-cr-for-chandrayaan-3/articleshow/73462546.cms">Exploring space is expensive — and ISRO needs more money from the 2020 Union Budget</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/chandrayaan-3-and-gaganyaan-top-priorities-for-isro-in-2020/articleshow/73063629.cms">India's second mission to land on the Moon, Chandrayaan 3, confirmed by ISRO chief</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india/news/madhavans-rocketry-isro-spy-case-nambi-narayan-gets-1-3-compensation/articleshow/72991747.cms">An Indian rocket scientist lost 25 years falsely accused of being a spy— now he will get $180,000 as compensation</a>

ISRO will send two unmmaned missions into space before Gaganyaan

<ul><li>ISRO plans to get its own space station off the ground in the next five to seven years. </li><li>Its latest mission will hinge on the success of its human spaceflight. </li><li>India’s own space station can allow microgravity experiments, paving the way for manufacturing innovation. </li></ul> Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) human spaceflight mission is yet to take off the ground, and the agency already preparing for its next big project — setting up India’s own space station in Earth’s orbit. India’s apex space agency did not divulge too many details about the project but said that they plan to get it off the ground in the next five to seven years. “It will be a smaller module, which would be mainly used to carry out microgravity experiments,” said K. Sivan, ISRO Chairman. This is the next ambitious project of ISRO which already has a human spaceflight mission in the works, to be completed by 2022. And, its latest mission will hinge on the success of human spaceflight. “The preparations are underway but we hope to take the project ahead only after the successful completion of <keyword id="6797456" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Gaganyaan">Gaganyaan</keyword> in 2022,” Sivan said. In a microgravity environment India’s own space station can allow astronauts and scientists from the country to carry out experiments, which can help make strides in manufacturing innovation. Gravity governs all movement in the universe. It keeps the moon orbiting around Earth and the Earth around the Sun. In space, gravity does not disappear altogether. In fact, it’s what keeps space stations and satellites in orbit. Microgravity, on the other hand, is free falling in space. Unlike the common belief that objects float because of the lack of gravity, objects actually float because they’re technically free falling at the same rate at their spacecraft. In the state of free fall, or microgravity, objects are said to weightless. Scientists have been using microgravity on the International Space Station (ISS) to develop new materials and unearth previously unknown physical and chemical phenomena. It can pave away for new manufacturing techniques and materials. The many benefits of microgravity There are four benefits in carrying out experiments in a microgravity environment. One, is the absence of buoyancy and sedimentation which basically means that material can disperse evenly. On Earth, heavier substances sink and lighter ones float. The second benefit is the absence of convection — there is no longer any difference in relative densities when matter is heated. Hydrostatic pressure is also absent in microgravity, making it easier to work with soft material. And, the most obvious benefit is the fact that liquids can float — without a container — which reduces the likelihood of contamination, increasing the likelihood of discovering new methods of manufacturing. Over the next few years ISRO also has missions to Venus and the Sun planned. "Not just Sun and Moon, we hope to reach other planets, like Venus," said Sivan. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/chandrayan-2-lunar-mission-to-launch-in-july-by-isro/articleshow/69139095.cms">India’s second lunar mission pegged to launch in July</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-is-to-trying-to-beat-elon-musks-spacex-success/articleshow/67550362.cms">India’s apex space agency is following Elon Musk's idea — and taking it a step forward</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/isro-nasa-just-spotted-a-black-hole-spinning-so-fast-that-it-could-be-making-space-itself-rotate/articleshow/66416605.cms">ISRO, NASA just spotted a black hole spinning so fast that it could be making space itself rotate</a>

India wants to set up its own space station to carry out experiments in microgravity

<keyword id="6358064" type="General" weightage="100" keywordseo="isro" source="Orion">ISRO</keyword>'s Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre has conducted the Integrated Main Parachute Airdrop Test (IMAT) of its crew module deceleration system for the much-awaited maiden <keyword id="6797456" type="General" weightage="20" keywordseo="Gaganyaan" source="Orion">Gaganyaan</keyword> human spaceflight programme at the Babina Field Fire Range (BFFR) in Jhansi district of Uttar Pradesh. The IMAT conducted on Friday marks a significant milestone toward realising the nation's ambitious Gaganyaan project, the <keyword id="116095" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="indian-space-research-organisation" source="Orion">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (ISRO) said in a statement. The Gaganyaan deceleration system consists of three main parachutes, besides the smaller ACS, pilot, and drogue parachutes, to reduce the speed of the crew module to safe levels during its landing, the space agency said. Two of the three main chutes are sufficient to land the astronauts on earth, and the third is redundant, ISRO said adding that the IMAT test simulated the case when one main chute failed to open. The IMAT test is the first in a series of integrated parachute airdrop tests planned to simulate different failure conditions of the parachute system before it is deemed qualified to be used in the first human spaceflight mission. In this test, a five-tonne dummy mass, equivalent to the crew module mass, was taken to an altitude of 2.5 kilometres and dropped using the <keyword id="15141" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="indian-air-force" source="Orion">Indian Air Force</keyword>'s IL-76 aircraft. Two small pyro-based mortar-deployed pilot parachutes then pulled the main parachutes. The main parachute sizes were initially restricted to a smaller area to reduce the opening shock. After seven seconds, the pyro-based reefing line cutters cut the area restricting line, allowing the parachutes to inflate fully. "The fully inflated main parachutes reduced the payload speed to a safe landing speed. The entire sequence lasted about 2-3 minutes as the scientists watched the different phases of the deployment sequence unfold with bated breath. There was loud cheer and applause as the payload mass landed softly on the ground and the gigantic parachutes collapsed," the statement read. The design and development of the parachute-based deceleration system is a joint venture of ISRO and the Defence <keyword id="73655" type="General" weightage="50" keywordseo="research-and-development" source="Orion">Research and Development</keyword> Organisation (DRDO). "The overall system design, analytical simulations of parachute deployment and crew module descent under various conditions, the design and development of ordnance devices for parachute extraction and ejection, assembly, mechanical and electrical integration of deceleration system, it's instrumentation and avionics for conducting this drop tests are done at ISRO's leading Research and Development centre, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvananthapuram," the space agency explained. Senior ISRO and DRDO scientists and airforce officers were present when the crucial test was done. "Besides proving the calibre of the scientists of ISRO and DRDO, the test also demonstrated the active coordination between the country's premier agencies, namely ISRO, DRDO, the Indian Air Force, and the Indian Army," ISRO said quoting a senior official. SEE ALSO: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/finance/news/india-on-course-to-become-worlds-second-largest-economy-by-2050-says-gautam-adani/articleshow/95622223.cms">India on course to become world’s second largest economy by 2050, says Gautam Adani</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/entertainment/article/festive-releases-fail-at-the-box-office-but-theatres-pin-hopes-on-big-ticket-releases-to-return-to-pre-covid-glory/articleshow/95608276.cms">Festive releases fail at the box-office, but theatres pin hopes on big-ticket releases to return to pre-Covid glory</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/all-is-not-that-well-say-market-experts-even-as-stocks-chase-new-highs/articleshow/95599973.cms">‘All is not that well’, say market experts even as stocks chase new highs</a>

ISRO conducts parachute airdrop test of Gaganyaan programme

<ul><li>The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) claims that India's test of their anti-satellite weapon is a "terrible, terrible thing."</li><li>The head of NASA stated, "That kind of activity is not compatible with the future of human spaceflight."</li><li>But, most experts feel like since the test was conducted at an altitude of 250kms, it's unlikely to be a threat to the <keyword id="6382020" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="international-space-station">International Space Station</keyword> (ISS).</li></ul>The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has strongly criticised <keyword id="3384000" type="COMPANY" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mission-Shakti">Mission Shakti</keyword>, India's anti-satellite (ASAT) weapon test, saying the debris from the explosion endangers the International Space Station (ISS). According to NASA, the risk of collision of the debris with the International Space Station (ISS) has increased by 44% over the last 10 days. "What we are tracking right now, objects big enough to track — we're talking about 10 centimeters (six inches) or bigger — about 60 pieces have been tracked," Jim Bridenstine, the administrator of NASA said in an announcement to his employees. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <div type="ExtQuote" text="That is a terrible, terrible thing to create an event that sends debris at an apogee that goes above the International Space Station: That kind of activity is not compatible with the future of human spaceflight." auname="Jim Bridenstine, administrator of NASA"></div>

















 This may put India's collaboration with US on <keyword id="7168485" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="Mission-Gaganyaan">Mission Gaganyaan</keyword>, the Indian human spaceflight programme, in jeopardy. Bridentstine and the <keyword id="6358064" type="UNKNOWN" weightage="20" keywordseo="isro">ISRO</keyword> Chairman, K Sivan, were <a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/us-india-collaboration-gaganyaan-manned-space-mission-charles-bolden-1474207-2019-03-09">reportedly</a> in talks about forming a working group to work exclusively on the project. It may also push India towards cementing its <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/russia-commits-full-support-to-indias-first-manned-space-mission-gaganyaan-pm-modi-5388790/">collaboration</a> with Russia for the Gaganyaan mission. India and France was already signed a memorandum of understanding where the French scientists will share their expertise to help the human space project get off the ground. Is there really a threat to the ISS? The United States Air Force (USAF) has also been tracking remnants from India's ASAT test. Lt. Gen. David Thompson, vice commander of USAF <a href="https://spaceflightnow.com/2019/03/27/u-s-military-sensors-track-debris-from-indian-anti-satellite-test/">told</a> the Senate Armed Services Committee in the US that, "they are tracking about 270 different objects in the debris field." Adding that the number will only grow as the debris spreads out and their sensors pick up more information. An <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-anti-satellite-missile-test-may-have-created-6500-eraser-size-pieces-of-space-junk-near-earth-according-to-a-new-simulation/articleshow/68639583.cms">estimated</a> 6,500 pieces of space debris as expected as a result of Mission Shakti according to a simulation created by Analytical Graphics Inc., an engineering software company that creates models of the space environment around Earth. The Indian government, on the other hand, <a href="https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/31179/Frequently_Asked_Questions_on_Mission_Shakti_Indias_AntiSatellite_Missile_test_conducted_on_27_March_2019">claims</a> that their test was specifically conducted in low Earth orbit (LEO) in order to ensure that there is no space debris created. And whatever debris may have been left behind, will eventually decay and fall back onto Earth within the span of a few weeks. Experts like Kumar Abhijeet, member of the International Institute of Space Law, also believe that the debris will most likely dissipate in the atmosphere. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <div type="ExtQuote" text="Now, debris also depends on where we’re doing the test. In China’s case, they did it at 800kms — we’ve conducted ours at 300kms. The debris will most likely burn up in the atmosphere. So there is minimum chance of debris being created." auname="Kumar Abhijeet, Member of the International Institute of Space Law and Research Scholar at the Institute of Air and Space Law"></div>

















 While China's ASAT test in 2007 might have resulted in the destruction of two Russian satellites due the debris left behind, the test was also conducted at a higher altitude of 850 kilometers. India's test, on the other hand was at an altitude of 300kms. Since it well below the 400 kms threshold, most experts are <a href="http://www.thespacereview.com/article/3686/1">claiming</a> are there is no threat to the ISS especially since the debris from the 2008 test conducted by the US at 250kms dissipated within days. Since then, the Bridenstine has had to resume <a href="https://in.reuters.com/article/usa-india-debris/pentagon-says-india-debris-expected-to-burn-up-in-atmosphere-idINKCN1RG22J">cooperation </a>with ISRO after an assessment by the Pentagon revealed that the space debris generated by India's ASAT set would dissipate within a few months and does not pose a threat to human space flight. See also: <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/indias-asat-mission-shakti-creates-space-debris/articleshow/68594904.cms">India's test of its anti-satellite weapon may have weakened its fight against dangerous space debris</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/india-asat-test-marks-time-for-nations-to-make-new-space-treaty/articleshow/68607435.cms">It might be time for ‘space superpowers' to bring in a new space treaty</a> <a href="https://www.businessinsider.in/prime-minister-modi-in-his-live-address-says-indian-scientists-shot-down-a-low-orbit-satellite-300-km-away-in-space/articleshow/68593276.cms">India enters an elite club after scientists shoot down a low orbit satellite 300 km away in space</a>

NASA slams India's anti-satellite test, may pull support from mission Gaganyaan

<ul><li>During the bilateral dialogue between <keyword id="6358826" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Russia">Russia</keyword> and India earlier today, nodal space agencies from both countries signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU).</li><li>The agreement indicates that potential candidates for India’s manned space will be invited to train at ROSCOSMOS in Russia. </li><li>The previous agreement between the ISRO and ROSCOSMOS in 2015 expanded the bilateral cooperation in the exploration and use of <keyword id="523986" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="outer-space">outer space</keyword> for peaceful purposes.</li></ul>India has planned its first <keyword id="1064783" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="human-spaceflight">human spaceflight</keyword> programme, Gaganyaan, for 2022 but it may not have to go at it alone. During the bilateral dialogue between Prime Minister <keyword id="6354477" type="PERSON" weightage="20" keywordseo="Narendra-Modi">Narendra Modi</keyword> and President Vladamir Putin, a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was <a href="https://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/30469/IndiaRussia_Joint_Statement_during_visit_of_President_of_Russia_to_India_October_05_2018">signed</a> between the country’s nodal space agencies on the manned space mission. The agreement between the <keyword id="116095" type="ORGANIZATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Indian-Space-Research-Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</keyword> (ISRO) and Russia’s federal space agency, ROSCOSMOS, states that the potential candidates for the mission will have to pass a training course in Russia. Once chosen, their subsequent training could <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/indian-astronaut-may-travel-to-international-space-station-for-training-report/article25113362.ece">include</a> a trip to the <keyword id="6382020" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="international-space-station">International Space Station</keyword> (ISS). In addition, India’s endogenous navigation system, meant to emulate GPS or the Russian GLONASS, is going to be <a href="https://www.rt.com/news/440381-india-russia-space-contract/">built</a> in the Russian city of Novosibirsk in Siberia. Not the first time India-Russia cooperation in the realm of space exploration isn’t a new phenomenon. India’s lunar mission, Chandrayaan-2, scheduled for January after many delays will be using Russian isotope products. ROSCOSMOS and ISRO signed another MoU back in 2015 on expanding cooperation between the two countries on exploring and using outer space for peaceful purposes. The bilateral agreement opened up collaboration on a number of new fronts like satellite navigation, remote sensing of the Earth, exchange of scientists, and launch vehicle development among others. Experts surmise that space exploration is one of the key pillars of the strategic relationship between the two nations. In fact, the first Indian to have ever been to Space, Rakesh Sharma of the Indian Air Force, got there on onboard the Russian Soyuz T-11 back in 1984. Even the first two Indian satellites, Aryabhata and Bhaskar, were launched into orbit from the <keyword id="832996" type="LOCATION" weightage="20" keywordseo="Baikonur-cosmodrome">Baikonur Cosmodrome</keyword> in the former Soviet Union.

You Searched For "Gaganyaan human spaceflight" and got 10 results

ISRO successfully conducts propulsion system tests for its first human spaceflight mission

PTI

ISRO successfully launches Test Flight Abort Mission for project Gaganyaan

ANI

ISRO partners with France to launch India's first human spaceflight mission Gaganyaan

PTI

ISRO selects four IAF pilots for Gaganyaan to train in Russia

PTI

ISRO's humanoid lady robot will fly into space before they send astronauts out on Gaganyaan

PTI

ISRO will send two unmmaned missions into space before Gaganyaan

PTI

India wants to set up its own space station to carry out experiments in microgravity

Prabhjote Gill

ISRO conducts parachute airdrop test of Gaganyaan programme

PTI

NASA slams India's anti-satellite test, may pull support from mission Gaganyaan

Prabhjote Gill

Russia to help India with its first manned space mission, may train astronauts aboard the ISS

Prabhjote Gill

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